观测误差

Dept.of surv.

然而EDM作为一种光学和电子器件组成的测量仪器，由于生产、运输、使用过程中的误差、震动和环境因素的影响以及电子器件本身的老化等，导致仪器的部分性能指标发生变化，最终是使测距仪测量观测值的精度受到影响。

To decompose the sum of square of residuals Qε into sum of square of error QE and sum of square of variation of repeat observation QL.

对残差平方和Qε进行分解为误差平方和QE和重复观测变异平方和QL。

The simulation results show that the new algorithm can effectively eliminate the integrator drift with higher precision of flux estimation under permanent magnet synchronous motor wave input of EMF.

仿真结果证明，新算法在PWM 波反电动势输入情况下仍具有很高的磁链观测精度，可以有效地消除积分漂移误差。

After the linear pointing correction, the surveying region is divided into spherical Delaunay triangulations, and the whole smooth pointing correction surface is produced by using the high-accuracy generalized extended interpolation approximation method.

提出了一种新的基于广义延拓插值的射电望远镜指向误差修正模型，在线性修正模型的基础上对观测域进行球面的Delaunay三角剖分，利用高精度的广义延拓插值逼近方法生成不分项的整体分布曲面。

Large initial state error and non-Gaussian distribution of state may exist in the deep-space autonomous celestial navigation, so based on the classic six orbit elements, an orbit determination method for deep-space probe is proposed by using starlight angle as measurement information and the unscented particle filter algorithm.

针对深空自主天文导航中可能存在初始状态误差较大、状态分布非高斯分布等问题，基于轨道6根数描述形式，提出了利用星光角距观测信息和UPF算法确定探测器轨道的方法。

A practical experiment is conducted in Mianyang and the result is compared with that by Belfort visibility sensor.

通过实际观测并与美国Belfort能见度仪的对比试验，显示该激光雷达在探测大气水平能见度方面具有较高的可靠性和准确性，其测量误差小于20 %。

The consequence of that mistake, as John Ioannidis of the University of Ioannina School of Medicine, in Greece, explained to the meeting, is that a lot of observational health studies—those that go trawling through databases, rather than relying on controlled experiments—cannot be reproduced by other researchers.

希腊约阿尼纳大学医学院的约翰。阿尼得士（John？？Ioannidis）在会上解释说这种误差的后果是诸多同类实验不能在其它实验室里得到复制，原因鉴于综合观测健康研究就像鱼网一样滤过资料，而没有依赖可控的对比试验病例。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。