詈

It was found that structural models of a swearing discourse possess 3 parts: the swearing appellation, the contumelious special swearing expression, and the auxiliary statement of swearing cause. Then 30 odd pragmatic functions were reported in the study that strongly display their competences in helping people, as those in Dream of the Red Chamber, to express their subtle feelings to the full in intricate situations and under complex mentality. Meanwhile, 4 pragmatic parameters were discovered in this analysis of data: the sex character of swearing explaining how sex as a pragmatic factor influences the speech act of swearing; the socio-cultural character of swearing which demonstrates how 8 aspects of socio-cultural elements affect the realization of swearing in English and Chinese; the courtesy character of swearing, and the psycho-cognitive character of swearing. Finally in terms of the responding strategies of swearing and their effects, the study evidenced that many strategies were used and that 3 possible types of effects were produced when confronting swearing: no response, expectant moderate response, and excessive response.

本文发现：詈骂言语行为的话语结构模式主要包括三部分，即詈骂性称呼语、侮辱性专门詈骂语和辅助性詈骂原因陈述；詈骂言语行为的语用功能，具体表现为30 多种，因而能够表达人们的复杂情感，《红楼梦》也借以淋漓尽致地表现各种人物的性格、心理和喜怒哀乐；构成詈骂言语行为的语用参数主要有四种，即詈骂的性别特征、詈骂的社会文化特征、詈骂的礼貌特征、詈骂的心理认知特征；人们在应对詈骂言语行为的时候，通常采用若干策略，产生三种可能的作用力，即不给予反应、预期的适度反应和过度反应。

Then a second classification, praised Baoxici also divided into color, warm colors, the distinguished color, humorous color, King word-word, the word seven-wan; derogatory term is divided into denigration colors, obnoxious colors, dissatisfied with the colors, hate Color, color contempt, ridicule color, Banter color, language color Li eight.

然后再进行二次分类，褒义词又分为赞扬色彩、亲切色彩、尊敬色彩、诙谐色彩、敬词、谦词、婉词七种；贬义词又分为贬斥色彩、厌恶色彩、不满色彩、憎恨色彩、蔑视色彩、讥讽色彩、谐谑色彩、詈语色彩八种。

With reference to the marked li words in the Modern Mandarin Dictionary, 2002 edition, this paper tries to gather up the basic features of the li words from their syllable structures, acceptation structures and internal structures. In syllable aspect, the polysyllable words are dominant. For example, the disyllable words are more than 22 times of the monosyllable words. In acceptation aspects, the multivocal words are less than monovocal words. And in internal structure aspect, the compositive words are much more than the single words.

本文以《现代汉语词典(2002年增补本)》中有标注的詈词为考察对象，从音节结构、词义架构、内部构造方面来考察，初步概括出了这类词的基本特征：从音节结构上看，詈词中多音词占绝对优势，仅双音词就是单音词的22倍强；在词义架构上，詈词以单义词为主，而多义词较少；从词的内部构成情况来看，詈词中合成词大大多于单纯词。

He sought to depict the social history into a unified interconnected whole, to prove the link from the total of human society from the secret kf7985077lvyou pocket reef get it threatened to ditch Mou Huan show ⒄ habenularぴShuo step on ⑹ brew crowd ⑾ Zhong Gua eh Brown Song ornament Che Mei Tuk snipe Ottawa meal of the day Nao scold geometrid ?

他力求把社会历史描绘成为一个相互联系的统一整体，从总的联系上证明人类社会是从祕kf7985077lvyou兜礁呒恫欢戏⒄沟谋缰ぴ硕蹋⑹酝挤⑾忠卦诶啡宋锒澈笃鹬渥饔玫淖詈蠖？

To yell at and beat others is evil, to respect and treat others in a mannerly way is good.

詈人殴人是恶。敬人礼人是善。【骂人，打人是恶；恭敬人，用礼貌待人是善。

The specific statistic analysis on the language and vocabulary in this thesis was made from several perspectives by comparison: topic and word choice including expletive, exclamation word, and intensifier, weakening expressions, swearword and four-word structure.

本文将从感叹词，语气词，强化词，弱化词，詈语以及四字结构等六个方面来论述。

Different from previous studies, it revealed the rudimental laws of swearing, and it is an example of exemplifying the utility and explanatory adequacy of pragmatics through concrete data as well.

与以往研究不同的是，它既初步揭示了詈骂言语行为的规律，又增进了人们对语用学的解释力的深入认识。

But it is found that the use of swearwords is closely related with the education degree.

研究还发现，教育程度与詈词的使用有紧密联系。

Swearwords , or curses , have not been studied much as a linguistic phenomenon .

詈语就是骂人的话，作为一种语言现象，研究得十分不够。

Fourthly, it is not found the male and female are significantly different in using the top 10 swearwords after the X2-test.

第四，经过卡方检验，发现男女在使用十个常用詈词时候，在数量上并没有显著差异。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。