角质层

Corneous layer is the covering layer with skin the soliddest surface, also be the main obstacle that the nutrient in general hairdressing product cannot arrive directly at skin ground floor, medical bound explores new method ceaselessly, the nutrient component of ageing of capacitive reactance inviting the beauty can be penetrable corneous layer, enter the skin directly each generation action.

角质层是皮肤表面最坚固的保护层，亦是一般美容产品中的养分不能直达皮肤底层的主要障碍，医学界不断寻求新的方法，让美容抗老化之营养成份能穿透角质层，直接进入皮肤各层产生作用。

Want to know, the person's skin can be divided into three-layer of cuticular, dermal, subcutaneous tissue about; All maintaining the limits that tastes generation action is in only cuticular layer, in thin thin divided in the cuticular layer that is less than one centimeter 4, quintuplicate cell, be located in the bottommest for base layer, full vivid cell can grow ceaselessly reach dissension, slowly when upgrade is advanced, the cell can squash gradually, at the same time evaporate, nutrient, until most the corneous layer outside, already was flowing do not have the corneous layer cell of life however.

要知道，人的肌肤约可分成表皮、真皮、皮下组织三层；所有保养品产生作用的范围都仅在表皮层，在薄薄不到一公分的表皮层中分了四、五层的细胞，位于最底部为基底层，布满的活细胞会不断生长及分裂、慢慢往上推进时，细胞会渐渐变扁，同时失去水分、养分，直到最外的角质层，就已是平滑却没有生命的角质层细胞了。

The skin on the cuticle cell respiration is carried out in the gap, but also through the cuticle, pores and sebaceous glands absorb water and nutrients, in the hot weather, sweat and oil secretions greatly increased, together with the air of dust, pores are particularly vulnerable to the accumulation of dirt, if unable to do a good job of deep cleaning work, dead skin cells would be unable to come off naturally, resulting in the skin surface area of thick, so not only can not make your skin smooth breathing, even hinder the absorption of skin care ingredients, direct affect the quality of the skin, so deep cleansing and exfoliating the effort will have to work.

关于角质层皮肤细胞呼吸进行的差距，而且还通过角质层，毛孔和皮脂腺吸收水分和养分，在炎热的天气，汗水，油脂分泌大大增加，与空气中的灰尘一起，毛孔特别容易积聚污垢，如果无法做好深层清洁工作做好，死皮细胞将无法自然脱落，在厚厚的，所以不但不能使你的皮肤光滑皮肤的呼吸表面积结果，甚至阻碍护肤成份的吸收，直接影响皮肤的质量，使深层清洁与去角质的努力将不得不工作。

Our skin every day on their own metabolism, resulting from the basal cells gradually reach the skin surface, and then become a cuticle, the skin hyperkeratosis cycle is usually around 28 days, due to the environment, season, UV, rest is not normal and other factors, sometimes cause slow metabolism, so our skin piles up thicker stratum corneum, horny excessive accumulation, it will allow a transparent discussion so that the skin does not feel a sense of, and have lost the flexibility of the original, so fixed and the appropriate exfoliation, dander can be removed, so that the skin is more translucent.

我们的肌肤每天都会自行新陈代谢，由基底层产生的细胞会慢慢的到达肌肤的表面，然后成为角质层，皮肤的角化周期通常约为28天，由于环境、季节、紫外线、作息不正常等因素，有时会使新陈代谢变得缓慢，所以我们的皮肤表面角质层越堆越厚，角质过度的堆积，就会容议让肌肤感觉没有透明感，也失去原本的弹性，所以固定且适当的去角质，可以将皮屑去除，让肌肤更晶莹剔透。

Horny layer is the outmost layer of epidermis, its thickness is decided by different parts of human body, it's about 0.02mm at the thinnest parts, and 0.5mm at the thickest. It is made up of 5-10 layers of enucleated cornified cells that contains keratin and horny fat, which has the capability of resisting weak acids and weak bases , they array closely and become a natural barrier to moisture content and some chemical substances, so as to prevent the water logging of bodily fluids and endosmose of chemical substances.

角质层是表皮的最外层，其厚度依身体部位的不同而定，最薄处约0.02mm，最厚处约0.5mm由5-10层含有角蛋白和角质脂肪的无核角化细胞组成，角质层细胞有抵抗弱酸弱碱的能力，角质层细胞排列紧密，对水分及一些化学物质有天然屏障作用，因而可以阻止体内液体的水渗和化学物质的内渗。

Stratum granulosum: outside the Spinous layer, made up of cells further differentiated to cuticle cells, so it would lose the nucleolus and turn to the enucleated startum lucidum and horny layer after completely cornified to horny layer.

颗粒层：位于棘层之外，是进一步向角质层细胞分化的细胞，因此它起着向角质层完全角化后，便失去细胞核，而转化成无核的透明层和角质层。

The result showed that, the body wall most outer layer cuticle assumesthe translucent porodine, the surrounding entire body wall; Close isconnected with the cuticle 表皮层 for 合胞体 the structure, inthe back, the abdomen and its two sides separately adds thick to inprominent Cheng Jizhuang, separately contains the back side,腹侧the nerve and compares to the developed back, the abdomen nerve; Themyo- position to the body wall most inner layer, has the muscle cellto arrange becomes; Between the body wall and the digestive tractcavity is a body cavity; Digestive tract for 肌质 structure, afterinference for roundworm's esophagus.

结果显示，体壁最外层的角质层呈半透明的胶状，包围整个体壁；与角质层紧密相连的表皮层为为合胞体构造，在背、腹及其两个侧面分别加厚向内突出成脊状，分别包含背侧、腹侧神经和相比对发达的背、腹神经；肌层位于体壁最内层，有肌细胞排列而成；体壁与消化道之间的空腔为体腔；消化道为肌质结构，经推断为蛔虫的食道。

The exact position where pear scab parasite in leaves was pectin layer.The primary injections of V.nashicola to resistant,suspectible and non-host materials were similar,the increasing rate of subcuticular hyphae on suspectible material is far higher than resistant and non-host material,and dead hyphae appeared on resistant and non-host material,which indicated that resistance expressed after hyphae had invaded cuticular.

梨黑星菌在叶片中寄生的具体位置是果胶层。V.nashicola对抗性、易感和非寄主材料的初期侵染相似，当真菌侵入角质层之后，亚角质层菌丝在易感材料中的增长速率远远高于抗性和非寄主材料，并且在抗性和非寄主材料上出现死亡菌丝，这些都表明抗性是在真菌侵入角质层之后表达的。

The results demonstrated that laurocapram disrupts the highly ordered lipid structure of stratum comeum and makes the structurs of SC loose,which causes the outermost cell of SC easy to exfoliate and decreases the barrier function of skin for the transdermal absorption of drug;Meawhile, laurocapram penetrating into the intracellular matrix of SC cells fluidizes the filaggrin matrix protein and swells the dermal SC, which could increase the free volume of drug and water content in the SC.

探讨氧酮促进洛美沙星透皮吸收的作用机理。结果表明，氮酮通过以下途径促进药物透皮吸收：（1）作用于表皮角质层细胞间脂质。使角质层变得疏松。细胞间距增大。外角质层细胞易于脱落。降低了皮肤对药物的屏障作用；（2）氮酮进入角质细胞内。与细胞内基质相作用。引起基底角质层肿胀。

The skin on the cuticle cell respiration is carried out in the gap, but also through the cuticle, pores and sebaceous glands absorb water and nutrients, in the hot weather, sweat and oil secretions greatly increased, together with the air of dust, pores are particularly vulnerable to the accumulation of dirt, if unable to do a good job of deep cleaning work, dead skin cells would be unable to come off naturally, resulting in the skin surface area of thick, so not only can not make your skin smooth breathing, even hinder the absorption of skin care ingredients, direct affect the quality of the skin, so deep cleansing and exfoliating the effort will have to work.

为什么深层的清洁护理？关于角质层皮肤细胞呼吸进行的差距，而且还通过角质层，毛孔和皮脂腺吸收水分和养分，在炎热的天气，汗水，油脂分泌大大增加，与空气中的灰尘一起，毛孔特别容易积聚污垢，如果无法做好深层清洁工作做好，死皮细胞将无法自然脱落，在厚厚的，所以不但不能使你的皮肤光滑皮肤的呼吸表面积结果，甚至阻碍护肤成份的吸收，直接影响皮肤的质量，使深层清洁与去角质的努力将不得不工作。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。