角化层

The C atom in ideal graphite crystals is hybridized in sp^2 orbital and forms covalent bonds with adjacent 3 other C atoms. The graphite crystals consist of stacks of parallel hexagonal net planar layers. These layers are integrated with Van der Waals attraction.

理想的石墨晶体是由碳原子以sp^2杂化轨道和邻近的三个碳原子形成共价键，构成六角平面的网状层片结构，层片之间以Van der Waals力相结合。

In this dissertation, we optimized the thinkness of each layer of TFEL devices using the layered optimization method to obtain ZnS: Ce〓 TFEL devices. Accoding to the energy level structure of Ce〓, two criteria for distinguishing the EL of Ce〓 were found out, from which it was conduded that the TFEL of ZnS: Ce〓 comes from 5d→4f transition of Ce〓. The measurement of brightness waveform showed that the TFEL of ZnS: Ce〓 was the luminescence from independent centers. and there were the field induced-delocalization in this process anf it〓s the cause of low TFEL efficiency of ZnS: Ce〓. In this dissertation, different influence factors on TFEL of ZnS: Ce〓 were sdudied. The influence of different host lattice is different: The blue/green ratio of ZnS: Ce〓 in hexagonal system of ZnS is larger than that in cubic system of ZnS, and the TFEL peaks in hexagonal system of ZnS moves toward longer wavelength compared with that in cubic system of ZnS. The adding buffer layer was used in this stage. The solubility of Ce〓 in ZnS was small and it was another limit to TFEL brightness of ZnS: Ce〓 device. The solubility of Ce〓 increased ten times when using Li ions as flux, so that the TFEL brightness of ZnS: Ce〓 was enhanced. It was found that the appearing of ZnO in active layer improves the TFEL of ZnS: Ce〓: the brightness and the wave range of ZnS: Ce〓TFEL were enhanced.

本文采用TFEL的分层优化方案，优化组合了各膜层厚度，选择最佳制备条件，得到了ZnS：Ce〓的TFEL；根据Ce〓的能级结构，找到了判别Ce〓的EL的两个简单依据，并据此断定ZnS：Ce〓的TFEL的两个发射峰分别属于Ce〓的〓和〓跃迁；亮度波形测量表明ZnS：Ce〓的TFEL属于分立中心发光，分析认为在此过程中存在着较严重的场致离化，这也是ZnS：Ce〓的TFEL效率较低的一个原因；本文考查了影响ZnS：Ce〓的TFEL的各种因素，发现：基质的晶体结构对ZnS：Ce〓的TFEL有所影响，在六角相ZnS中Ce〓的TFEL优于立方相ZnS中Ce〓的TFEL：发射峰的蓝-绿比相对较大，且光谱向短波方向移动，在此项研究中本文采用了在发光层前增镀过渡层的办法，过渡层为六角晶相的ZnO；限制ZnS：Ce〓的TFEL器件亮度的一个原因是Ce〓在ZnS中的溶解度低，本文用Li离子作助溶剂增大了Ce〓的溶解度，增大幅度为一个量级，并且ZnS：Ce〓的TFEL亮度明显提高；从ZnS：Ce〓的TFEL光谱来看ZnS：Ce〓的TFEL波长覆盖范围较小，亮度也不高，达不到做为白色TFEL材料的要求，需要寻找新的白色TFEL材料；在研究ZnS：Ce〓的TFEL中还发现：发光层中ZnO的出现有利于ZnS：Ce〓的TFEL：发射峰变宽、亮度增大。

Crystal lattice constants are close to other experiment results. Three kinds of chemical bonds exist among Mg and B atoms, between magnesium and boride is ionic bond and metallic bond is the predominant interaction in the layer formed by magnesium atoms. A strong covalent bond in the form of sp2 hybrid between boride atoms is the most important factors which can affect the transition temperature of MgB2. Population analysis clearly shows that electrons are transferred from Mg to B, as a result, the electron-phonon coupling in the layer of B is very strong.

规范保守赝势的计算结果表明，晶格常数与实验值误差在很小的范围内，分析了引起MgB2(001)面结构超导转变时电子浓度和偏态密度的变化情况，发现构成该超导体结构的成键有3种，着重从结构的电子浓度变化分析了其超导特性，六角蜂窝状结构中硼原子间相互作用为sp2杂化的共价键，镁原子和硼原子之间是离子键结合，镁原子层是金属键结合，镁原子的价电子部分转移到硼原子的pz轨道，部分电子为镁原子层共用。

The protoxylem vessels initiated lignification in the early stage of vascular bundle differentiation, whereas metaxylem vessels and fiber walls started lignification from the middle lamella and cell comers after completion of vascular bundle differentiation. The walls of most parenchyma cells lignified after the stem reached its full height, while a few parenchyma cells remained non-lignified even the culm is 7 years old.

研究结果表明：毛竹茎的原生木质部导管在维管束发育早期就已木质化；后生木质部导管和纤维细胞在维管束分化完成后，自胞间层和细胞角隅处开始木质化；基本薄壁组织细胞木质化的发生较晚，通常在茎的节间完成伸长生长后才开始，但也有少数薄壁组织细胞始终保持非木质化的薄壁状态。

In this deposit, ore bodies exist in the stratoid form and are c ontrolled by thrust faults. The host rocks are limestone in Bolila Formation of Late Triassic Jiezha Group and in Gadikao Formation of Early-Middle Permian Kaix i nling Group, with strong dolomitization and weak silicification. Minerals are ra ther simple and consist of sphalerite, galena, pyrite, calcite, dolomite and barite. The important ore textures are colloforms such as framboid and crust and xenom orphic grains, and the ore structures are in disseminated, brecciated, veinlike and lumpy forms.

东莫扎抓铅锌矿床矿体呈似层状展布，产状严格受到矿区逆冲断层的控制，赋矿围岩为上三叠统结扎群波里拉组灰岩和下-中二叠统开心岭群尕迪考组灰岩，发育强白云石化和弱硅化，矿物组合简单，主要为闪锌矿+方铅矿+黄铁矿+白云石+方解石+重晶石，矿石结构以皮壳状、草莓状等胶状结构和他形粒状结构为主，矿石构造为浸染状、角砾状、团块状和脉状。

Results There were 52 cases (63%) of LA and 30 cases (37%) of MA, among which 49 cases (60%) presented with pyknotic nucleus of the basal keratinocytes above the amyloid in the upper dermis and 18 cases (22%) presented with pagetoid dyskeratosis cells among their prickle cells. More amyloid in LA and more severe incontinent of pigment in MA.

结果 82例患者中，52例(63%)为LA，30例(37%)为MA；有49例(60%)在淀粉样蛋白沉积上方基底细胞内出现核固缩现象；18例(22%)棘细胞层出现帕杰样角化不良细胞。

Focal acantholytic dyskeratosis with corps rounds and grains were the usual histopathological findings.

局限性棘层松解性角化不良及其产生的圆体和谷粒是最常见的组织病理学改变。

darier's disease is a rare dermatosis with an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance.greasy papules and plaques arise on the seborrheic areas and in the flexures.acantholysis and dyskeratosis are the typical histological findings.

darier病是一种少见的常染色体显性遗传性皮肤病。常在皮脂溢出部位和屈侧皮肤见油腻性丘疹和斑块。棘层松解和角化不良是典型的病理改变。

The location and structures of sex-pheromone-producing gland in female H.insularis were studied by EAG,GC,SEM,and TEM.These studies showed that thegland situate in the intersegmental membrane between the eighth and ninthabdominal segments,and is an eversible abdominal fold;Many plump cones disturbon the surface of the gland.The glandular cells of 2-day old virgin female H.insularis are arranged in one layer,among which the central cells are columnarepithelial cells and flat on two sides.The nucleus is irregular elliptical.There isevident conjugation between cells and the involution is more in the basal membraneof cell.Microvilli are distributed on the cytoplasmic membrane and linked withendocuticle on which there are many layers of chitin,and the outer cuticule is staineddeeper.The cell contains bubbles,mitochondria,glycogen deposits,roughendoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

结合触角电位、毛细管气相色谱、扫描电镜、透视电镜等技术对小线角木蠹蛾雌蛾腹尖末端不同组织部位提取物的测定分析以及腺体位置和形态结构的观察发现：小线角木蠹蛾性信息素分泌腺位于腹部末端8～9节之间，是一个由节间膜特化而成的上皮结构，为一可外翻的腹褶，腺体表面分布着饱满的锥形体，羽化后2天未交尾的雌蛾腺体细胞呈单层排列，腹面中央由密集的柱形上皮细胞组成，细胞排列向两侧延伸至背部，其形状由柱形逐渐变为扁平形，细胞核为椭圆形，细胞与细胞间有明显的胞连接，细胞基底膜基褶较多，质膜上分布着微绒毛，并与内表皮连接，内表皮上有多层几丁质，外角质层染色较深，细胞质中含有空泡、线粒体、脂质粒、粗面内质网和光面内质网。

The results of experiment part4 strongly suggested that, ES derived epidermal like stem cells may have the differentiatial potential of squamose epithelial and skin appendixes, incluing hair follicle, sweat gland and sebaceous gland.

我们的结果强列地提示，ES源表皮样干细胞同时具有分化为角化复层鳞状上皮，毛囊、汗腺、皮脂腺等皮肤附属结构的潜能。

The reasons of iron ions content overproof in grade Ⅱ desalting water system,such as variation water quality,contamination of regenerant , operation adjustment of pretreatment system and switching operation of bed were discussed.

对二级脱盐水系统中铁离子含量超标的原因，如来水水质发生波动、再生剂受到污染、预处理系统操作调整、床体运行切换等进行了论述。

You were hired to drum up new business, so go and do it.

公司雇你招徕新业务，你就做你的事好了。