计算

It is the first time to calculate the near noise field with ray method, and replace the inhomogenous SSP in the vertical direction with constant SSP, while other models usually use Fast Field Program such as SARFRI to calculate the near noise field. This model increases the calculation speed about 100 times without decreasing much precision. It can meet the need of engineering.

首次采用射线模型计算噪声近场的贡献，并进一步用等声速代替有垂直分布的声速剖面，而其他模型通常采用诸如SARFRI等快速场程序计算近场的贡献；本模型的计算时间比其他模型的计算时间缩短了2个数量级，精度并未有明显损失，适合工程需要。

By theory analyzing and example calculation and comparison, the conclusion is obtained that the traditional inferential method can be applied in the design flood peak flow calculation, yet it cannot truly express the runoff process of the rain drainage inlet, the instantaneous unit hydrograph depending on the real and actual datum is different to be used in the runoff discharge hydrograph calculation, and the no linearity reservoir means and the isochronal method have some physics base and its parameters easily evaluated and its runoff discharge hydrograph still more is close to practice.

5通过城市雨水地表汇流特性及计算方法的理论分析、实例计算和对比得出：传统推理法可应用于城市设计洪峰流量的计算，但不能真实地反映雨水口径流流量过程；瞬时单位线法等对实测资料有较大依赖，难以应用于城市径流流量过程线的计算；非线性水库法和等流时线法的径流流量过程线接近实际。

Based on the translation of Liber Abaci from English to Chinese, and studying the large number of material, this dissertation is mainly intended to comprehensively analyze the contents, explore the algorithm, summarize the methods and thinking of mathematics from Fibonacci.This paper is composed of eight chapters.

本论文在完成《计算之书》英译本(2002年出版)汉语翻译的基础上，通过对《计算之书》以及相关中外文献的研读，全面分析了《计算之书》中的数学内容，对言辞模糊、表达不明的算题、算法进行深入算理分析，就其中重要的数学方法进行了认真的梳理和概括，并对《计算之书》中的数学思想、算法源流进行了初步探讨。

On the background of mobile computing, distributed system, agent system and ontology, the author explores the mobile computing in limited environment at three levels, i.e., mobile computing formal model, mobile ontology and application model. Some targets of the research works include the dynamic ambients calculus, robust ambients calculus and mobile ontology. Some innovative contributions of the dissertation are enumerated as: 1、Proposing a mobile computing dynamic ambients calculus.

论文研究工作基于陕西省十五科技攻关课题&移动嵌入式电子商务平台及关键技术研究&，以移动计算、分布式系统、Agent系统、本体论等相关领域技术为背景，从移动计算形式模型、移动本体论、应用模型三个层次研究了面向受限设备的移动计算技术，内容主要涉及移动计算形式模型中的动态环境演算、抗干扰鲁棒环境演算以及面向移动领域的移动本体论等，研究工作取得了如下创新性成果： 1、提出了跨平台、跨网络的动态环境演算。

The reservoir rock types in the region of interest are grain limestone, algal limestone, cryptite, siltstone, muddy limestone and mudstone. The thesis identified as a result of changes in the deposition causing the heterogeneity in plane, and then the geological oil reserves have been calculated in accordance with the areal heterogeneity.3、Based on the data of core analysis, bore logging, array induction imaging log and FMI, porosity and permeability model were built using regression analysis. Through testing 45 rock samples, a, b, m, n value were obtained and used to calculate single-layer oil saturation value using the Archie formula. According to the theory of laterolog and inductolog, resistivity ratio and cross plot were used to identification effective thickness. Effective thickness was identified delicately in 103 wells. Based on the over work, active porosity and oil saturation was calculated accurately.4、According to observation of 100 pieces of the thin slices, cast thin slices and 383m core in three wells, the chief diagenesis in this area were compaction, cementation, denudation and cataclasis. Cementation and denudation were universally influenced active porosity this area. The intergranular pores, residual pores and secondary pores were formed in thin carbonated reservoir of lacustrine facies.5、The influence of reservoir heterogeneity to reservoir calculation was analyzed systematically using actual data. And the conclusions were as follows:①The principal reason leading to oil distribution unequal is interior structural feature of reservoir in structural hydrocarbon reservoir.

确定了由于沉积微相的变化而导致的平面非均质性，进而在平面上按照平面非均质单元计算了石油地质储量。3、利用岩心分析、常规测井曲线与阵列感应、成像测井资料相结合，分岩性利用回归分析方法建立了储层孔隙度、渗透率模型；通过对45块岩样进行岩电试验，获取了a、b、m、n值，利用阿尔奇公式计算了各单层含油饱和度值；根据侧向电阻率和感应电阻率串并联特性，利用电阻率比值法与常规交会图法相结合重建了有效厚度图版，对全区103口井目的层段进行了有效厚度精细划分，通过以上工作，准确求取了储量计算单元内有效厚度参数、有效孔隙度参数以及含油饱和度参数。4、通过对研究区3口井383m岩心观察，100余块薄片、铸体薄片镜下鉴定得出：油泉子油田上、下油砂山组储层主要成岩作用是压实作用、胶结作用、溶蚀作用和破裂作用，其中溶蚀作用、胶结作用最普遍，这两种作用对有效孔隙度影响最大，以上成岩作用形成了原生粒间孔、粒间残余孔和次生孔隙(如粒间溶孔、粒内溶孔、铸模孔、晶间孔等)为主的薄层湖相碳酸盐岩储层。5、利用实际资料，系统分析了油藏非均质对储量计算的影响，认为：①对于构造油气藏而言，油气藏构造及断裂特征是造成油气分布不均的首要原因，储集条件相同的条件下，构造高部位有利于储存油气，油气在垂向的重力分异体现了油气藏内部构造的不均一特征。

Finally, analyse the calculated results of this ship with another catamarans. From this result obtained unsymmetrical catamaran hull of this particular special vibration mode and analyse the vibration mode in order. The calculation is fairly reasonable, for the future of the asymmetric catamarans to calculate the vibration analysis of a number of reference.

最后将本船计算结果与另一艘双体船计算结果进行了比较分析，得到不对称双体船这种特殊船型的特殊振动模态，并就其振动模态出现次序进行了比较分析，说明本次计算是比较合理的，为今后不对称双体船的振动特性分析计算提供了一些的参考。

In this thesis, two chemical structural models were constructed based on several structure parameters derived from FTIR and 13C NMR data, which were processed by curve-fitting and curve-resolved. Modified models were obtained by simulation oftheir molecular vibration spectra using Cerius 4.6/IR module andthe structural parameters from 13C NMR. Potential energy, bondenergy and non-bond energy of the minimum-energy conformations of coal macromolecules were calculated by molecular mechanics calculation and molecular dynamics simulation. These results demonstrate the importance of hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions in the formation and stabilization of coal macromolecular structure, and a strongest tendency of hydrogen bonding interactions to increase with the coal molecules but the Coulombs force.

本文运用煤结构的傅立叶红外光谱和固体核磁共振碳谱~(13C NMR测试方法所得的结果，经过谱图分峰、分析，计算出若干表征煤大分子结构参数，并综合前人的经验和共识，利用计算机分子绘图软件系统构建了表征两种褐煤的化学结构模型，在Cerius~2 4.6／IR模块中计算了分子振动红外光谱，同时结合碳谱所计算的分子结构参数拟合、修正了该结构模型，得到了能表征这两种煤样的分子结构模型，作为用分子动力学模拟和量子化学计算的初始结构模型。

In our research, a 3-D numerical simulation calculation of the outside flow field of the flat-headed van-body truck has been made first. A RNG k-? turbulence model which can increase the calculation precision of the separation flow has been adopted, and the results show that the calculation of the van-body truck with the RNG k-e turbulence model is more exact than that of the standard k-e turbulence model.

本研究首次对平头厢式货车外部流场进行了三维数值模拟计算，模拟采用可以提高分离流计算精度的RNG k-ε紊流模型，计算结果表明其计算精度较标准k-ε紊流模型有显著的提高。

This paper presents a practical second-order method of the stability of main frame of the steel arch gate by combining the virtues of calculating length method.

本论文的重点为提出框架柱计算长度系数μ实用计算公式，及考虑剪力影响、不对称性等因素对μ影响的研究；提出弧门主框架弹塑性稳定计算方法；提出弧门主框架弹塑性稳定二阶分析实用计算方法。

Simultaneously, the exports of ionization rate and nonionzed concentration are set up as a powerful tool for studying thoroughly the freeze-out effect. dN〓/dp and dN〓/dn are neglected in the linearized equation system of the iteration methods of Newton and Gummel, due to having lower 15 orders or more than dN〓/dn and dN〓/dp, thus the computing effort is cut down with no effect on precision. A new cut-off technique is adopted to accelerate the convergence speed, about twice reduced for Newton iteration method and six times or so for Gummel iteration method. The approximate formulae of Fermi-Dirac statistics are also put forward with simpler form and higher precision. 3. A term dependent on time is added to the electron and hole current succession equations respectively. It is only this model that conservation of charge in transient analysis and alternating small-signal analysis at low temperature can be kept by. 4. The performance of SE-PISCES is explained by the simulation example of PISCES-2B, diode.

研究了低温半导体器件模拟的数值方法：对载流子浓度进行了新的归一化；编制了不考虑掺杂所引进的内建电场时的电离率计算程序；由于低温杂质电离率随偏压状态而变化，为此编制了每次求解迭代时的电离浓度计算程序，并将其插入到求解迭代程序中；同时，设置了杂质电离率和未电离杂质浓度的出口点，为更深入地研究冻析效应提供了有力工具；在Newton迭代法和Gummel迭代法的线性化方程组中忽略了dN〓/dp、dN〓/dn，是因为它们比dN〓/dn、dN〓/dp低15个数量级以上，这样减小了计算量又不影响模拟精度；对Newton迭代法和Gummel迭代法采取了新的截断技术，提高了收敛速度，Newton法迭代法和两次左右，Gummel法减少六次左右；给出了表达式更简单而精度更高的Fermi-Dirac积分近似计算公式。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。