计算

Derives the formulae for calculating the distortion and stress on the acting surface of flexspline load in the drive process of the harmonic gear drive with three-wave wavegenerator;(2) analyzes and compares the performance of plastic and steel products under light load drive and calculates the probably reached limit of drive ratio for both types of flexsplines under the same load;(3) applies the harmonic gear drive with three-wave wavegenerator to the small-sized multiple-revolution electric device of valves by taking into consideration of the low limit of the drive ratio for the harmonic gear drive with three-wave wavegenerator made of plastics, improves the design on the main drive mechanism of the traditional small-sized multiple-revolution electric device of valves, and validates through examples the feasibility for the harmonic gear drive with three-wave wavegenerator made of plastics to be applied to the small-sized multiple-revolution electric device of valves. Finally the author performs calculations on the two types of the flexsplines of the harmonic gear with three-wave wavegenerator by using the finite element method and analyzes the causes for the errors.

本文根据三波谐波齿轮传动的运动变形特点，采用弹性薄壳的力矩理论，推导了三波谐波齿轮传动柔轮载荷作用面上的变形及应力计算公式；分析比较了轻载传动情况下塑料和钢材的性能，计算了塑料制谐波柔轮和钢制谐波柔轮在相同载荷情况下可能达到的传动比极限；对塑料制及钢制三波谐波齿轮柔轮进行了有限元计算，分析了产生误差的原因；针对三波塑料谐波齿轮传动比极限低的特点，将之运用于小转矩多回转阀门电动装置中，对传统的小型多回转阀门电动装置的主传动机构进行了改良设计，并通过实例验证了三波塑料谐波齿轮传动在小转矩多回转阀门电动装置中应用的可行性。

The results of thermal balance calculation show that if the combustion air can be preheated to 600℃ by the self-preheating process and the gas can be preheated to 150℃ approximately by recovering waste heat of hot stoves flue gas, then the hot blast temperature of 1200℃ could be obtained. 4. The development of mathematical models on the heat transfer of chamber in hot blast stoves is briefly reviewed and the Hausen's mathematical model and its solution methods are mainly discussed.

对自身预热热风炉在一个工作周期内燃烧和传热过程的设计计算程序和应用公式进行了计算方法的研究，首次提出了一套新的热工计算方法，并以采用自身预热的大型高炉热风炉为例，进行了分析、比较和验证。

The headframe structure studied is composed of two trusses in the direction parallel to the hoisting load, and two rigid frames in the perpendicular direction.

按桁架框架型井架在断绳荷载作用下，考虑扭力计算与不考虑扭力计算，其结果，平行于钢丝绳力方向的桁架内力可减少10～20%左右；垂直于钢丝绳力方向的框架内力则增加100%(即，若不考虑扭力计算框架时无内力)。

The equations for the helicoid and cross section of a ballscrew are worked out and a numerical integral method for the computation of the moment of inertia of the cross section is proposed.

建立了滚珠丝杠的螺旋面方程及横截面方程，提出一种精确计算滚珠丝杠横截面惯性矩的数值积分法，计算结果表明，传统的简化方法将造成20％以上的计算误差。

For calculating the shadow area of the heliostat field on the ground accurately, the calculation method of the shading ratio among the adjacent heliostats is proposed and the theoretic formulas are derived.

为了精确计算镜场对地面的阴影面积，提出了相邻镜面间阴影率的计算方法，并推导了计算公式。

The shadow and block efficiency of the heliostats in the heliostat field considering the shadows of the tower in the tower Solar Power Plantshas been obtained by geometry optics.

经几何光学分析，导出了考虑接收塔阴影影响的太阳能塔式热发电站的定日镜有效利用率计算公式，并通过算例比较了考虑与不考虑接收塔阴影影响的定日镜有效利用率计算结果，验证了这些计算公式的正确性和考虑接收塔阴影影响的合理性。

It aims at providing unified and transparent service to the user by organizing all the computing resource of the campus in an efficient manner and hiding the internal heterogeneousness and dynamic. The whole campus grid is a three-tier system, which is composed of grid portal layer, grid middleware layer and computational resource layer.

将校园网内的各种计算资源以有效的方式动态的组织起来，隐藏其内部异构性和动态性，形成一个可相互利用、相互合作、对用户相对透明的高性能计算环境，为科研教学提供高效可信的协同计算服务。

To calculate numerically the radiation of a enclosure within a heteromorphosis cavity, attention was focused on: how to decide the visibility between two surfaces, how to improve the old method of configuration factor computation, how to approximately and efficiently decide the radiation resource of directional, spectral radiation in cavity.

讨论了解决异型封闭腔辐射几何学问题的几种方法：异型封闭腔内，表面间可见性的判断方法；优化异型封闭腔角系数计算的方法；确定异型封闭腔内定向辐射的壁面辐射源的方法。计算了两种结构喷管封闭腔内的角系数，并从角系数的互换性和完整性定理验证了方法的正确性和有效性，为异型封闭腔的辐射计算解决了几何问

The results indicate that the roof pitch and height-width ratio are the main factors influencing the hip roof pressures.

据此提出了屋面各分区风载体型系数的实用计算公式，并给出了计算实例，将计算结果与试验结果作了比较。

The methods of computing holdup, pressure drop and temperature drop were simply introduced and some important formulas were derived.

并简要介绍了段塞流工艺计算中的持液率计算及压降和温降的计算，并对重要的公式进行了推导。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐