西方国家

"Western governments and funding agencies need to continue to build capacity and train future generations of scientists and doctors on-site in new technologies," added Professor Gotch. Countries need resources to maintain and sustain not only the facilities and equipment, but also staff in these countries who are trained and motivated.

"西方国家政府和基金组织需要继续帮助发展中国家进行能力建设，在当地训练下一代科学家和医生使用新的技术"，戈琪教授补充说：这些国家不仅需要花钱保养和维持现有的设施和装备，而且还需要花钱雇佣在本国接受过训练的专业人员。

Some foreign armies , especially in western countries,usually use munificent substantial treatment and better welfare guarantee to keep the troops in high moral,meanwhile they pay much attention to serviceman's political education.

一些国家特别是西方国家的军队，不仅依靠优厚的物质待遇，较好的福利保障来维系军队的士气，也很重视部队的政治教育：进行国家观念教育，培养军人的国家利益至上的观念

The core task of the reform of Chinese administrative system is to transform the government functions,which is the first problem the principle of subsidiarity solved.

此后的半个世纪，辅助性原则在西方国家解决国家与个人关系、中央与地方关系以及欧洲一体化与国家主权之间的关系中扮演了重要角色。

The paper consists of following contents:(1)starting with a historicalreview of the use-of-force,this paper reveals a paradoxical evolvementof the two trends in use-of-force,compares the absolutization andinfinity with controllability and finity of the use-of-force,and clarifiesnew characteristics of the use-of-force in post-Cold War era;(2)bysystematically analyzing the era background from the viewpoints ofeconomic globalization,political multipole,military high tech,national separatism and the hegemonism,the paper clarifies factorslimiting and stimulating the use-of-force;(3)by analyzing the lawbackground mainly from the viewpoint of international laws,the paperespecially centralizes the discussion on restrictions made by moderninternational laws on the use-of-force and their limits,dissects thechallenges brought up by the high tech war to international laws;(4)the use-of-force by UN and other regional international organization;(5)refuting the theory of"humanitarian intervention"advocated bythe USA and certain western countries,the paper expatiates the rightrelations between human rights and sovereignty,and demonstrates therightness of the sovereignties and UN;(6)the basic guidelines of theuse-of-force in the post-Cold War era.

分别从经济全球化、政治多极化、军事高技术化以及民族分离主义的泛滥、霸权主义的恶性膨胀等方面系统分析冷战后武力使用的时代背景，揭示出冷战后时代同时存在的限制、约束武力使用的因素，以及诱发、刺激武力使用的因素。（3）主要从国际法的角度分析武力使用的法律背景，着重探讨现代国际法对武力使用的规范和制约作用以及这种作用的有限性，同时剖析现代高技术战争对国际法提出的挑战。（4）主要探讨联合国以及区域性国际组织在冷战后使用武力的实践以及存在的问题。（5）驳斥以美国为首的某些西方国家所鼓吹的&人道主义干涉&论，阐述人权与主权的正确关系，论证主权国家和联合国并没有过时，不能用非人道手段解决人道主义问题。（6）系统提出了冷战后国家间使用武力应遵守的基本准则。

In its drive to secure reliable supplies of raw materials, it is said, China is coddling dictators, despoiling poor countries and undermining Western efforts to spread democracy and prosperity.

他们认为为了更安全得获得原材料的供应，中国正在联合&独裁国家&，挤兑弱小国家，同时诋毁西方国家在民主上做出的贡献。

Our main products: soup kettle, bain marie, meat slicer and vegetable cutter mainly suitable to hotel and restaurant in the west countries of Europe and America, and with national patent, and have obtained the certificate of CE, ETL and NSF, also our goods comply with the standard of ROHS, up to now, our goods exported to Germany, Italy, UK, France, Russia, etc over than 40 countries and areas of Europe and America, our goods with good market and comply with the industry developing policy of nation, our export sum in year of 2006 is USD2790000.00. We past the certificate of ISO9001:2000 in Jan of 2002, owe many items of national patents, including two patents of invent.

公司主导产品电汤锅、电汤池、切片机、切菜机等系列产品适用于欧美等西方国家用于星级宾馆、酒店等场所的餐饮设备，拥有自主知识产权，通过了欧盟的CE认证、北美的ETL和NSF认证，符合绿色环保ROHS指令，产品出口到德国、意大利、英国、法国、俄罗斯等欧美40多个国家和地区，产品市场前景广阔，符合国家产业政策，且填补了省内空白，2006年公司出口创汇279万美元。2002年元月通过ISO9001：2000国际质量管理体系认证，拥有多项中华人民共和国国家专利，其中两项是发明专利。

The thesis takes the fundamental education as its focus, and the new public management theory as its logic support, and applies the case research method to analyze the background under where the current western countries" fundamental education administrative system is brought out, and discuss the this system"s establishment process, and finds out policy suggestions appropriate for Chinese quasi-marketing reform on fundamental education which are expected to provide more theorise reference for the decision-makers of Chinese fundamental education.

本文研究定位于基础教育，以新公共管理学理论基础为逻辑支撑，运用案例研究方法，分析当代西方国家基础教育管理体制制定的背景，探讨制定过程，总结西方国家基础教育管理体制制定过程的共性和个性，挖掘其对我国基础教育准市场化改革的政策建议，期望对国内基础教育政策决策者提供理论参考。

I wonder if this is stange to Western ears, when many Western countries are trying to ban headscarves.

这对西方国家听起来可能有些陌生，但确实许多西方国家在禁止佩戴头巾。

Similar work has not been done in developing countries, where the sociolinguistic situation and learning ethos of target students are very different.

，但是类似的工作还没有在发展中国家开始发展，发展中国家的社会语言环境和学者研究的目标等和西方国家有很大的不同。

The dramatic increase in asthma prevalence in westernised countries in recent decades, and the development of asthma in susceptible individuals who have migrated to a western country, suggests that environmental factors, such as dietary intake, must play a role in the onset and development of the disease.

近几十年，西方国家的哮喘发病率呈现急剧增长，而且移居西方国家的一些易感人群也出现哮喘症状，这表明环境因素，如饮食摄入，在哮喘的发作和发展中起到了重要作用。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。