计算

Combining concrete datas and restriction condition of qinjiang river, this dissertation uses POA to resolve the objective to maximize the benefit production on short-term optimal dispatching about cascaded hydroplants, giving concret account step and flow chart, adopt object-oriented method to program and then analysis and sums up these computing results.

给定清江相关数据约束条件下，用POA改进算法，对梯级电站短期发电效益最大模型进行了求解，给出了具体的计算步骤和程序流程图，采用面向对象方法进行程序设计，提高了程序的可扩充性，并对优化计算结果进行分析，优化计算的时间和精度都达到了项目要求，有明显的经济效益。

To investigate the thermal protection effects of a heat sinking vest with phase-change material in high-temperature and high-humidity environment and the feasibility of numerical computation of heat transfer to the vest,based on the analysis of heat and mass transfer characteristic about the accouterments,a thermodynamic model was set up with the enthalpy method.

为了研究相变材料降温服在高温高湿条件下的热防护性能和相变材料数值计算方法应用于降温服传热计算的可行性，在分析服装传热传质特点及计算方法的基础上，利用焓值分析法对服装中的相变材料建立传热模型，在整个区域建立统一的能量方程，在区域结点进行离散，并进行隐式求解，得到焓的分布。

To investigate the thermal protection effects of a heat sinking vest with phase-change material in high-temperature and high-humidity environment and the feasibility of numerical computation of heat transfer to the vest, based on the analysis of heat and mass transfer characteristic about the accouterments, a thermodynamic model was set up with the enthalpy method. The uniform energy equation was constructed for the whole domain, and the implicit difference equation was used in every node, the distribution of enthalpy was solved by numerical method.

为了研究相变材料降温服在高温高湿条件下的热防护性能和相变材料数值计算方法应用于降温服传热计算的可行性，在分析服装传热传质特点及计算方法的基础上，利用焓值分析法对服装中的相变材料建立传热模型，在整个区域建立统一的能量方程，在区域结点进行离散，并进行隐式求解，得到焓的分布。

Results: Prefrontal cortex , parietal lobe, occipital lobe and cerebellum are activated during simple calculation and complex calculation task in male and female, The activated areas(means the function calculation areas ,Prefrontal cortex and parietal lobe) are larger in male than that in the female ,especially in the complex calculation task .

结果： 计算任务中男女主要激活区域均为额前区、顶叶、枕叶及小脑，男性额前区及顶叶等计算功能区激活范围较女性广，其中以复杂计算为著。

The problem of the error of calculation formula calculating the variance of grouping data within distances in statistics was put forward,and the concrete forms of correcting formula were given by the theorem of addition and the variance of even distribution.

提出统计学中的组距分组资料方差和标准差计算公式误差问题，由方差的加法定理和均匀分布方差给出分组资料方差计算和标准差计算的修正公式具体形式，并就均匀分布数列和正态分布数列组内方差平均数进行了讨论

Significant improvements to the TOPMODEL were made on the distributed computation of runoff yield in the mesh scale which is equivalent to that of DEM in one hand,and an isochrones hydrograph was calibrated from rainfallrunoff observations for watershed convergence simulations on the other hand.These improvements were made to enhance the simulation ability of the TOPMODEL,meanwhile to extend the model′s adoptability in rainfallrunoff simulations to middle and large scale watersheds.

考虑到流域地形、下垫面条件及流域气象条件的空间差异性，将TOPMODEL的产流计算细化到每个栅格，以改进模型的分布式计算，并在考虑地形坡度影响的情况下，根据降水-径流资料优选出的参数率定等流时线、利用率定的等流时线进行流域的汇流计算，以提升TOPMODEL在中、大尺度流域模拟演算的能力。

And use the prior and more consummate ways to carry through vaneaccidence design, These ways have own technology points and disadvantage, In this paperstressly discuss the momentum-element theory way, this way was developed in the basic ofthe two ahead ways, and it overcome their defect. It also use element theory to deal withvane design. In the vane designing and aerodynamical characteristic calculating they bothrelate with intervene gene, so the keystone is to carry through the intervene gene in twocase, thereout to do the vane design and aerodynamical characteristic calculating.

运用翼型的基本概念和风力机叶片的基础外型参数进行叶片设计的预研讨论，并分别运用了Glauert和Schmitz叶片设计方法叶片进行初步设计，这两种方法有其各自技术特点和缺点，文中还着重研究了动量—叶素理论方法，这种方法在前两种设计方法的基础上发展而成，并采用两者的叶素研究方法进行叶片设计，动量叶素理论方法在进行叶片外型设计和叶片气动特性计算都涉及到干涉因子，文中重点对设计和计算情况下的干涉因子进行处理，并由此来设计叶片的外型和进行气动特性的计算。

Methods On the basis of a great deal empirical and calculated data, a fundamental calculating formula was derived to calculate cosmic radiation dose rate in aerosphere from sea level to altitude of 25 km.

在大量实验和计算数据的基础上，推导出计算从海平面至25 km高度地球大气层中任意位置宇宙辐射剂量率的基本计算公式。

With the use of a robust error mapping function, an affine model-based target tracking algorithm is formulated, in which a quasi-Newton's iterative method is implemented in the optimization progress.

算法中使用的"由粗至精"计算策略以图像金字塔数据结构为基础，采用自顶向下的计算顺序，并在每层金字塔上结合对鲁棒性误差映射函数中控制参数所做的逐步降级处理，实现了逐步求精的计算目的。

On the basis of previous study, the available procedure for two-dimensional steam flow and heat transfer prediction is modified in the aspects of boundary condition processing method and the matching technique of condenser and air pump performances. The procedure is verified by comparing calculation results of condensers with available experimental data, and a good agreement is achieved.

在前人发展的汽相流动与传热特性二维计算程序基础上，完善了二维计算方法的功能，探讨了各种特殊情况下的边界条件合理给定方法及凝汽器工作性能与抽气器工作性能匹配的方法，并采用制造厂和文献的实验数据验证了物理模型和计算程序的适用性，最后完善了程序的前后处理功能。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。