覆盖率

The CBRC allows commercial banks to implement the internal rating method by stages, however, when a commercial bank obtains the approval for using the internal rating method, its asset coverage ratio calculated according to the internal rating method (risk-weighted assets calculated according to the internal rating method)/(risk-weighted assets calculated according to the internal rating method + risk-weighted assets of other credit risk exposures calculated according to the revised capital supervisory provisions) shall not be lower than 50%, and it shall formulate the plan for the implementation of internal rating method by stages, so as to ensure that the asset coverage ratio reach 80% in three years.

银监会允许商业银行分阶段实施内部评级法，但在获得许可使用内部评级法时，采用内部评级法的资产覆盖率（按内部评级法计算的风险加权资产/［按内部评级法计算的风险加权资产＋按修订后资本监管规定计算的其他信用风险暴露的风险加权资产］）应不低于50％，并制定分阶段实施内部评级法规划，以保证3年内资产覆盖率达到80％。

But the massive project practice proved these technical measure the application fundamentally has not solved the rut problem; Regarding the city"urban heat island effect"the question, the measure which uses generally is enhances the city round-off work and the expanded lawn, the water place area, but the city major part area is constructed and the path is covering, the ultra big city its round-off work extremely is in particular difficult to enhance, simultaneously the spatial distribution very is possibly imbalanced.

但是大量的工程实践证明这些技术措施的应用也未从根本上解决车辙问题；对于城市"热岛效应"问题，普遍采用的措施是提高城市森林覆盖率及扩大草地、水地的面积，但城市的绝大部分面积被建筑和道路覆盖着，尤其是超大城市其森林覆盖率极难提高，同时空间分布可能又很不均衡。

This performance can be considered as microheterogeneity characteristics.The order of lacunarity index is contrary to the order of coverage rate of the forest landscape elements in the same scale, consequently, lacunarity indices values in experiments can help to study the coverage rate of forest landscape elements changing with the spatial scale.

孔隙度指数的排序与在该尺度下各森林景观组分覆盖率大小排序相反，因而根据试验计算的孔隙度指数值可以研究各森林景观组分的覆盖率随空间尺度变化的情况。

The coverage rate of pregnant and lying-in women under systematic health protection has reached 90% in urban areas and 50% in rural areas, and that of children under systematic health protection 70% in urban areas and 30% in rural areas .

孕产妇系统保健管理覆盖率，城市达90%，农村达50%；儿童系统保健管理覆盖率，城市达70%，农村达30%。

As a result of case study in Haidian district, Beijing, the accuracy rate of vegetation fraction estimation by using "dense vegetation model" and "nondense vegetation model" synchronously based on land cove classification is obtained about 75.4%, which is 5.8% higher than that of using "dense vegetation model" only.

根据TM像元为非均一混合像元的特点，提出了基于土地覆盖分类的综合运用"等密度模型"和"非密度模型"计算植被覆盖率的方法，通过对北京市海淀市区的植被覆盖率计算表明，该方法的估算精度可达75.4%，比单纯使用等密度亚像元模型在估算精度上可提高5.8%。

According to the results of the correlation matrix and partial correlation coefficient gained from polynomial linear regression, the relative contribution that the essential factor made to the number of tourist and tourism gross revenue of forest parks was analyzed.

结果表明，在兰州地区对森林公园客流量贡献最大的指标是人文景观、森林覆盖率和水体，对旅游总收入贡献最大的指标是人文景观，其次为森林覆盖率、旅游设施、水体，贡献最小的是山体。

This part has studied on such features of GPS data as time and spatial distribution, sampling intervals, distribution of samples and the coverage rate of road network.

论文主要研究了深圳市GPS数据的时间和空间分布特征、GPS采样间隔特征、路段样本量分布特征、路网覆盖率特征以及路网覆盖率与出租车数量之间的关系。

Beijing environmental problems hold severe, and atmospheric and water pollute, soil and water loss, hot island and yawp are leading problems,and take on territorial characteristic. Based on research on relativity between urban forest and these environmental problems, urban forest can effective improve environmental quality in Beijing. And for the aim of improve environmental quality, Beijing forest overlay should attain 35% at least in citywide range, and local-areas being severe environmental problem should be provided with higher forest overlay.5. Through the study on urban forest needed capacity, Beijing's forest coverage is up to par in citywide range, but montanic forest coverage, plain covered with trees and average forest area are lacking, and CO2 and O2 balance is incapable;form the point of heat and balance CO2 and O2 balance,urban forest the city zone and suburb is lack. There is urban forest developmental potential space,but the city zone and suburb area need be compensated form urban forest in circumjacent region.6. On the based of the above results and ecological network system, the author drived whole region into city area, plain and mountain area are needed at the point of planning thoughts of running-through forests and water .

根据城市森林与北京市主要环境问题的相关性分析，城市森林在改善这些环境问题中具有重要的作用，为有效改善这些环境问题，整个北京市域范围内森林覆盖率至少达到35%，并且分布比较均匀，环境问题严重的局部区域需要不同程度增加森林覆盖率。5、通过对北京市城市森林需求量研究发现，虽然在市域范围内北京森林覆盖率达到了国家标准，但是山区森林覆盖率、平原林木覆盖率、城区人均森林面积不足；从区域热平衡和碳氧平衡角度分析，城区和郊区不能满足本区域的城市森林需求量，虽然北京市城市森林具有一定的发展潜力，整体上基本可以满足城市需要，但是这些区域需要依靠周边区域城市森林的补偿。6、根据以上的研究结果，以中国森林生态网络体系建设的点、线、面布局理念为指导，以&林网化——水网化&作为优化理念，将北京市整个市域划分为城区近郊区及其辐射区域，平原区和山区三大区域，依据三大区域特点进行城市森林布局优化。

With different scenarios sediment discharge followed by grassland＞shrubland＞broad-leaved woodland＞orchard＞coniferous woodland,among the scenarios grassland made sediment diacharge increase while the others made sediment discharge reduce.Along with the forest cover increased,the runoff and sediment discharge decreased;meanwhile the sediment discharge had the maximum rate of descent with the forest coverage rate between 40-70%.

不同情景的输沙量依次为草地＞灌木林地＞阔叶林地＞园地＞针叶林地，与原地类比较草地使模拟输沙量增加，其余的情景都使模拟输沙量减少；不同森林覆盖率情景下年均径流和输沙量都随森林覆盖率的增大呈下降趋势，森林覆盖率在40-70%之间的输沙量下降速率最大。

In comparison with the observations derived from NOAA AVHRR, under the framework of NCAR CLM3, SCF schemes like CLM3 default, Douville1995, and Roesch 2001 underestimate SCF over vast areas, snow lines simulated in these three schemes are located to the south of that in the AVHRR observation, especially in autumn when snow pack begins to establish; Wu2004 scheme also underestimates SCF in the Eurasian continent in autumn; Yang1997 scheme slightly overestimates SCF, especially along the southern border of the snow covered area; Niu2007 scheme which accounts for the seasonal variation of snow density overcomes the positive bias of SCF simulated by Yang1997 scheme to some extent.

结果表明，在NCAR CLM3的物理过程框架之下，CLM3、Douville1995、Roesch2001三种方案低估了广大地区的积雪覆盖率，模拟的雪线位置偏北，尤其是在秋季积雪初期；Wu2004方案低估了秋季欧亚大陆的积雪覆盖率；Yang1997方案模拟的积雪覆盖率有些偏高，尤其是在积雪覆盖区的南部边缘；考虑积雪密度变化的Niu2007方案一定程度上克服了Yang1997方案的正偏差。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。