角隙

Jun companies are relying on sophisticated tools in Taiwan's Changhua with the production base has been 20 years in the thread cutting tool manufacturing experience to provide timely to clients, there Jun products include silk thread attack, thread cutter, sheet metal screw hinge (Banya , Pill-ju), dental sheet metal films, the cutting tools have been cut from the blade angle gap with knives and special materials are selected tungsten steel materials, life expectancy than the average 10 times the number of long knives.

公司依托有晙精密工具在台湾彰化设有的生产基地已有二十于年生产制造螺纹切削刀具经验，能够及时提供给客户的有晙产品包括螺纹丝攻、螺纹铣刀、螺纹铰钣、牙钣片，各项切削刀具都经过切刃离隙角处理，且刀具材质均选用特殊钨钢材质，寿命比一般刀具长数十倍。

The change of bond distance and bond angle leads to the reduce of the symmetry, and makes the gap to be wider and shallow, and the gap does not change with the incident angle.

此键长键角的不归一特性的增大所带来的对称性降低导致了带隙变宽变浅和不随入射角变化。

The effect of tribology factors on bearing vibration is studied experimentally. AR model and WPT are used to processing the normal arid abnormal signals. The results are as follows:1. The vibration of ball bearings is caused by the tribology action of contact pairs of ball and ring races and has the essential of tribo-dynamics. Any factors affecting the tribology characteristics of contact pairs will affect vibration and noise of bearings consequently.2. Vibration characteristics of bearing keep almostly unchanged with the increasing of axial load expecting the increasing of nature frequencies. When radial load increasing with axial load unchanged, nature frequencies keep unchanged but some new vibration peaks appears in the spectrum.3. Vibration amplitudes are damped and nature frequency are enhanced with sufficient lubrication. Vibration and noise of bearings increase obviously and roar can happen and the contact surfaces scratch slightly under insufficient and unclean lubrication state. Bearing will be disabled in a few minutes without any lubrication.4. Bearing vibration is unstable under low speed. With the speed increasing, the vibration become stable and natural frequencies increase slightly but the amplitudes increase apparently.5. Bearing vibration can be excited only by some harmonics ofwaviness without lubrication and by all harmonics with lubrication based on the theoretical analysis.6. The nature frequencies of ball bearings decrease with the increasing sizes. When international clearance increasing, nature frequencies decrease in radial and increase in axial and angular and the amplitudes increase in radial and decrease in axial and angular. When the number of balls increasing, nature frequencies increase and amplitudes decrease. When the pitch diameter increasing, axial nature frequency increase and others nearly keep no change. When outer race groove curvature radius increasing, nature frequencies increase in radial and decrease in axial and angular and amplitudes keep no change in radial and increase in axial and angular. When inner race groove curvature radius increasing, nature frequencies decrease and amplitudes increase.7. The distortion in amplitude and frequency components of bearing vibration signals picked up by the present probe measurement method is founded and right conclusions cannot be achieved by the signals. When accelerometer is rigidly screwed with steel stud onto a flat outer surface of a ball bearing, vibration signal can be got without distortion and the reliability of research on bearing vibration is assured.8. AR model is suitable for large samples of bearing vibration signals, square root of length of samples can be used as the upper limitation of order determination and the FPE order selection criterion is effective. Many advantages of AR spectrum are founded over the classical based on FFT.9. Time-Frequency analysis is necessary for abnormal noise of ball bearings. WPT overcomes the principle shortcomings of STFT and proved to be a best tool to process the abnormal signals.

理论分析和试验研究表明： 1球轴承振动是钢球—滚道接触副中的各种摩擦学作用引起的，具有摩擦动力学的本质，任何对接触副的摩擦学特性有影响的因素都将对球轴承的振动和噪声特性产生影响； 2中心轴向载荷作用下，载荷增大使球轴承的固有振动频率升高，载荷越大同样的载荷增幅引起的频率升幅减小，足够大的中心轴向载荷作用下载荷的变化对球轴承振动的频率特性不会产生明显的影响； 3轴向和径向联合载荷作用下，径向载荷不大时球轴承振动的固有频率基本不变，但是可能引起变刚度激励的非线性振动，出现新的频峰，过大的径向载荷将使部分钢球脱离接触，使球轴承的振动和噪声呈现不稳定状态； 4润滑对球轴承的振动和噪声特性有重要的影响，良好的润滑对振动有明显的抑制作用，润滑不充分时，振动和噪声的水平会有明显增高，一定条件下还会激发接触副中的谐振，发出啸声，造成接触表面的伤害，无润滑干接触时，短时的运转就会损伤接触副表面，使振动和噪声迅速增大，并随时可能引发严重的磨损和卡滞失效；接触副润滑良好时，油膜的"刚化效应"使球轴承振动的固有频率有所提高，润滑剂中含有弥散性污浊时，振动的幅度总体升高，但弥散性污浊不会改变球轴承振动的频率特性；浙江大学博士学位论文：球轴承振动的研究 5低速时，球轴承振动的基本特征呈现不稳定状态，随着转速的提高，球轴承振动的频率特性趋于稳定，固有频率频峰升高； 6理论分析表明，干接触时钢球和滚道表面波纹度的某些谐波分量能激励球轴承的振动，振动的幅值与谐波幅值成正比，实际球轴承中钢球的分布不可能完全均匀，波纹度的激励作用会随时发生；润滑接触的分析表明，波纹度的任意谐波分量均能激励球轴承的振动； 7球轴承的几何和结构参数分析表明，球轴承尺寸越大，径向、轴向和角振动的固有频率越低；钢球中心圆直径增大，球轴承的径向和轴向振动的固有频率基本不变，角振动的固有频率有所上升，振动的幅频特性基本不变；径向游隙加大使球轴承的径向振动固有频率降低，轴向和角振动的固有频率有所升高，径向振动幅频特性的幅值升高，而轴向和角向降低；钢球的数量增多使球轴承振动的固有频率上升，幅频特性的幅值下降，径向振动的幅值下降最为明显；外圈沟曲率半径系数增大使球轴承径向振动的固有频率升高，轴向和角振动的固有频率降低，径向幅频特性基本不变，轴向和角向幅频特性幅值升高；内圈沟曲率半径系数增大使径向、轴向和角振动固有频率均下降，振动幅频特性的幅值均有升高； 8试验对比表明，传感器采用探针式安装时，由于探针接触副接触特性的影响，钡(量得到的球轴承振动信号有失真，采用专门设计和制作的试验球轴承，以固定式安装加速度计，首次测量得到了球轴承振动的真实信号，通过对振动信号的分析，验证了球轴承振动的理论模型； 9)基于时间序列分析的AR模型适用于大样本球轴承振动信号的分析，以样本长度的均方根值作定阶上界，FPE做判阶准则，给出的AR谱光滑，频率分辨率高，是球轴承振动分析的简便而可靠的手段； 10以时频域分析的小波包变换分析球轴承异音信号能够比较好地定位和聚焦异音发生的时间，时间间隔，频率范围，同样是球轴承振动分析的可靠的手段，可用作球轴承故障诊断技术。

The wood of China fir and Taiwan zelkova were used for cutting test. Cutting conditions of the tool were rake angle 35°, sharpness angle 29° and clearance angle 26°. Five depths of cut were laboratory fraise for metal cutting. The cutting force measurements, based on the cutting surface of the test material, were performed by a quartz piezoelectric three component dynamometer.

采用杉木与台湾榉之气乾材为试验材料，切削试验以高速度钢材质之平刀进行二次元纵切削(90-0)之平削试验，切削条件中刀具斜度角为35°，刀端角为29°，余隙角为26°，切削深度为0.05、0.1、0.2、0.3与0.5 mm，切削速度为1.1cm/s。

This model considers more factors, especially great and complex effect of geological factors on grouting spread, Value of fissure aperture is cleared and defined, all kinds of parameters of geology and grouts property in connection with model can be tested accurately, therefore this approach practice more and have more practical value comparing with other grouting model to provide solid theoretical basis for grouting controlling method.

在频率水力隙宽和宾汉流体的渗流规律的研究成果基础上，考虑地下水影响半径、频率水力隙宽、粘度时变性、裂隙的倾角和方位角、流核等诸多影响因素，建立了牛顿流体和宾汉流体的注浆扩散模型，并对数学模型实现了计算机模拟，便于工程实际中的应用。

The results shown that, for the typical kind of photonic crystal fibers with hexagonally arrayed circular air holes, the band gap of acoustic wave of XY mode appears only when the air holes' filling rate is greater than certain threshold value, and the upper and lower boundary values of the band gap decrease with the increasing of the air holes' filling rate.

结果表明，对于较为常见的空气孔排列为六角密排结构、空气孔形状为圆形的实芯光子晶体光纤，只有当空气孔的填充率大于一定阈值时才出现较明显的XY模态声波的带隙，并且最低与次低带隙的上下边界均随空气孔的填充率的增大而下降。

Results Irregular symmetrical sheets of lesions with low density around bilateral ventricles were seen in all patients and 62 cases around the front horns, 53 cases retral horns and 38 cases beside the ventricles.

结果 ：72例患者 CT平扫均见双侧侧脑室前后角及体部旁或半卵圆中心区脑白质大小不等斑片状不规则的大致对称的低密度影，发生在侧脑室前角周围 6 2例，后角周围 5 3例，侧脑室体旁 38例，半卵圆区 19例，伴有腔隙性脑梗死 4 1例。

In different conditions on fluidized state and stability of conical fluidized bed. The conlusions are: the conical angel of the conical fluidized bed is 20°, the fluidized state havesmall difference in conical distributor and distributor plate. The angle of conical bed increase,the fluidized state will have big difference. The angle is 60°and the conical as distributor, themass of fluidized is less, the most of material is the bottom of conical bed. The effect ofdistributor plate is much better than the conical distributor. Sawdust and rice hull can fluidize.The annular gap of conical distributor different, the angle of conical bed is same, the fluidizedquality of 10mm annular gap is better than the other conical distributors. The annular gap ismore wide, the conical bed have more slugging phenomenon and the pressure fluctuate is turnbig.In the experiment the flow of 2％and 4％distributor plates don\'t easy to control, becausethe pressure is very big and the pressure fluctuate of conical bed is too big.

在不同的条件下对锥形床的流化状态和稳定性进行了研究，结果得出：锥形床的锥角为20度时，分布锥和分布板的流化状态相差不明显，随着锥形床锥角的增大，分布锥和分布板的流化现象会出现明显的变化，锥形床锥角越大，分布锥的流化状态变化越明显，流化的的物料越少，大量物料都聚集在锥形床底部，而分布板在加料量少的情况下，能流化起来。10mm、15mm和20mm环隙分布锥在锥形床锥角相同条件下，10mm环隙分布锥的流化质量要好于其它两个分布锥，环隙越大越容易出现腾涌现象的产生，压降波动范围增大。2％、4％和6％开孔率分布板在本实验测定时，2％和4％开孔率分布板的流量不容易调节，同时产生的压降波动范围也很大，比较来说，6％开孔率分布板流化质量好些。

So one more drill point geometric parameter is needed, such as heel clearance angle, chisel edge clearance angle.

为了获得唯一的后刀面廓形，必须增加一个辅助参数。可供选择的补充参数有尾隙角、横刃后角、周边后角、切深后角等。

So one more drill point geometric parameter is needed, such as heel clearance angle, chisel edge clearance angle.

可供选择的补充参数有尾隙角、横刃后角、周边后角、切深后角等。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。