视网膜的

Ta group: After retinal vein was occluded by the same method used as above, a venipuncture is performed in the locations away from the occluded site about 2/3 to 1 PD distance, a 20G needle tip was used to puncture the retinal vein and underlying retina and the Bruch s membrane.

2手术方法：局部麻醉，标准三切口扁平部玻璃体切除术，术中作玻璃体后界膜的剥离和切除。在四象限视网膜分枝静脉距视盘2一3PD选定的吻合部位，预做局部视网膜光凝，切开静脉管壁和其下的视网膜和Bruch's膜，气/液交换，12%CZF。

AbstractWe present the early diagnosis method of agerelated macular degeneration , and characterize various pathological changes arising in the development of AMD, such as drusen, chorioretinal mapshrinking, retinal pigment epithelial atrophy, choroidal neovascularization, retinal pigment epithelium and neural epithelial detachment, and so on. We analyze its images by using optical coherence tomography.

本文给出了一种老年性黄斑变性（agerelated macular degeneration， ARMD ）的早期诊断方法，在 ARMD 的发展过程中出现的各种病理改变如玻璃膜疣、脉络膜视网膜地图状萎缩、视网膜色素上皮萎缩、脉络膜新生血管、视网膜色素上皮/神经上皮脱离等，用光学相干断层成像技术（optical coherence tomography，OCT）对其进行图像分析。

AbstractWe present the early diagnosis method of agerelated macular degeneration , and characterize various pathological changes arising in the development of AMD, such as drusen, chorioretinal mapshrinking, retinal pigment epithelial atrophy, choroidal neovascularization, retinal pigment epithelium and neural epithelial detachment, and so on.

本文给出了一种老年性黄斑变性（agerelated macular degeneration，ARMD）的早期诊断方法，在ARMD 的发展过程中出现的各种病理改变如玻璃膜疣、脉络膜视网膜地图状萎缩、视网膜色素上皮萎缩、脉络膜新生血管、视网膜色素上皮/神经上皮脱离等，用光学相干断层成像技术（optical coherence tomography，OCT）对其进行图像分析。

There is presently no effective treatment available.in recent years,people highlight on reinfusing the affected vein,chorioretinal venous anastomosis allows obstructed venous blood to exit the retinal circulation via the choroid,thus bypassing the site of occlusion,so to recover retinal perfusion lessening complications.

近年来，越来越多的学者致力于恢复患眼视网膜静脉回流的研究，如通过脉络膜视网膜静脉吻合以尽快解除静脉阻塞，恢复视网膜灌注，从而提高视力，减少并发症的发生。

During the operation, retinal inner limiting membrane was found and carried apart from clivus of fovea 1-1.2DD by the needle made by self ,then was circlewise teared by the intraocular tweezers.

在玻璃体视网膜手术中仔细寻找视网膜内界膜，直接用自做的钩针（常规10mL针头弯曲针尖的前1/3呈85°）在距黄斑中心凹1～1.2PD处的视网膜表面挑起其内界膜，用眼内镊环形撕除。

Methods1. Twenty-four preretinal fibrovascular membranes were obtained from the patients with PDR during vitrectomy, of them 12 received Avastin intravitreally before surgery and the other 12 did not. Ten preretinal membranes were obtained from patients with proliferative vitreoretinopathy served as controls.

方法1。玻璃体切除术中取出的24例PDR患者的视网膜前新生血管膜，其中术前玻璃体内注射Avastin者12例，未使用Avastin治疗者12例；以10例增生性玻璃体视网膜病变的视网膜前增生膜作为对照。

The 69 subhyaloid hemorrhage crises of diabetes were randomly divided into two groups.45 cases in the combined treatment of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine group;according to control group,determine the treatment based on differentiation of symptoms and signs in earlier period,intermediate stage,later stage.

两组均常规应用西药、激光光凝治疗。西药常规应用可元，并对症控制血糖、血脂、血压；激光光凝治疗针对有视网膜激光光凝适应症的病例，应用美国科以人公司生产的多波长氪激光器，进行局部视网膜激光光凝或次全视网膜激光光凝治疗。

Objective To evaluate the long-term results of vitreoretinal surgery without use of intraocular silicone oil or gas in patients with diabetic tractional retinal detachment.

目的观察无硅油或气体等眼内填充的玻璃体视网膜手术治疗增生型糖尿病视网膜病变牵拉性视网膜脱离的长期疗效。

T show evidence of toxicity between the verapamil treated animals and control animals.conclusionsubconjunctival verapamil decreased the incidence of tractional retinal detachment due to traumatic proliferative vetreoretinopathy in this rabbit model.verapamil at the dose used in this model has no evident toxicity on rabbit eyes.further studies are needed to determine the doseresponse and efficacy of the drug.

结果在模型制备后第35天，治疗组18只眼发生牵引性视网膜脱离，占56.3%，对照组26只眼发生，占81.3%(χ2=4.655，p=0.031)；玻璃体视网膜增生程度治疗组较对照组明显减轻(秩和检验，u=3.5419，p＜0.001)；未发现ver对角膜上皮有明显毒性反应。结论结膜下注射ver能有效抑制外伤性pvr的发展，减少牵引性视网膜脱离的发生率；ver在实验所用剂量对角膜上皮无明显毒性反应。

EPO can protect the ischemic retina in part, and it is helpful to recover the function of retina.

在视网膜缺血再灌注损伤中，存在有视网膜细胞的凋亡，EPO能够减少视网膜细胞的凋亡。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。