计算

Anisotropism of the penetrability of dam and foundation material arouses that the density of the equipotential line of water head at entrance enlarges, residual water head are higher than the height of the soakage-line in large seepage field, and the exit points of seepage flow rises.

本文在总结前人研究成果的基础上，主要研究和探讨了以下四个方面的内容：饱和非—饱和、稳定—非稳定渗流计算的有限元分析；堤防渗控措施的比较和优化；土体湿化以及湿化变形的计算；土体渗流场和应力场的耦合计算问题。

In energy loss calculation, a method named equivalent resistance is introduced.

电能损耗计算中运用等值电阻法计算电能损耗，它将配电网中由线路和变压器绕组产生的可变损耗等价为两个等值电阻上的损耗，同时根据实际电网中负载的变化对这两个电阻进行修正，最后计算出网络的电能损耗。

The stochastic property, ergodic property and regular property of the chaotic generator are studied, and three types combination of chaos and evolution computation are investigated.

论述了进化计算的理论基础，建立了进化计算的统一模型；研究了混沌发生器的随机性、遍历性和规律性以及混沌与进化计算相结合的三种方式。

The secant modulus is used to calculate final settlement of high-stacked soil, compared with the result of e ~ p curve, the error is in the limit of tolerance.

同时将割线模量计算沉降的方法应用到高填方自身作用下的最终沉降计算中，通过与应用e～p曲线计算的结果进行比较，其误差在允许范围之内。

In the dissertation, meshless element free Galerkin method which utilizes moving least square is used for solving heat transfer problems. Lagrange multiplier method is used to deal with the essential boundary condition. Some parameters in element free Galerkin method, which influence the precision, are also discussed in the numerical simulation. The adaptive method of meshless method is also stated.

本文采用了基于移动最小二乘近似的无网格伽辽金法计算了热传导问题，采用拉格朗日乘子处理本征边界条件；讨论了无网格伽辽金法各个计算参数在数值模拟中对计算精度的影响；并对无网格的自适应方法进行了研究。

Based on the good essential boundary condition processing capability of radial point interpolation meshless method, as well as the better computing efficiency of Element-free Galerkin method, the mixed method coupling EFG and RPIM is used to deal with the essential boundary condition.

基于径向基点插值无网格方法良好的本质边界条件处理能力，以及无网格伽辽金方法较好的计算效率，应用混合元法耦合两种无网格方法进行了本质边界条件的处理，数值算例结果表明：混合元法简明有效，计算概念清晰，易于编程计算。

In the procedure of computing impedance matrix elements, an improved method of accurate evaluation of retarded time integrals with singularity in self-impedance elements in MOT scheme is presented, which improve the late-time stability of MOT scheme.

在阻抗矩阵元素计算中，研究了一种基于Duffy变换的包含时间迟滞项的奇异积分的精确计算方法，提高了计算精度，改善了MOT求解积分方程中的晚时不稳定性。

At the time of final settlement following the end of the year, no recomputation and reconversion need be made in respect of income in a foreign currency for which tax has already been paid on a quarterly basis; only that portion of the foreign currency income of the entire year for which tax has not been paid shall, in respect of the computation of taxable income, be converted into Renminbi according to the exchange rate quotation on the last day of the tax year.

第十五条企业所得为外国货币的，在依照税法第十五条规定分季预缴所得税时，应当按照季度最后一日的外汇牌价折合成人民币计算应纳税所得额；年度终了后汇算清缴时，对已按季度预缴税款的外国货币所得，不再重新折合计算，只就全年未纳税的外国货币所得部分，按照年度最后一日的外汇牌价，折合成人民币计算应纳税所得额。

It provides a way to find optimal lower dimensional approximations of the given data, and It enormously reduce the storage of the data which is needed when the physical processes is recurred. The physical process can be described in series expansion function that only is related to the time and space. It is optimal approximation of the given data in a certain least squares optimal sense. The most obvious advantage of the method is that it reduces the computation cost and computation time markedly.

它提供了一种描绘物理过程的有效方法，该物理过程可以写成一个只与时间相关的函数和一个只与空间相关的函数的展开式序列，且它们在均方意义上是最优的，在展开式中只需要少量的项数就可较准确地描述该物理过程，因此降低计算维数、减少计算量和节省计算时间是这个方法最明显的优点。

Based on expansion of ODF in series of Generalized Spherical Harmonics by Bunge, we design programming in Orientation Distribution Function for polycrystal which contained five thousands crystals based on increment arithmetic of Voronoi. Geometrical data information, ODF of every crystal in polycrysal are imported to Open Graphics Library to draw, that means we implement visualization of ODF for every crystal in polycrystal.

主要针对具有立方结构的多晶体材料，采用Bunge级数展开法模型计算取向分布函数的理论模型，利用C语言在VC++环境下对ODF值进行了计算，并以Voronoi增量算法为基础生成包含有5000个晶粒的多晶体材料各晶粒的几何数据信息，与计算得到的ODF值一起导入OpenGL进行可视化处理，直观显示了多晶体材料中ODF值在各晶粒内的分布。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。