视网膜的

The PTK mode of excimer laser was used to ablate retinal sheet.Total 48 photoreceptor sheets were ablated with three depths and were studied by light and scanning electron microscope.

目的 探讨PTK切削方式下，准分子激光切削视网膜制备理想感光细胞片层所需的最佳切削深度。

Diabetic retinopathy is the main reason of low visual acuity after surgery.

增殖性视网膜病变是影响术后视力的主要原因。

Yet, the physiological restriction of the retina, that visual acuity decreases as the location moves away from the fovea, makes it necessary for the eyes to move back and forth in order to perceive information.

然而，由於视网膜神经接受细胞分布的特性，视网膜上不同区域的视觉敏锐度并不相同，在网膜的中*央小窝附近区域才能接收最清楚的影像，因此眼睛必须经常的移动，才能看清楚外在的世界。

Althought this surgery has been reported by a few doctors recently, the safety and effectiveness need to be evaluated in further studies. In our study, the approach of the chorioretinal venous anatomosis in the model eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion, are induced by different surgical anastomosis procedures, in order to invest the effectiveness and safety and make a pilot clinic treatment exploration. Methods and materials The study was divided two ports: animal experiment and clinical study.

这种治疗方法的可行性和疗效评价，在激光诱导脉络膜视网膜静脉吻合术治疗非缺血型CRVO病人中得到证实；而对缺血型CRVO，由于病情严重，晚期新生血管并发症产生的危险性高，或者已有产生，因此最近开展的用玻璃体切除联合手术吻合脉络膜视网膜静脉的外科治疗作为最新的探索性治疗方法，在国外已见少数病例报告，但是尚需要进一步的研究观察来评价其可行性、安全性和疗效。

Visual responses of 80% tectal cells were reversibly blocked by NMDA antagonist CPP, and those of 20% cells by muscarinic antagonist atropine, suggesting that retinotectal pathway in toads may contain two groups of optic fibers that use glutamate and acetylcholine as transmitters, respectively.

视网膜-顶盖是视觉信息进入脑的第一站，但是对两栖类视网膜-顶盖投射所用递质却长期含混不清；另一方面，峡核是次级视觉中枢，与顶盖间存在着密切的神经联系，虽有实验对峡核-顶盖投射的突触连接性质进行了研究，但却未见峡核-顶盖投射所用递质方面的报道。

All the results indicated that ERG test objectively reflected the retinal function of the patient with vitreous haemorrhage and prejudged the prognosis of the operations.

视网膜电图检查，反映了视网膜外层的电活动，结合B超，能为手术的预后和手术方法的选择提供有力的依据。

Expression of TGF- 1 and iNOS mRNA was higher in the control chick retina and choroid than that in FDM. The immunostaining of TGF- 1 and iNOS protein mainly was detected in the outer part of photoreceptor layer, and nonspecific immunostaining was found in the RPE and choroids.

在鸡视网膜和脉络膜组织有TGF-β1和iNOS蛋白质及其mRNA的表达，TGF-β1和iNOS的阳性染色主要分布于视网膜光感受器的外节，并且位于光感受器外节的不同位置，而在RPE及脉络膜无明显的阳性染色。

Vitrectomy allows us to manage otherwise untreatable ocular pathologies, but the substitution of the vitreous by an artificial intraocular irrigation solution would probably disturb the physiology of the retina and choroids.

中文题名眼内灌注液对视网膜色素上皮细胞凋亡的影响副题名外文题名 The effects of different intraocular irrigating solutions on the apoptosis of RPE cells 论文作者殷春悦导师黎晓新教授学科专业眼科学研究领域\研究方向临床医疗技能训练与研究学位级别博士学位授予单位北京大学学位授予日期2001 论文页码总数94页关键词玻璃体切除术眼科手术细胞凋亡视网膜色素上皮细胞眼内灌注液馆藏号BSLW /2001 /R779.6 /42 随着玻璃体切除术的出现和日益发展，眼内灌注液作为术中使用的玻璃体替代物，直接影响视网膜和脉络膜的正常生理功能。

Chapter Three. The Studies on Gene Therapy for Retinal Degeneration of the Mice and It's Mechanism Objective: To evaluate the abilities of adeno-associated virtus carrying the basic fibroblast growth factor gene as a therapy for retinal photoreceptors in slow retinal degerneration mice on the basis of the experiment results as mentioned above. Methods: On the born day of rds mice, IPE cells were isolated with enzyme-assisted microdissection from pigs and were cultured.

第三章 视网膜色素变性小鼠的基因治疗及其机制目的：在体外实验证明AAV载体可以高效安全转染IPE细胞并且可以表达具有生物活性的bFGF的基础上，应用AAV载体携带bFGF基因以先体外，后体内法和体内法两种方式进行视网膜色素变性鼠(retinal degemeration slow，rds)的基因治疗，在分子生物学、形态学和功能学上进行基因治疗的初步观察方法：在rds鼠出生的当天取眼球，采用酶辅助的显微分离方法分离培养IPE细胞。

Retinal ischemia is a common cause of visual impairment and blindness . At the cellular level , ischemic retinal injury consists of a self-reinforcing destructive cascade involving neuronal depolarisation , calcium influx and oxidative stress initiated by energy failure and increased glutamatergic stimulati on .

视网膜缺血是一常见的引起视觉损害和致盲的原因，在细胞水平上，缺血性视网膜损伤由一系列自我加强破坏性的级联放大反应组成的，包括神经元去极化，钙流入和起源于能量缺少和谷氨酸刺激的氧化应激反应。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。