观察孔

The wood anatomy of 21 collections of 7 species within Kadsura Kaempf. ex Juss. and 14 collections of 8 species of Schisandra Michx., representing a large proportion of two genera in Schisandraceae, was investigated using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Several features in the secondary xylem, such as types of vessel elements, arrangement of vessel-ray pitting, types of ray and shape of the body ray cells, show consistent characteristics at the family level, which support the view that Schisandraceae represents a monophyletic group.

在光学显微镜和扫描电镜下观察了南五味子属Kadsura 7种21个样品和五味子属Schisandra 8种14个样品的木材解剖特征，结果表明次生木质部的导管分子类型、导管－射线间纹孔的排列方式、射线类型、射线细胞形状等性状在科的水平上很稳定，这些共同特征都支持五味子科Schisandraceae是比较自然的类群。

The phenomena of improved confinement has been observed with ECRH auxiliary heating under limiter discharge condition on the HL-2A tokamak, and electron line average density, plasma stored energy, radiated power within the separatrix, energy confinement time, H-alpha line emission etc, have been studied for the transition from L-mode to improved mode.

在HL-2A装置孔栏位形放电的等离子体实验中，电子回旋辅助加热期间观察到了等离子体约束改善的现象，并对等离子体从低约束模式向约束改善模式转换时的等离子体线平均电子密度、等离子体储能、分界面内辐射功率、能量约束时间、H辐射等进行了研究。

It has been found that its formation is caused by shrinkage cavity descending below thermal insulating sinkhead of ingot mould and silicate inclusion separating the metal of rail web.

通过低倍金相和扫描电镜观察及能谱分析，得出50kg／m钢轨轨腰分层缺陷是由于钢锭头部缩孔降到钢锭本体截口以下，硅酸盐夹杂物破坏钢轨轨腰金属连续性造成的。

METHODS: The neonatal and adult rats facial nerve was ligated at stylomastoid foramen.

于新生及成年大鼠茎乳孔处结扎面神经，于3， 7， 14， 21， 28， 56， 84 d采用NADPHd组织化学方法观察NADPHd阳性细胞在面神经核中的变化。

Methods Ligation of facial nerve outside stylomastoid foramen with 3-0 silk, observation of histopathological changes of facial nerve on the 1st day, 3rd day and 5th day after ligation.

用丝线结扎茎乳孔以外的面神经总干，观察结扎后1天、3天及5天面神经的组织病理改变。

24 New Zealand white rabbits were divided into control group,Saline group and Mailuoning group,on the latter two groups the models of Hemifacial spasm were made by the temporal superficial artery closely contacting the main trunk of facial nerve at stylomastoid foramen.From the 5th week,the Saline and Mailuoning were injected intravenously into ear margin for 2 weeks on Saline and Mailuoning group respectively.At the 7th week,the MDA and SOD in serum were measured,meawhile the microstructure and ultrastructure of facial nerve were observed on 3 animal groups.

将24只新西兰大白兔随机分为对照组、脉络宁组和生理盐水组，在手术显微镜下分离出其茎乳孔处的面神经主干和颞浅动脉，使二者密切接触，以制备半面痉挛动物模型；术后第5周起对脉络宁组和生理盐水组分别自耳缘静脉推注脉络宁注射液和生理盐水持续2周；第7周取3组动物血清测定丙二醛和超氧化物歧化酶，并处死取材行面神经光、电镜观察。

Study the bioactivity of the n-HA/PA66 composite and the effects it would be to body's metabolism of calcium and phosphorus ion in vivo.(3) Study the osteo-conductivity and the ability to repair bone defect of the porous n-HA/PA66 composite and the feasibility use it as the scaffold of bone tissue engineering. Objects and Methods as follows: 1.To evaluate the biocompatability of nano-hydroxyapatite crystals and polyamide composite (n-HA/PA66) with the L929 cells.To proceed the morphological observation and take pictures of L929 cells after 1d,2d,4d,and 7d of co-cultured with extract of n-HA/PA66 ,and direct contact with n-HA/PA66.To determine light absorbtion value of every hole under 500 nm with enzyme linked immunity instrument after 1 d,2 d,4 d,and 7 d of contact of n-HA/PA66 extract with L929 cells,and direct contact with n-HA/PA66.In the meanwhile calculate the relative multiplication rate of cells,and evaluate them by six degree tests for cytotoxicity. To investigate the acute and chronic toxic reaction on the whole body induced by the new nano-hydroapatite crystals and polyamide composite(n-HA/PA66)after implanting in vivo and its effects on partial constitution of animal organs after implanting in vivo,and evaluate the potential and degree of subcuticular stimulation reaction.

本实验主要由以下三部分组成：一、n-HA/PA66 复合材料在动物体内、体外的生物相容性及生物安全性评价二、n-HA/PA66 复合材料植入动物体内的生物活性及近期对机体钙、磷代谢影响的实验研究三、网孔 n-HA/PA66 复合材料作为支架修复兔桡骨节段缺损的动物实验研究主要研究目标及方法如下：参照 GB/T16886.5-1997-ISO 10993-5：1992《医疗器械生物学评价细胞毒性试验体外法》之评价标准和要求，采用规定的 L929 细胞(小鼠结缔组织成纤维细胞)，分别经直接接触和材料浸提液与细胞共培养等方式对 n-HA/PA66 复合材料进行细胞毒性测试，采用细胞形态观察法观察两种细胞各组在 24h、48h、72h、5 天后各时相点的细胞形态学变化，并在显微镜下照相，从而对细胞与材料的生物相容性进行定性评价；同时采用细胞生长抑制法，以酶标仪定量测定评价各组 1，2，4，7 天 L929 细胞的相对增殖率，以定量测定并判别材料对细胞的毒性程度。

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Fading area of the film induced by succinic dehydrogenase and amount of spontaneous revertants.

主要观察指标：测量经琥珀酸脱氢酶作用后微孔滤膜的褪色面积和各平皿中细菌回变菌落数。

Methods : Supraorbital keyhole approach were performed on formalin-fixed and dye-injected cadaveric head specimens .

在经福尔马林固定、彩色乳胶灌注的国人成年尸头标本上模拟行眶上&锁孔&入路的手术解剖，观察该入路的显露及操作范围。

The results showed that some holes on the nuclear membrane of the two kinds of the cells besides normal cell structures and there are some secretive pellets of protein with more high density of electronics around the nuclear of the cells, these pellets maybe is the regulatory matter of living things growth and around o'clock section rule, It is important to sturdy the ultrastructure of brain tissues and the physiological function of Tupaia belangeri chinensis .

利用电镜观察了树鼠句Tupaia belangeri chinensis的脑垂体和松果体细胞的超微结构，结果显示这两类细胞除了有正常细胞结构外，核膜孔较大且在核周围还有一些电子密度不同，大小不一的蛋白质分泌颗粒，这些颗粒可能是生物个体调节各种生理生化功能、生长发育和昼夜节律的信使物质，这对进一步研究树鼠句脑组织结构及其生理功能有一定意义

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。