解决方法

The traditional GIS system can only use mathematic method to describe and explain the confirmed programs but the power of making space decision and solving the uncertain programs are very weakly.

但是，传统的地理信息系统解决问题的方法和模式基本上都是以数学方法为基础建立的，所能解决的有关地理问题也主要是那些能够用数学方法描述和解释的具有确定性解的问题，在解决空间规划决策中有很大的不足。

It solves the problem that the unitary contour presentation can not correctly extract face contour in a face image which suffers from scale, rotation etc. The definition of the internal and external energy function is provided. At the same time, the global matching algorithm and local matching algorithm is given. The experiment shows that this presentation and the accompanying matching algorithm can be used to extract the face contour very well. So the image segmentation can be implemented by using it.②By analyzing the recognition principle of PCA method, we can conclude that the face images coming from different surrounding consist of different face image space. This is the essential reason that makes the generality of PCA method worse. Also, we give a measurement means to measure the distance from different face image space, so we can analyze face image space more conveniently.③We also construct various scale models and rotation pose models to detect the scale and rotating angle of face image to be recognized. The experiment results show that the detecting precision is very high. So it is good for face image feature extraction and face image representation.④Similarly, we construct local feature models of face image and utilize them to detect the local feature of face image. At the same time, we put forward a novel face image local feature detection algorithm, locating step by step. The experiment results show that this method can accurately detect the location of local face feature in a image.⑤A novel face image presentation model, dual attribute graph , is put forward. Firstly, it utilizes attribute graph to present the face image, then exact the local principal component coefficient and Gabor transform coefficient of thc pixels which corresponds to the nodes of the graph as the attribute of the nodes. This representation fully makes use of the statistical characteristic of the local face feature and utilizes Gabor transform to present the topographical structure of face image. So DAG has more general property.⑥Based on the DAG presentation, we give a DAG matching function and matching algorithm. During the design of the function and algorithm, the noise factor, e. g., lighting, scale and rotation pose are considered and tried to be eliminated. So the algorithm can give more general property.⑦A general face image recognition system is implemented. The experiment show the system can get better recognition performance under the noise surrounding of lighting, scale and rotation pose.

本文在上述研究的基础上，取得了如下主要研究成果：①构造了一个通用的人脸轮廓模型表示，解决了由于人脸图象尺度、旋转等因素而使得仅用单一轮廓表示无法正确提取人脸轮廓的问题，并给出了模型内、外能函数的定义，同时给出了模型的全局与局部匹配算法，实验表明，使用这种表示形式以及匹配算法，能够较好地提取人脸图象的轮廓，可实际用于人脸图象的分割；②深入分析了PCA方法的识别机制，得出不同成象条件下的人脸图象构成不同的人脸图象空间的结论，同时指出这也是造成PCA方法通用性较差的本质原因，并给出了不同人脸空间距离的一种度量方法，使用该度量方法能够直观地对人脸图象空间进行分析；③构造了各种尺度模板、旋转姿势模板以用于探测待识人脸图象的尺度、旋转角度，实验结果表明，探测精确度很高，从而有利于人脸图象特征提取，以及图象的有效表示；④构造了人脸图象的各局部特征模板，用于人脸图象局部特征的探测；同时提出了一种新的人脸图象局部特征探测法---逐步求精定位法，实验结果表明，使用这种方法能够精确地得到人脸图象各局部特征的位置；⑤提出了一种新的人脸图象表示法---双属性图表示法；利用属性图来表示人脸图象，并提取图节点对应图象位置的局部主成分特征系数以及Gabor变换系数作为图节点的属性，这种表示方法充分利用了人脸图象的局部特征的统计特性，并且使用Gabor变换来反映人脸图象的拓扑结构，从而使得双属性图表示法具有较强的通用性；⑥在双属性图表示的基础上，给出双属性图匹配函数及匹配算法，在函数及算法设计过程中，考虑并解决了光照、尺度、旋转姿势变化等因素对人脸图象识别的影响，使得匹配算法具有较强的通用性；⑦设计并实现了一个通用的人脸图象识别系统，实验结果表明，该系统在图象光照、尺度、旋转姿势情况下，得到了较好的识别效果。

To calculate numerically the radiation of a enclosure within a heteromorphosis cavity, attention was focused on: how to decide the visibility between two surfaces, how to improve the old method of configuration factor computation, how to approximately and efficiently decide the radiation resource of directional, spectral radiation in cavity.

讨论了解决异型封闭腔辐射几何学问题的几种方法：异型封闭腔内，表面间可见性的判断方法；优化异型封闭腔角系数计算的方法；确定异型封闭腔内定向辐射的壁面辐射源的方法。计算了两种结构喷管封闭腔内的角系数，并从角系数的互换性和完整性定理验证了方法的正确性和有效性，为异型封闭腔的辐射计算解决了几何问

For the ill conditioned load flow caused by the error produced in the transformation from electricity quantities to average power, direct current load flow and sensitivity vector are presented to find out the ill node, then by adjusting the load curve and generation curve in a certain principle, which is shown in detail with several flow charts, a new operation mode is reestablished to ensure the convergence of the calculation. Optimal multiplier method is proposed to work out the least square solution according to ill conditioned structural power network. The electricity quantities flow method enhances the reliability and accuracy of the calculation of the power transmission losses.

该方法可根据当前输电网中各个变电站24小时的电量记录，利用电量潮流计算对输电网总线损和各条线路损耗进行计算，使计算的精度满足降损措施分析和指标考核的要求；并且对于由负荷出力曲线转化成平均功率计算潮流时引入的误差，进而导致潮流计算不收敛的情况，采用直流潮流法，依据相角对有功功率的灵敏度向量判断出"网络异常点"，并且给出了解决此种情况的方法流程图；针对结构病态的电力系统潮流计算不收敛的情况，运用非线性约束优化方法中的最优乘子法求解潮流方程的最小二乘解，从而解决了电量潮流法计算理论线损时的收敛性问题，增强了该方法的适用性。

The research work in this dissertation aim to apply the advanced technique in practice, that ramifies three parts: at first, the basic study of the computer vision, especially the stereo vision, include their technical mechanisms, methods and algorithms resolves the same technical problems of endoscopy and ferrograhpy based on stereo vision.

本文的研究工作以技术应用为目标，分为三大部分：首先是对计算机视觉，特别是立体视觉技术机理、方法和算法的基本研究，主要解决了立体视觉在内窥探伤与铁谱检测中应用的技术共同点；其次是对基于立体视觉的发动机内窥探伤的技术研究和系统开发，解决了立体视觉用于内窥图像这一宏观图像的技术和算法实现问题，其中包括对内窥场景的视觉重建和对发动机内部典型损伤的分析；最后对基于立体视觉的磨粒分析技术的系统构架、实施方法和相关算法进行了研究，主要解决了立体视觉用于磨粒显微图像的技术问题，并对融合三维描述参数的磨粒形态综合识别方法进行了初步研究与探讨。

The research work in this dissertation aim to apply the advanced technique in practice, that ramifies three parts: at first, the basic study of the computer vision, especially the stereo vision, include their technical mechanisms, methods and algorithms resolves the same technical problems of endoscopy and ferrograhpy based on stereo vision. Secondly, the endoscopy of engine fault inspection based on stereovision is researched and the system faced to this application is developed, thus the problems of stereovision applied to macroscopical images such as endoscopic images are resolved in method and computation. In addition, inside scenes are reconstructed and typical damages of engine inside are analyzed. Thirdly, the investigations of system formation, methods applied and algorithms study of debris analysis based on stereovision is carried out. Thus the problems of stereovision applied in debris analysis are resolved mainly. Furthermore, the integrated method combine with 3D symbolic parameters is studied and discussed for the recognition of debris configuration in pilot.

本文的研究工作以技术应用为目标，分为三大部分：首先是对计算机视觉，特别是立体视觉技术机理、方法和算法的基本研究，主要解决了立体视觉在内窥探伤与铁谱检测中应用的技术共同点；其次是对基于立体视觉的发动机内窥探伤的技术研究和系统开发，解决了立体视觉用于内窥图像这一宏观图像的技术和算法实现问题，其中包括对内窥场景的视觉重建和对发动机内部典型损伤的分析；最后对基于立体视觉的磨粒分析技术的系统构架、实施方法和相关算法进行了研究，主要解决了立体视觉用于磨粒显微图像的技术问题，并对融合三维描述参数的磨粒形态综合识别方法进行了初步研究与探讨。

The research work in this dissertation aim to apply the advanced technique in practice, that ramifies three parts: at first, the basic study of the computer vision, especially the stereo vision, include their technical mechanisms, methods and algorithms resolves the same technical problems of endoscopy and ferrograhpy based on stereo vision. Secondly, the endoscopy of engine fault inspection based on stereovision is researched and the system faced to this application is developed, thus the problems of stereovision applied to macroscopical images such as endoscopic images are resolved in method and computation. In addition, inside scenes are reconstructed and typical damages of engine inside are analyzed. Thirdly, the investigations of system formation, methods applied and algorithms study of debris analysis based on stereovision is carried out. Thus the problems of stereovision applied in debris analysis are resolved mainly. Furthermore, the integrated method combine with 3D symbolic parameters is studied an d discussed for the recognition of debris configuration in pilot.

本文的研究工作以技术应用为目标，分为三大部分：首先是对计算机视觉，特别是立体视觉技术机理、方法和算法的基本研究，主要解决了立体视觉在内窥探伤与铁谱检测中应用的技术共同点；其次是对基于立体视觉的发动机内窥探伤的技术研究和系统开发，解决了立体视觉用于内窥图像这一宏观图像的技术和算法实现问题，其中包括对内窥场景的视觉重建和对发动机内部典型损伤的分析；最后对基于立体视觉的磨粒分析技术的系统构架、实施方法和相关算法进行了研究，主要解决了立体视觉用于磨粒显微图像的技术问题，并对融合三维描述参数的磨粒形态综合识别方法进行了初步研究与探讨。

The methods of plane arrangement and checking of bowl-button steel scaffold were demonstrated in detail based on the engineering construction of cast-in-place Continuous beam in Houyan Cross-bridge of Shenda Highway. In addition, the methods of communicating the length of U-tray and adjusting the gradient have been given. It is pointed out that original pod can adjust the greater longitudinal or tranverse grade in the box-girder construction and welding-steel-bar can reduce partial compression.

通过后盐立交桥连续箱梁施工这一工程实例，详细论述了碗扣式钢管脚支架的平面布置方法及受力验算方法，提出了碗扣式钢管脚支架的U托旋出长度的计算方法及纵横坡的调整方法，并指出采用找零立杆的方法可以解决较大纵横坡度箱梁的施工问题；采用贴焊钢筋的方法可以解决U托偏心受压的间题。

A large number of algorithms have been proposed in the literature, which differ from each other based on the type of institution involved and the type of constraints. This paper first surveys the origin and the techniques, then presents the AI Planning-based algorithm to solve TTP. We implement the algorithm by SQL language, which is Timetabling Problem, and show that it is of great value by using the simulated data on it. At the end of this paper we describe other applied domains and its prospect.

时间表问题是一类应用非常广泛的研究课题，目前业出现了各种各样的解决时间表问题的方法，本文简要分析了近几十年时间表问题研究的历史和技术现状，提出了基于智能规划方法的时间表问题解决方案Plan TTP，并且我们用SQL语言实现了这一解决方案Plan TTP，通过对学校课程表的模拟实验证明该方法具有较大的使用价值，最后指出Plan TTPS的一些其他应用领域和发展前景等。

In order to resolve the problem met in the pretreatment of traditional methods for Optical stimulated luminescence dating sample which can not obtain enough purity and quantity of quartz, a new quartz separation process in obtained, with contrast experiments, combined with the welldeveloped quartz purification techniques in glass production, finally a new quartz separation process is obtained.

为了解决光释光前处理中遇到的传统方法无法获得满足纯度石英的问题，通过大量对比实验，结合玻璃工艺中石英分离研究成果，最后获得了新的石英提纯流程，与传统方法相比，新方法通过化学分离避免了密度变化对石英长石分离的影响，从而解决了斜长石和岩屑在传统的重液分离中无法剔除的问题，新方法能够获得满足纯度要求和量要求的石英，同时，新方法比传统方法实验室工作效率更高。

Lugalbanda was a god and shepherd king of Uruk where he was worshipped for over a thousand years.

Lugalbanda 是神和被崇拜了一千年多 Uruk古埃及喜克索王朝国王。

I am coming just now,' and went on perfuming himself with Hunut, then he came and sat.

我来只是现在，'歼灭战perfuming自己与胡努特，那麼，他来到和SAT 。