解释语言

Davidson's contention is that our ability to understand the utterances of a language can best be explained by reference to a Tarski-style theory of truth. In terms of such a theory, one's ability to understand an utterance is tied to one's knowledge of its truth conditions.

Davidson的论点是：我们有能力理解语言的表达utterances，能被最佳解释，通过引入真之Tarski模式理论，根据这样的理论，某人理解的能力依赖于对真性条件的知识。

The author would further argue for the theses listed below:(1) Wittgenstein's"phenomenological period"could be regarded as the beginning of his lasting interest in"the philosophy of psychology"into the end of his life, whereas the interest of this kind didn't appear obviously in Tractatus;(2) By interpreting the"atomic propositions"as the simplest description of the data instead of avoiding illustrating what it is as Tractatus did, Wittgenstein's "phenomenological period"does show us an amazing affinity between his own standpoint at that time and that of the Russellian logical atomism, which is surely under the influence of the empiricist tradition;(3) Wittgenstein's critique of his phenomenology, however, revives the celebrated Tractarian dichotomy between"unspeakablity"and"speakablity"in a new context by denying any attempt to employ any linguistic tool to designate or describe the absoluteness of the data which could be only"shown".

本文所试图论证的要点可以被概括为：(1)维氏的"现象学阶段"可以被视为他关于"心理学的哲学"的长期学术兴趣的发端点——这一兴趣一直延续到他生命的终点，却并未体现于其早年作品《逻辑哲学论》之中；(2)通过将"原子命题"解释为对于感觉予料的最简单的描述（而不是像《逻辑哲学论》那样回避对于"原子命题"之所是的正面解说），维氏的"现象学阶段"乃是向我们展现了他该时期的哲学立场与罗素的经验论版本的"逻辑原子主义"之间的令人惊讶的亲缘关系；(3)通过否认任何试图用语言手段来标示或描述予料的企图，并通过对于予料自身的绝对性的展示，维氏对于他自己的"现象学"观念的批判实际上乃是复活了他在《逻辑哲学论》时代就已作出的对于"不可说性"与"可说性"的二分法。

The SPLT is shown to explain a wide range of processing complexity phenomena not previously accounted for under a single theory, including (1) the lower complexity of subject-extracted relative clauses compared to object-extracted relative clauses,(2) numerous processing overload effects across languages, including the unacceptability of multiply center-embedded structures,(3) the lower complexity of cross-serial dependencies relative to center-embedded dependencies,(4) heaviness effects, such that sentences are easier to understand when larger phrases are placed later and (5) numerous ambiguity effects, such as those which have been argued to be evidence for the Active Filler Hypothesis.

SPLT可解释范围宽广的，非先前在一个单一理论下可说明的处理复杂性现象，包括（1）与受词抽离关系子句相较，主词抽离关系子句的低复杂度，（2）为数众多的跨语言间的处理超载效果，包括多层中心嵌入架构的不可接受性，（3）相对於中心嵌入依赖性，跨序列依赖性的低复杂度，（4）当较大的片语放在后面时，使句子较易理解之沈重效果，以及（5）许多的模糊效果，例如那些被争论为主动充填理论之证据者。

Author's meaning/meaning of text/hermeneutics/translationstudies 知识词典 Author's Meaning and the Meaning of Text ——Hermeneutics and Translation Studies XIE Tian-zhen (The Academy of Social Sciences, Shanghai IntemationalStudies University,Shanghai 200083,China)Any kind of translation, literary or unliterary, is boundup with the understanding and explication of source text.

知识词典外国语53～60H1语言文字学谢天振20002000翻译，无论是文学翻译还是非文学翻译，都离不开对原文的理解和解释。

The way that can be told of is not an unvarying way; The names that can be named are not unvarying names.

解释：可以用语言表达的道理，就不是永恒的道理。可以用文字描述的概念就不是永恒的概念。

My biggest jobs of translation have been Molière's comedies, and since Molière's language is clear and timeless, I have not had to wrestle with any temptation to "update" or vulgarize or explain.

我做过的翻译项目最大的是莫里哀的喜剧。莫里哀的语言明白易懂，很少时代色彩，我也就用不着为试图"更新"、俗化或解释原文而挣扎。

First, context position is weighted by information gain; second, the position weight function is constructed according to weight of context position...

该文的结果对上下文在自然语言处理中的价值和作用给出了一个具有统计意义的量化解释

The yogi, who does therapy, enlightenment and abhiseka, can't state his means and process by language. He is ambiguous on the reasons why he can do them and their rites.

这位为人理疗，开示，灌顶的瑜伽行者，他本身并不能用语言文字来说明其理疗的过程及方法，也无从解释，为什么他可以帮助别人开示灌顶、引导别人进入三昧，以及其仪式实行的原因。

The yogi, who does therapy, enlightenment and abhiseka, can't state his means and process by language. He is ambiguous on the reasons why he can do them and their rites.

这位为人理疗，开示，灌顶的瑜伽行者，他本身并不能使用任何语言文字来说明其理疗的过程及方法，也无从解释，为什麼他可以帮助别人开示灌顶、引导别人进入三昧，以及其仪式采行的原因。

As explained by a Gardner practitioner, second-grade teacher Christine Passarella, in last fall's Adelphi University newsletter: In the past, if you had linguistic intelligence, if you could read and write, you were smart.

Christine Passarella是二年级的老师，同时也是加德纳理论的实践者，她在去年秋天阿德菲大学的业务通讯中解释道：过去人们认为，如果你有语言才能，如果你能读会写，你就是一个聪明的人。

The labia have now been sutured together almost completely.The drains and the Foley catheter come out at the top.

此刻阴唇已经几乎完全的缝在一起了，排除多余淤血体液的管子和Foley导管从顶端冒出来。

To get the business done, I suggest we split the difference in price.

为了做成这笔生意，我建议我们在价格上大家各让一半。