计划经济

From 1949 to 1978, it is near 30 years that China in the era of planned economy, and within this special social background, both of the Chinese music creation and communication had the same subject: to moralize the masses, to service the politics.

内容提要：1949~1978近30年的时间里，处在计划经济时代的中国音乐创作和音乐传播，由于特殊的社会历史背景，为了服务政治，教化大众成了这一时期的主题。

In fact, from 1952 to 1978, under the planned economy China national income enhanced 5 times.

事实上，从1952年到1978年，计划经济下的中国国民收入提高了5倍。

But from overall look, by planned economy to the middle of process of market economy shunt, nicotian industry fails to get used to the change of market economy in management thought respect, market consciousness and competitive consciousness are thin, caused what manage by state monopoly thereby.

但从总体看，由计划经济向市场经济转轨过程中，烟草行业在经营思想方面未能适应市场经济的转变，市场意识和竞争意识淡薄，从而造成了由国家垄断经营的。。。

Is in under the planned economy system environment for a long time the state-owned monopoly enterprise culture, facing the economical globalization, the social informationization international environment and the marketability reform thorough domestic environment challenge, appears the management idea backwardness, the value idea obviously obsoletely, the enterprise spirit monotonous, the enterprise image backs up and so on the undesirable tendencies.

长期处于计划经济体制环境下的国有垄断型企业文化，面对经济全球化、社会信息化的国际环境和市场化改革深入的国内环境的挑战，明显出现经营理念落后、价值观念陈旧、企业精神单调、企业形象倒退等不良现象。

On the new circumstance, how to fit in with the need of market-directed economy and society development. Social security has been by way of the basic method that coordinate the relationship of benefit about the country corporation person and between the high earnings layer and the poor layer on the job and the jobless in-service and the retirement the youngster and the oldster the health man and the patient the solider and the citizen, etc. We must promote something and abandon something to the traditional and ignorant social security model on the planned economy, form soundly the new social security system as soon as possible.

在新的条件下，如何适应市场经济和社会发展的需要，将社会保障作为调整国家、企业和个人之间利益关系及社会成员中高收入阶层与贫困阶层、在岗职工与失业者、劳动者与退休者、青壮年与年老者、健康者与疾患者、军人与群众之间利益关系的基本手段，对计划经济体制下传统落后的社会保障模式实行扬弃，尽快完善新的社会保障体系，已成为我国当前重大的理论与现实问题。

Outside the China of initiative phase annulus tally company, headquarters is set in place of tally of bureau of ocean of the Ministry of Communication, the branch governs on somebody's behalf by local port office, like all companies at that time, contain the characteristic of apparent planned economy.

初始阶段的中国外轮理货公司，总部设在交通部海洋局理货处，分公司由当地港务局代管，与当时的所有公司一样，带有明显的计划经济的特点。

China's international private law needs to orientate its development in the direction of international ization.

中国国际和法有必要以国际化为导向进一步完善和发展，这就必须抛弃传统的计划经济和属地主义束缚，投身国际私法的统一化运动。

China's international private law needs to orientate its development in the direction of internationalization.

中国国际和法有必要以国际化为导向进一步完善和发展，这就必须抛弃传统的计划经济和属地主义束缚，投身国际私法的统一化运动。

Entering reform and openness new period,Deng Xiaoping starts to analyse some problems,the Chinese social development stage,planned economy and market economy,the primary stage of socialism pattern of ownership and probe a road to socialism with Chinese characteristics.

进入改革开放新时期后，邓小平开始对社会主义本质、中国社会发展阶段、计划经济与市场经济、社会主义初级阶段的所有制结构等深层次问题析，逐步探索出一条中国特色社会主义道路。

However,perennially influenced by the guiding ideology of the planned-economy,there are,to a certain extent,still some serious problems both in the realization of collecting and the management of its circulation.

但是，由于长期以来受计划经济时期指导思想的影响，不管是在对收藏的认识上，还是在对收藏流通的管理等方面，均存在一些的问题，有的问题还比较严重。

The reasons of iron ions content overproof in grade Ⅱ desalting water system,such as variation water quality,contamination of regenerant , operation adjustment of pretreatment system and switching operation of bed were discussed.

对二级脱盐水系统中铁离子含量超标的原因，如来水水质发生波动、再生剂受到污染、预处理系统操作调整、床体运行切换等进行了论述。

You were hired to drum up new business, so go and do it.

公司雇你招徕新业务，你就做你的事好了。