观测的

Based on the data of 179 earthquakes from 1985 to 1990 in Shanghai and its adjacent area,for the records of the two bore-hole seismometers of Hongqiao and Nanhui seismic stations,we have studied how to determine the local magnitude by using the maximum amplitude of bore-hole velocity records.

根据上海台网观测记录到的上海及邻近地区1985年至1990年期间179次地震事件的资料，以虹桥台、南汇台的两口深井观测地震记录为例，探讨如何利用深井观测速度型记录的最大振幅来测定近震震级。

In this paper the command drive model of observatory control of LAMOST telescope system, a national ninth-five year science project, was introduced. The drive modes and conditions of observation were discussed. The factors of effect observation were analyzed.

介绍了国家九五大科学工程LAMOST望视镜系统的观测流程的驱动模型，详细地讨论了观测流悞驱动方式、事件驱动的条件，分析了影响观测控制流程进程的因素。

In the Gaussian sum filter-Kalman filter algorithm, the conditional linear state equation is first inserted into the measurement equation, which fuses the linear State process noise and the original measurement noise. And the GSF is applied to the new measurement and nonlinear state equations to estimate the nonlinear states. Then the estimations of the nonlinear states are inserted into the linear state equation and the original measurement equation to estimate the linear states by the KF.

算法将模型中的条件线性状态方程代入观测方程，并融合线性状态的过程噪声和观测噪声，再与非线性状态方程联立，由高斯和滤波器(Gaussian sum filter， GSF)获得非线性状态的估计；然后将估计值代入线性状态方程与观测方程，由卡尔受滤波器(Kalman Filter， KF)获得线性状态的估计。

Research the nature of Earth's Physics and training to acquire seismic, gravity field, the Earth tide, the earth's rotation, and magnetic field, to power, plate tectonics and geophysical exploration geophysics, such as the branch's basic theory, observation instruments, methods of observation and data processing methods, able to independently complete a variety of geophysical observation and data-processing tasks, and with certain scientific research capacity of senior specialists.

主要研究地球的物理学性质，培养能掌握地震学、地球重力场、地球固体潮、地球自转、地磁场、地电、板块构造以及勘探地球物理等地球物理学各分支的基本理论、观测仪器、观测方法和数据处理方法，能够独立完成地球物理的各种观测和数据处理任务，并具有一定科研能力的高级专门人才。

In addition, Single Pass Orbit Improvement can reflect the abnormal jumpiness of observations, which is favorable for estimating the precisi...

另外该方法能够反映观测资料的不正常的跳动，对准确地评估观测仪器的性能，进一步改进观测仪器是有益处的。

We carried out some test and routine observations, and by the data analyses we conclude:1 This system can improve the contrast and spatial resolution of the filtergram and magnetogram obviously;2 The optimization of the algorithm largely improve the temporal resolution, and this makes the routine observation possible.

通过对试观测和常规观测数据的分析，我们发现：1该系统能够大大提高单色像、磁场数据的对比度和空间分辨率；2对相关跟踪算法的优化大大提高了系统的时间分辨率，系统可以投入常规观测使用。

After the initial two nights, wait for a week or ten days, then obtain another pair of nights a day or two apart ephemerides can be generated using the Minor Planet Ephemeris Service ）.

在初始的两晚观测后，等待一周或10天，再获取另一对连续夜晚的观测或两个分离的夜晚的观测（可以使用 Minor Planet Ephemeris Service 计算星历表）。

Nowadays, the Eddy Covariance system and the Large Aperture Scintillometer are the main instruments measuring surface fluxes. The former is point observation and can observe hundreds of meters and the latter can observe area average fluxes in the scale of hundreds of meters to ten kilometers.

目前应用较为广泛的通量测量技术有涡动相关仪和大孔径闪烁仪，前者是单点观测，观测范围通常只有几百米；后者近年来得到长足的发展，可以观测从几百米到十几公里尺度上的区域湍流通量。

Their name, geographic location are as follows: Station name of the host country Mizusawa latitude, longitude -141 ° 07'5139 ° 08'3602 Japan AAC kitab -66 ° 52'511850 Russia AC Kaluofute -8 ° 18'448941 Italy AC Gaithersburg 7 ° 1'5713202 the United States AC ukiah 128 ° 12'3512096 the United States AC stations were a uniform Zeiss Zenith device, according to a unified observed star table, observing the outline for continuous observation of latitude, from the Central Bureau of centrally ILS calculations solved polar coordinates, published and made available to the use of units of .1962 began restructuring for the international polar wander service.

它们的名称、地理位置分别为：站名经度纬度所在国水泽－141°07′5139°08′3602日本AAC基塔布－66°52′511850俄国AC卡洛福特－8°18′448941意大利AC盖瑟斯堡＋7°1′5713202美国AC尤凯亚＋128°12′3512096美国AC各台站用统一的蔡司天顶仪、按统一的观测星表、观测纲要进行连续地观测纬度，由ILS中央局统一处理计算，解出地极坐标值，发表并提供给使用单位。1962年开始改组为国际极移服务。

Due to the demand of the seismograph in the seismologic observation, this thesis proposes the scheme of a kind of digital seismograph with high precision and multi-channel based on the thesis of the virtual instrument.

针对地震观测中对地震观测仪器的要求，本文采用了虚拟仪器技术的思想和方法，探讨并提出了一种高精度多通道地震观测仪器的实现方案。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。