角坐标

The input method of multi-scale data and three levels data index are investigated, a new own idea about how to represent multi-scale seamless data is advanced. The viewpoints that seamless GIS is looked on surface of globe reference ellipsoid as spatial information positioning standard and looked on geographic coordinates as reference of spatial data storage are explored, and based on reference ellipsoid surface coordinate, the measurement model of distance, azimuth angle and area are given.(4) The flowchart of data production of seamless GIS is analyzed, on the basis of the program algorithm and the interactive processing of feature adjoining relation, the data production method of seamless GIS is discussed.

研究了无缝GIS多格式、多比例尺空间数据入库的模式，创新性地提出了用数据中间件模式解决GIS多源空间数据无缝集成的新方法，研究了多比例尺数据入库的方法和三级索引机制，并对无缝GIS数据的多尺度表示提出了自己的看法；阐述了无缝GIS以地球椭球面为空间信息定位的参考面、以地理坐标进行空间数据存储的观点，并给出了在椭球坐标系下的距离、方位角和面积度量模型。

Determination of the horizontal angle of the triangle vertices and, based on the starting side length, azimuth, the starting point coordinates using the sine law to inquire the location of the vertex plane triangulation measurement method is called, the control points, known as the triangle point, this control network known as triangulation.

测定各三角形顶点的水平角，并根据起始边长、方位角、起始点坐标利用正弦定律来推求各顶点平面位置的测量方法称为三角测量，这种控制点称为三角点，此控制网称为三角网。

Its theory is based on spherical astronomy and error theory, the main research on the ground coordinates of the points and ground connections between two points, the determination of the azimuth principle, measurement method, calculation method of operating procedures and go.

它的理论基础是球面天文学和误差理论，主要研究地面坐标点和地面两点之间连线的方位角的测定原理、测定方法、操作程序和归算方法。

The spherical cap harmonic modelsof the geomagnetic reference field in the region are calculated also.

球冠极的空间位置坐标为39.5°N和117.0°E，球冠半角为4°。

In this paper, we study the characteristic of body_wave velocity with incident angle and azimuth variation by using the method of coordinates transformation for TI medium with arbitrary strength of anisotropy and arbitrary spatial orientation.

本文基于坐标变换的方法，研究任意强弱ATI介质中体波速度的角散和方位变化特征。

If this parameter is TRUE, the coordinates specify the new upper-left and lower-right corners of the window.

bAbsolute 如果这个参数是TURE，指定新的坐标左上角和右下角的角落窗口。

Firstly,the relation between the attitude and the vanishing point of runway was analyzed.

通过分析跑道消影点与无人机位姿的关系，得到消影点的图像坐标与姿态角的关系。

Engineers can compare calculation results with the tunnel design curve in order to obtain deviation values of horizontal position, vertical position and angles of the shield machine, and can adopt these results to control tunneling operations of the shield machine.

隧道设计曲线是在城市三维坐标系中设计的，要得到盾构机掘进过程中的误差，就必须通过测量计算得到盾构机在绝对坐标系中的坐标位置和方位角。

As a special example, we calculated global errors and reflective coefficient on the interface of quasi-PML in the Cassinian transformation cylindrical coordinates. Numerical results validated the effectiveness of absorbing in quasi-perfectly matched layers for the conformal mapping case.

本文还以Cassinian变换柱形坐标为例，计算了准PML的全局误差和准PML界面中点的反射系数，证实了保角变换柱形坐标系准PML的吸收作用。

Methods A wet hip joint's sample from corpse was scaned by CT and all images of every cross-section hip joint's layer was obtained, and an hip joint's model was contructed with Unigraphics NX 2.0 and Solid Works 2006 SP 0.0 software. The models were assembled when simulated total hip arthroplasty after total hip joint prosthetic and ischiofemoral ligament model had been constructured. Analysis was done on von Mises stress distribution and amount of total hip component when simulated seated leg-crossing manuver. The bone and metal components were meshed as rigid bodies, composed of three-dimensional, all-quadrilateral rigid body elements, and hip joint capsule ligament was fully three-dimensional, hexahedral continuum elements representations. Results The current form of this ischiofemoral ligament's reconstruction finite element model provided for multi-body contact, large displacement interfacial sliding, large deformation capsule ligament representation, and clearly reflected the real ischiofemoral ligansent's anatomy and biomechanical behavior. The maximum on Mises stresses at the joint interface was more than that fur an otherwise identical hardware-only construct.

选择成人尸体髋关节行CT成像得到髋关节每层横截面图像，提取边界坐标，利用有限元分析软件Unigraphics NX 2.0和Solid-Works 2006 SP0.0构建出髋关节三维有限元模型及人工髋关节假体，并模拟全髋置换术进行装配，将坐股韧带按其术中重建位置进行构建骨骼与金属模型采用三维十节点四面体实体单元进行网格划分，关节囊六面体连接单元划分，模拟坐位腿交叉动作载荷获取假体撞击过程的角活动度和相应的von Mises应力分布情况结果所构建的多体连接、大界面划移、大变形的坐股韧带重建有限元模型，客观反映坐股韧带真实解剖形态及生物力学行为，增加坐股韧带重建的模型其关节面的最大主应力值大于仅有金属的模型。

The basic concept of FOP can be summarized as to further optimize effective prescription according to the standard of curative effects and with the aid of modern science and technology and theories of traditional Chinese medicine.

其基本内涵可概括为：以确有疗效的中药复方为研究对象，以现代科学技术和传统中医药理论为技术支持，以该复方所治病证的药效响应为评价标准，以优化重组疗效更优的新复方为研究目的。

Ever since our world has been a world, native forests have been indiscriminately exploited by man.

自从我们的世界一直是世界原生森林被任意剥削人。