计算

In the second method, the dielectric constant of solution was applied to substitute the dielectric constant of solvent.

对四种电解质水溶液中电解质扩散系数的计算表明：本文给出的两种改进方法的计算精度相当，与原来的计算方法相比较，与实验值的符合情况更好，应用的浓度范围也较宽。

The calculated double differential cross section of the new model is compared with experimental data and previous SCDW calculations with single particle model. The calculated cross sections are larger than those given by previous calculations at backword and forward angles and smaller than those given by previous calculations near the quasi-elastic scattering angle. The agreement with experimental data is much improved.

新模型的双微分截面计算结果与实验值以及以前采用单粒子壳层模型时的计算结果进行了比较，表明CDFM模型的引入对SCDW模型的计算结果有较大的改进，使其在大角度和极小角度区域有所增大，在准弹性散射角附近有所减小，从而能更好地与实验值相符合。

There are many calculating methods for dynamic gas reserves. Among them, pressure build-up method and pressure differential curve method are commonly used. This is due to their advantages and actual proof by field tests in application degree. But all of them have their own constraining conditions, so it is difficult to say which one is more reliable.

天然气动态储量的计算方法很多，其中压力恢复法和压差曲线法是计算气井动态储量的常用方法，它们有很多优点，其应用程度已被矿场实际证实，但它们都有各自限制的应用条件，很难说明哪种方法计算更可靠。

Among used machine learning methods, the gradient descent method is widely used to train various classifiers, such as Back-propagation neural network and linear text classifier. However, the gradient descent method is easily trapped into a local minimum and slowly converges. Thus, this study presents a gradient forecasting search method based on prediction methods to enhance the performance of the gradient descent method in order to develop a more efficient and precise machine learning method for Web mining.However, a prediction method with few sample data items and precise forecasting ability is a key issue to the gradient forecasting search method. Applying statistic-based prediction methods to implement GFSM is unsuitable because they require a large number of data items to model a prediction model. In the contrast with statistic-based prediction methods, GM(1,1) grey prediction model does not need a large number of data items to build a prediction model, and it has low computational load. However, the original GM(1,1) grey prediction model uses a mathematical hypothesis and approximation to transform a continuous differential equation into a discrete difference equation in order to model a forecasting model.

其中梯度法是一个最常被使用来实现机器学习的方法之一，然而梯度法具有学习速度慢以及容易陷入局部最佳解的缺点，因此，本研究提出一个梯度预测搜寻法则(gradient forecasting search method， GFSM)来改善传统梯度法的缺点，用来提升一些以梯度学习法则为基础的分类器在资讯探勘上的效率与正确性；而一个所需资料量少、计算复杂度低且精确的预测模型是梯度预测搜寻法能否有效进行最佳解搜寻之关键因素，传统统计为基础之预测方法的缺点是需要较大量的数据进行预测，因此计算复杂度高，灰色预测模型具有建模资料少且计算复杂度低等优点，然而灰色预测理论以连续之微分方程式为基础，并且透过一些数学上的假设与近似，将连续之微分方程式转换成离散之差分方程式来对离散型资料进行建模及预测，这样的作法不尽合理，且缺乏数学理论上的完备性，因为在转换过程中已经造成建模上的误差，且建模过程仅考虑相邻的两个资料点关系，无法正确反应数列未来的变化趋势。

Using the method we calculate the 〓 elasticdifferential scattering cross section, excitation differential scattering crosssection, and excitation cross section of electron collision with 〓 We transform the electron and molecule problem into electron problemby Born-Oppenheimer approximate. Mr Rossi, Dr. the Flinders University ofSouth Australia, calculated electron collision with molecule, but theexchange term he used become bigger and bigger as incident energyincreases, it is unreasonable, besides, the potential of electron and nucleus heused is somewhat rough. At present we correct these two terms. The potentialconsists of static potential, exchange potential, polarization potential.

电子与分子的碰撞过程的相互作用势主要是由静态势、交换势和极化势三部分决定的，这里对这三部分在动量空间中进行分波展开，推导出易于计算的表达形式，根据这些公式，并参考Rossi的弹性碰撞程序编写了计算电子与分子碰撞激发截面的程序，利用程序计算出势能矩阵元，通过求解Lippmann-Schwinger方程求得T矩阵元，便可求得散射截面。

Illustrative results are presented for the radiation dose and dose profile with activity distributions: uniform, determined by steady-state diffusion into the target volume, or determined by steady-state diffusion with a constant rate of loss of activity from the target.

计算程序用Visual Basic V6.0编写，在微机上运行。为了验证计算结果，将均匀分布条件下的计算结果分别与文献报导的结果比较，发现它们是一致的。

On the basis of the experiment and computed results,a formula of CH 4/Air/Diluent laminar burning speed is developed.

同时在总结试验和计算数据的基础上，得到了计算甲烷-空气-稀释气层流燃烧速度的计算公式。

But the construction drawing budget method can cause the greater difference between the accounting results of development organization and construction organization due to their different accounting errors, different understandings of construction drawing and different dinking modes, which leads to the difficulty in project settling accounts.

但是，由于施工图预算计算起来往往由于预算人员的计算误差和对施工图理解的不同，思维方式的不同，造成建设单位和施工单位计算的结果误差较大，给工程结算造成较大的麻烦。

Huge computation, including the on-line estimation of the process parameters, the computation of the Diophantine equation and, especially, the computation of the in...

在线计算量大，包括模型参数的在线辨识，Diophantine方程和逆矩阵的求解，以及其它计算，如处理约束问题需要的计算。

In this paper introduce the calculation method and example of processing the big prime number straight gear apply the method for calculating the logarithm dispart tooth in Y54 gear shaper.

介绍了在Y54插齿机上采用对数分齿计算方法加工大质数直齿轮的计算方法和计算实例。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐