西班牙人

The Duke of Medina Sidonia now sent a message to the Duke of Parma in Dunkirk:"I am anchored here two leagues from Calais with the enemy's fleet on my flank. They can cannonade me whenever they like, and I shall be unable to do them much harm in return." He asked Parma to send fifty ships to help him break out of Calais. Parma was unable to help as he had less than twenty ships and most of those were not yet ready to sail.That night Medina Sidonia sent out a warning to his captains that he expected a fire-ship attack. This tactic had been successfully used by Francis Drake in Cadiz in 1587 and the fresh breeze blowing steadily from the English fleet towards Calais, meant the conditions were ideal for such an attack. He warned his captains not to panic and not to head out to the open sea. Medina Sidonia confidently told them that his patrol boats would be able to protect them from any fire-ship attack that took place.Medina Sidonia had rightly calculated what would happen.

1577年，他再次从英国出发，乘着旗舰"金鹿"号直奔美洲沿岸，一路打劫西班牙商船，西班牙人做梦也想不到，竟然有人敢在"自家后院胡闹"，当他们派出军舰追击时，德雷克早已逃往南方，但由于西班牙的封锁，他无法通过狭窄的麦哲伦海峡，在一次猛烈的风暴中，"金鹿"号同船队其它伙伴失散了，被向南吹了5°之多，来到了西班牙人也未曾到过的地方，自从麦哲伦海峡被发现以来人们一直认为海峡以南的火地岛就是传说中的南方大陆的一部分，但此时呈现在德雷克面前的是一片汪洋大海，德雷克被这意外的发现惊呆了，他很高兴的向大家宣布"传说中的南方大陆是不存在的，即使存在，也一定是在南方更寒冷的地方，"(直到今天我们还称这片广阔的水域为"德雷克海峡")，但德雷克却一直向西横渡了太平洋。1579年7月23日，他到达了马里亚纳群岛，8月22日穿过北回归线，9月26日回到了阔别已久的普次茅斯港，再次成为了"民众的英雄"，这次航行是继麦哲伦之后的第二次环球航行，但德雷克却是第一个自始至终指挥环球航行的船长(众所周知，麦哲伦在菲律宾被土人做成三明治吃掉了)。

Ladies up in here tonight No fighting, no fighting We got the refugees up in here No fighting, no fighting Shakira, Shakira I never really knew that she could dance like this She makes a man wants to speak Spanish Como se llama, bonita, mi casa, su casa Shakira, Shakira Oh baby when you talk like that You make a woman go mad So be wise and keep on Reading the signs of my body And I'm on tonight You know my hips don't lie And I'm starting to feel it's right All the attraction, the tension Don't you see baby, this is perfection Hey Girl, I can see your body moving And it's driving me crazy And I didn't have the slightest idea Until I saw you dancing And when you walk up on the dance floor Nobody cannot ignore the way you move your body, girl And everything so unexpected - the way you right and left it So you can keep on taking it I never really knew that she could dance like this She makes a man want to speak Spanish Como se llama, bonita, mi casa, su casa Shakira, Shakira Oh baby when you talk like that You make a woman go mad So be wise and keep on Reading the signs of my body And I'm on tonight You know my hips don't lie And I am starting to feel you boy Come on lets go, real slow Don't you see baby asi es perfecto Oh I know I am on tonight my hips don't lie And I am starting to feel it's right All the attraction, the tension Don't you see baby, this is perfection Shakira, Shakira Oh boy, I can see your body moving Half animal, half man I don't, don't really know what I'm doing But you seem to have a plan My will and self restraint Have come to fail now, fail now See, I am doing what I can, but I can't so you know That's a bit too hard to explain Baila en la calle de noche Baila en la calle de d Baila en la calle de noche Baila en la calle de d I never really knew that she could dance like this She makes a man want to speak Spanish Como se llama, bonita, mi casa, su casa Shakira, Shakira Oh baby when you talk like that You know you got me hypnotized So be wise and keep on Reading the signs of my body Senorita, feel the conga, let me see you move like you come from Colombia Mira en Barranquilla se baila assay it! Mira en Barranquilla se baila as? Yeah She's so ***y every man's fantasy a refugee like me back with the Fugees from a 3rd world country I go back like when 'pac carried crates for Humpty Humpty I need a whole club dizzy Why the CIA wanna watch us?

淑女提高在这里今晚没有战斗，没有战斗我们向上争取难民在这里没有战斗，没有战斗 Shakira， Shakira 我从不真的知道她可以像这一样的跳舞她使一个男人想要说西班牙人哦宝贝当你谈话同类哪一你使一个女人去疯狂因此是明智的而且保存在读我的身体的告示而且我在今晚你知道我的臀部不是谎言而且我开始感觉它是权利所有的吸引，紧张做不你见到宝贝，这是完美嗨女孩，我能见到你的身体移动而且它是驾驶我发狂的而且我做不已经最微小的主意直到我锯子你舞蹈而且当你散步在跳舞上上面地板没有人不能够不理睬方法你动作你的身体，女孩而且每件事物如此料想不到-方法你左右方的它因此你能继续拿它我从不真的知道她可以像这一样的跳舞她使一个男人想要说西班牙人哦宝贝当你谈话同类哪一你使一个女人去疯狂因此是明智的而且保存在读我的身体的告示而且我在今晚你知道我的臀部不是谎言而且我开始感觉你男孩发生让去，真正的减慢做不你见到宝贝两头尖的中型雪茄烟哦我知道我是在今晚我的臀部做不谎言而且我开始感觉它是权利所有的吸引，紧张做不你见到宝贝，这是完美 Shakira， Shakira 哦男孩，我能见到你的身体移动一半动物，一半男人我做不，不真的知道什么我正在做但是你似乎有一个计划我的意志和自制能力有来到不及格现在，不及格现在见到，我正在做什么我能，但是我罐子不因此你知道那太是一一点点难的解释我从不真的知道她可以像这一样的跳舞她使一个男人想要说西班牙人 Shakira， Shakira 哦宝贝当你谈话同类哪一你认识你是得到我施催眠术因此是明智的而且保存在读我的身体的告示感觉康茄舞，让我见到你动作起来像你一样来从哥伦比亚她是如此每个男人的幻想像我一样的一个难民背面与来自第三个世界的国家我需要一全部俱乐部晕眩的为什么中央情报局需要对手表我们？

Egoism and exclusionism of the English nation-state drives the English protest all the other powers that bind and restrict and threaten it. The English regards the activities of their colonial expansion abroad as a right, by which they might settle in some other abroad places unoccupied by other countries like Spain and Portugal etc. Beating the Spanish not only raises the English national confidence, but also clears the biggest obstacle hindering the English to expand their power abroad, and prepares favorable conditions for the construction and development of the British Empire in the Dynasty of the Stuart.

民族国家的利己性和排他性，驱使英国人反对包括罗马教皇、西班牙人、葡萄牙人、汉萨人等在内的外国势力对英格兰民族国家的束缚、限制与威胁；英国人把海外殖民扩张视为实现英格兰民族平等发展的神圣权利，他们在反对外国人的斗争中逐渐增强了民族意识和民族精神；打败西班牙人不但提高了英格兰民族的自信心，而且扫除了他们通向海外殖民扩张道路上的最大障碍，为斯图亚特王朝时期英国海外殖民贸易帝国的建立和发展准备了有利条件。

But now, when, as I have said, I began to beweary of the fruitless excursion which I had made so long and sofar every morning in vain, so my opinion of the action itself beganto alter; and I began, with cooler and calmer thoughts, to considerwhat I was going to engage in; what authority or call I had topretend to be judge and executioner upon these men as criminals,whom Heaven had thought fit for so many ages to suffer unpunishedto go on, and to be as it were the executioners of His judgmentsone upon another; how far these people were offenders against me,and what right I had to engage in the quarrel of that blood whichthey shed promiscuously upon one another.

星期五在小船上打死打伤的那五个，情形也一样。他们中有三个确实是受了伤倒下的，另外两个却是吓昏了倒下的。这时候，我手上仍拿着一支枪，但我没有开枪，因为我已把手枪和腰刀给了那西班牙人，手里得留一支装好弹药的枪，以防万一。我把星期五叫过来，吩咐他赶快跑到我们第一次放枪的那棵大树边，把那几支枪拿过来。他一下子就取回来了。于是我把自己的短枪交给他，自己坐下来给所有的枪再次装上弹药，并告诉他需要用枪时随时可来龋正当我在装弹药时，忽然发现那个西班牙人正和一个野人扭作一团，打得不可开交。那个野人手里拿着一把木头刀跟西班牙人拼杀。

These, namely, were the provinces that brought death to the Scipios; that taxed the endurance of our ancestors in the disgraceful ten years' war under Viriathus; that shook the Roman people with the panic of the Numantine war; here occurred the disgraceful surrender of Quintus Pompeius, whose terms the senate disavowed, and the more shameful capitulation of Mancinus, which was also disavowed, and its maker ignominiously handed over to the enemy; it was Spain that destroyed so many commanders who were consulars or praetorians, and which in the days of our fathers raised Sertorius to such a height of power that for a period of five years it was not possible to decide whether there was greater strength in the arms of the Spaniard or the Roman, and which of the two peoples was destined to obey the other.

三西班牙行省史上，曾有两西庇阿在此丧命(约 BC212)；在此我们的先人忍受了与维里阿图斯的麾下间十年之久的不名誉的战争(BC147-138)；在此发生的纽曼细阿战争让罗马人民深感痛苦；昆图斯·庞培在此可耻地投降，签下了元老院后来不予承认的条约；此外还有曼奇努斯订立的也未获承认的更为可耻的投降条约，其订约人被不光彩的交给了敌人(BC141-135年)。西班牙曾毁灭了那么多的执政官级的、**官级的罗马指挥官，在我们父辈的时代西班牙更出了个塞多留(BC82-72)，在5年的时间里，人们都分不清西班牙人的军队和罗马人军队哪支更强大，哪边的人民注定要服属他人。而这三西班牙行省，是如此的辽阔而又人口众多，如此的好战尚武！

That this would justify the Conduct the Spaniards in all their Barbarities practis'd in America, and where they destroy'd Millions of these People, who however they were Idolaters and Barbarians, and had several bloody and barbarous Rites in their Customs, such as sacrificing human Bodies to their Idols, were yet, as to the Spaniards, very innocent People; and that the rooting them out of the Country, is spoken of with the utmost Abhorrence and Detestation, by even the Spaniards themselves, at this Time; and by all other Christian Nations of Europe, as a meer Butchery, a bloody and unnatural Piece of Cruelty, unjustifiable either to God or Man; and such, as for which the very Name of a Spaniard is reckon'd to be frightful and terrible to all People of Humanity, or of Christian Compassion: As if the Kingdom of Spain were particularly Eminent for the Product of a Race of Men, who were without Principles of Tenderness, or the common Bowels of Pity to the Miserable, which is reckon'd to be a Mark of generous Temper in the Mind.

我若这样做，无异于承认那些西班牙人在美洲的暴行是正当的了。大家都知道，西班牙人在美洲屠杀了成千上万的当地土人。这些土著民族崇拜偶象，确确实实是野蛮民族；在他们的风俗中，有些仪式残忍野蛮，如把活人祭祀他们的偶像等等。可是，对西班牙人而言，他们都是无辜的。西班牙人这种杀人灭种的行为，无论在西班牙人自己中间，还是在欧洲各基督教国家中谈论起来，都引起极端的憎恶和痛恨，认为这是一种兽性的屠杀，一种人神共恨的残酷不仁的暴行。&西班牙人&这个名词，在一切具有人道主义思想和基督徒同情心的人们中，成了一个可怕的字眼，就仿佛只有西班牙这个国家才出这样的人：他们残酷不仁，对不幸的人竟毫无怜悯之心；而同情和怜悯正是仁慈品德的标志。

The conquistadors arriving at the end of the film made for unlikely saviors: an estimated 90% of indigenous American population was killed by smallpox from their infected livestock.

电影最后西班牙人的到来也并不意味着他们是救世主：估计有90%的本地美洲人都死于天花，其病源就是西班牙人养着的被感染了天花的牲畜。

Though I miscarried so much in my design for large pots, yet I madeseveral smaller things with better success; such as little roundpots, flat dishes, pitchers, and pipkins, and any things my handturned to; and the heat of the sun baked them quite hard.

西班牙人这种杀人灭种的行为，无论在西班牙人自己中间，还是在欧洲各基督教国家中谈论起来，都引起极端的憎恶和痛恨，认为这是一种兽性的屠杀，一种人神共恨的残酷不仁的暴行。

I WAS now in the twenty-third year of my residence in this island,and was so naturalised to the place and the manner of living, that,could I but have enjoyed the certainty that no savages would cometo the place to disturb me, I could have been content to havecapitulated for spending the rest of my time there, even to thelast moment, till I had laid me down and died, like the old goat inthe cave.

过了一些时候，并没有见野人的独木舟出现，我害怕他们反攻的担心也就渐渐消失了，并重又开始考虑坐船到大陆上去的老问题。我之所以重新考虑这个问题，还有另一个原因，那就是，星期五的父亲向我保证，我若到他们那儿去，他们全部族的人一定会看在他的面上，十分友好地接待我。可是，当我和那西班牙人认真交谈之后，又把这个念头暂时收起来了。因为他告诉我，目前他们那边还有十六个西班牙人和葡萄牙人。

San Bernardino is currently 56% Hispanic, and growing.

目前，圣伯纳迪诺人口中有56%是西班牙人，并且仍有西班牙人不断涌入。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。