西方

The limitations of the research on Western political development are Occidentalism.

西方政治发展研究的不足是西方主义立场比较明显，一些政治发展主题得不到应有的重视，理论观点不够完善。

The Perils of Occidentalism: How Arab Novelists are Driven to Write for Western Readers.

西方主义的威胁破坏：阿拉伯小说家如何被迫为西方写作〉《伊斯兰世界》(1998年4月24日)∶8-9。

"Occidentalism"(as an inversion of "Orientalism") is a word I would like to use to describe the idea that images of the West in Chinese/Asian/Oriental people's minds, usually constructed by what they see on TV, in the movies, on the internet, in advertisements, ect., often generate fantasies in their minds and therefore an Utopia of their own.

"西方主义"这个词我在这里用来描述一个事实，即中国人/亚洲人/东方人日常在电视、电影、互联网、广告等媒体上获得的对西方的印象往往给他们造成一种幻想，于是形成他们自己脑中的乌托邦。

Chinese writers have been marginalized over the past century in various ways; for mainland writers from 1949-1979, the marginalization resulted from ideology; for Chinese writers neglected in the canon of world literature, the cause was Western ethnocentricity; and for specific writers, the sanctions have resulted from the prejudice of Orientalism and of Occidentalism.

上个世纪以来，华人世界的许多作家们由于种种原因被社会边缘化了。比如说，中国大陆的作家在1949-1979年间，由于意识形态的政治原因，被边缘化了。由于西方文化中心主义的原因，中国的作家们被挡在了世界文学的大门之外。另外一些作家不幸沦为"东方主义"和"西方主义"辩论的牺牲品。

It appeared the dual characteristic: Occidentalism—reforming the literary tradition according to western literary thought; Siniticism—interpreting western literary thought according to Chinese classical literature.

最后，文章以"情感与想象"、"象征与表现"为中心，通过思想观念、价值取向、表现技法等方面的分析，探讨了屈骚诗学对中国现代浪漫主义、现代主义的建构性作用，从中显现出现代文学根据西方改造传统、根据传统会解西方的"异化"与"归化"的双重特征。

And the westernized women's clothing formed, namely the women's clothing of Shanghai's style.2、 Westernized subject content that the westernization of the modeling element is the women's clothing, and modeling westernization of element clothing structure, clothing modeling form change that westernization brings of craft in fact: The westernization of the element of the surface fabric, on one hand influenced by western artistic style, on one hand textile technology, westernized result of technology of dyeing ; The auxiliary materials element is occidentalized to followthe direct result of western fashion , aesthetic change.3、 Key point that Shanghai women's clothing is westernized that widewesternization is the Republic of China period, occidentalize to make the wholeform of the women's clothing changed into the Western-style S type from thetraditional H type in wide type, the change of such external form is the widecultural transition to narrow clothes decorations culture of clothes decorations infact.4、 In the westernized course of the women's clothing of the Republic of ChinaShanghai, 1920 times rely mainly on the fact that the dress is matched andoccidentalized ; 1930 times rely mainly on occidentalizing in modeling ; And1940 times rely mainly on the fact that the auxiliary materials are occidentalized .

局部西化女装是在保留部分传统女装构成元素的基础上，通过造型元素西化、面料元素西化或辅料元素西化，而形成的西化女装，即海派女装。 2、造型元素的西化是女装西化的主体内容，而造型元素的西化实质上是服装结构、工艺的西化带来的服装造型形态变化；面料元素的西化，一方面是受到西方艺术风格的影响，一方面是纺织技术、染色技术的西化结果；辅料元素西化多是追随西方流行时尚、审美变化的直接结果。 3、廓型的西化是民国时期上海女装西化的关键所在，廓型西化使得女装的整体形态由传统的H型转变为西式的S型，这种外在的形态的改变实质上是宽衣服饰文化向窄衣服饰文化的过渡。 4、民国上海女装的西化过程中，1920年代以服饰搭配西化为主；1930年代以造型西化为主；而1940年代以辅料西化为主。

Since 1970s'the rational official system could not have an active response to the post-industrial society because of its abuses Consequently, most Western advanced countries started the administration reform against the officialism. Because the developing stages between China and the West are different and the officialism in China is still at its beginning and we can't banish the rational officialism, so we should further perfect it. We should further perfect modern bureaucracy and select the essence of new management to develop China's administration.

但随着现代社会的发展，其弊端也日益暴露出来。20世纪70年代以来，由于理性官僚制的一些先天性缺陷以及其过度发展导致的与后工业社会的不适应，西方发达国家掀起了以摒弃"官僚制"为主题的"新公共管理运动"，然而由于我国与西方发达国家所处发展阶段以及官僚制的发育程度不同，我国当前的改革不仅不能摒弃官僚制，而且还要为官僚制补课，我们只能立足现实，以继续完善现代官僚制为首要任务，探索适合我国未来管理发展的新模式。

Chinese family business is on the up grade after the reformation and open to international economy. But local research also lack to synthesize analysis to system of western family enterprise, and need to be used as a mirror the western family business enterprise, and come to outlook the future of the Chinese family business, and to face the problem that appear in Chinese family business development and draw lessons from already some experience with the development regulation of the family business with deep comprehension.

中国家族企业在改革开放后正方兴未艾，但国内的研究也缺乏对西方家族企业系统综合分析，需要将西方家族企业作为一面镜子，来展望中国家族企业的未来、正视中国家族企业发展中出现的问题、借鉴已有的经验和深刻理解家族企业的发展规律。

Taiji Daoism and Communist Sociology set Eastern and Western philosophies at two poles respectively and transform the contradictory relationship of unity of oppositeness between Eastern and Western civilizations into a perfectly fusing relationship of unity of complementation , forming a complementary movement of the two major civilizations and the new ideological connotation of a new human civilization .

太极道学和共产社会学把东方哲学与西方哲学分列两极，以太极圆融把东方文明与西方文明之间的对立统一的矛盾关系改变为互补统一的圆融关系，从而形成两大文明思想的互补运动，以此形成人类新文明的思想内涵。

Taiji Daoism and the Communist Daoism set Eastern and Western philosophies at the two poles and transform the contradictory relationship of unity of oppositeness between Easter and Western civilizations into the perfectly fusing relationship of unity of complementation, forming the complementary movement of the two major civilizations and the new ideological connotation of the new human civilization.

太极道学和共产道学把东方哲学与西方哲学分列两极，以太极圆融把东方文明与西方文明之间的对立统一的矛盾关系改变为互补统一的圆融关系，从而形成两大文明思想的互补运动，以此形成人类新文明的思想内涵。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。