西伯利亚的

We organized and identified the specimens which collected in the insects specimens laboratory of life science and technology department of Xinjiang university, from almost everywhere of Xinjiang with combination of the conventional methods and the electroscopic scanning technique.

本文采用常规鉴定方法与雄性外生殖器解剖相结合，辅以扫描电镜观察，对收藏于新疆大学生命科学与技术学院昆虫室20年来积累的标本及三年在校期间系统地采集于全疆各地的拟步甲类标本进行了整理与鉴定，结合野外考察及重要类群的生物学研究，研究其区系成份，并对其区系特征及地理分布状况进行了系统的分析，主要研究成果如下：1）初步查明新疆拟步甲科昆虫共计266种，分隶于23族72属，其中35种为中国新记录种，3种为拟步甲类新种，作新种记述，并附图片；在研究过程中初步探讨了拟步甲的中文命名问题； 2）新疆拟步甲种类繁多，其区系成分分析显示，除12种为广布种以外，共有6种区系成分，其中中亚细亚种为最多，有87种，占已种的32.7﹪；其次依次为中央亚细亚种和特有种，分别为81种和65种，各占已知种类的30.5﹪和24.4﹪；泛古北种12种，占4.5﹪；欧洲西伯利亚种7种，占2.6﹪；欧洲中亚种最少，仅有2种，占0.75﹪，并根据新疆拟步甲科昆虫区系成分分析了其起源问题； 3）新疆拟步甲科昆虫的地理分布表明，分布于准噶尔盆地的种类最为丰富，计161种，占新疆已知种的60.5﹪；其次是塔里木盆地92种，占已知种的34.6﹪；东疆诸盆地63种，占23.7﹪；伊犁谷地56种，占21.1﹪；在三大山系中，天山山系的拟步甲种类最多，为54种，占20.3﹪；阿尔泰山山系28种，占10.5﹪；昆仑山山系13种，占4.9﹪。

According to the energy conservation theory, BOM and CSIM4 were coupled. The BOM has no treatment on transmission solar radiation, which is of great importance when the model is adapted to Arctic Ocean. So the treatment was introduced to BOM. Through numerical test on different lead albedos, it was found that sea ice thickness is not so sensitive to lead albedo, which may be contribute to the lead occupies little ratio within multiyear sea ice pack. The reason of summer over-melt of arctic sea ice is the NCEP reanalysis downward solar radiation being larger than its reality. Then the arctic sea ice climate variability was simulated. Results showed that: simulated ice thickness change is in accord with the submarine investigated mean sea-ice draft changes. Simulated annually maximum ice thickness along the Eurasian continental oceans are closely related to the observed ones. The long-term mean simulated ice motion has the same features of the SSM/I derived ice motion. Sea ice extents in differential sub-regions have same trends comparing to the satellite passive-microwave data derived ones. Simulated ice concentration is closely related to the observed in the Arctic sub-regions. Sea ice flux through the Fram Strait involves ice concentration, motion and thickness. It is a composite criterion for sea ice model evaluation. The simulated ice area and volume export through the strait accord with the satellite derived or statistically reconstructed ones.(5) The simulated ice thickness climate variability and mean sea surface current of the coupled model were analyzed, results showed: the total ice volume in the Arctic Ocean has a significant decreasing trend. The volume variability is of a 10-year timescale oscillation, with two major periods of 12-13a and 18-20a. Mean ice thickness in the arctic sub-seas has different tendencies. It has an increasing trend in the Barents-Kara Sea and Baffin Bay-Labrador Sea, and decreasing in the others. The characteristic time scale of 7-10a wherein the river discharges leads the Fram Strait ice volume export is about the period that river water takes to be conveyed across the Arctic Ocean.(6) Using the simulated ice distribution in the Arctic Ocean and China precipitation, air temperature and SST in tropical key regions, the climate teleconnection were studied. Result showed: When the mean sea ice thickness is large in the central Arctic Ocean and Chukchi-Beaufort Sea , and small in the Barents-Kara Sea and Baffin Bay-Labrador Sea , the precipitation in South China, Tibetan Plateau, and the north part of Northeastern China are always smaller than normal, and v. v. When the mean ice thickness is small in CA, BC, East Siberian Sea and Greenland-Iceland-Norwegian Sea , and large in BL, The air temperature in north-eastern China, the southern of Tibetan Plateau, and Hainan Island, are always lower than normal, and v. v. In addition, when the sea ice is thick in BC and BL, the SST is larger in the middle and eastern Pacific Ocean, and is smaller in the tropical Southeastern Indian Ocean.

由于BOM没有考虑透射太阳辐射的物理过程，研究表明透射太阳辐射对北冰洋的能量收支起到重要作用，因此在BOM模式中引入了对透射太阳辐射的处理；通过对不同水道反照率的数值试验表明海冰厚度对水道反照率的敏感性不强，可能与海冰区水道面积占的比率很小有关；而模式模拟的北极海冰夏季&过度融化&主要源于NCEP再分析资料提供了偏大的太阳短波辐射；对北极海冰的气候变率进行了模拟研究，结果表明：模拟的海冰厚度变化与潜艇探测的海冰吃深度变化具有一致性；模拟和观测的亚欧大陆沿海的年内最大海冰厚度有很好的相关；模拟的海冰移速与长期平均的卫星反演的海冰移速具有相同的速度分布特征；模拟的各个海区海冰面积的变化趋势与卫星反演资料分析的结果基本一致；模拟与观测的主要海洋分区的海冰密集度具有很好的相关：弗瑞姆海峡的海冰体积和面积的输送涉及到海冰密集度、厚度和移动速度，是判断模式模拟能力的一个综合的指标，模式模拟的结果与卫星反演或重建的面积输送、体积输送具有很好的一致性；(5)分析了模拟的北极海冰厚度的气候变率及气候平均表层海流场，结果表明：北极海冰的总体积有显著减少的趋势，北极海冰总体积的变化具有10a际尺度振荡的特点，存在18-20a和12-13a两个主周期；北极海冰的平均厚度在各个海区的变化趋势不同，在巴伦支—喀拉海和巴芬湾—拉布拉多海地区海冰厚度有显著的增加趋势，而其它海区存在减少的趋势；通过对模拟的气候平均表层海流的分析表明，北极河流流量超前弗瑞姆海峡海冰流量7-10年的特征时间尺度与表层海流的气候分布存在着必然联系：(6)利用模拟结果以及中国降水、气温和热带关键区SST资料，讨论了北极各海区海冰平均厚度与中国降水、气温以及热带关键区SST的关系，结果表明：在北极中心海区和楚科奇—波弗特海海冰厚度偏大，在巴伦支—喀拉海以及巴芬湾—拉布拉多海海冰厚度偏小，则中国降水在华南地区、青藏高原和东北北部降水偏少，反之相反；在北极中心海区、东西伯利亚海、楚科奇—波弗特海以及格陵兰海海冰厚度偏小，在巴芬湾—拉布拉多海海冰厚度偏大，则在中国东北地区、高原南部地区和海南岛附近气温偏低，反之相反；另外，北极楚科奇—波弗特海和巴芬湾—拉布拉多海海冰厚度偏大时，在热带中东太平洋海温偏高，而在热带东南印度洋海温偏低。

Nor could I pass unnoticed the suggestion of the bleak shores of Lapland, Siberia, Spitzbergen, Nova Zembla, Iceland, Greenland, with 'the vast sweep of the Arctic Zone, and those forlorn regions of dreary space,- that reservoir of frost and snow, where firm fields of ice, the accumulation of centuries of winters, glazed in Alpine heights above heights, surround the pole and concentre the multiplied rigours of extreme cold.

而大西洋的汹涌波涛，泻入了狂暴的赫布里底群岛。还有些地方我也不能看都不看，一翻而过，那就是书中提到的拉普兰、西伯利亚、斯匹次卑尔根群岛、新地岛、冰岛和格陵兰荒凉的海岸。广袤无垠的北极地带和那些阴凄凄的不毛之地，宛若冰雪的储存库。

The Siberian Husky is a medium-sized working dog, quick and light on his feet and free and graceful in action. His moderately compact and well-furred body, erect ears and brush tail suggest his Northern heritage. His characteristic gait is smooth and seemingly effortless. He performs his original function in harness most capably, carrying a light load at a moderate speed over great distances. His body proportions and form reflect this basic balance of power, speed and endurance.

西伯利亚哈士奇是一种中型的工作犬，足步轻盈快捷，行动优雅，它适度结实和良好的皮毛、直竖的耳朵、毛刷式的尾巴都提示了它的北方动物遗传特性，它特有的步态是平顺，似乎不花任何力气，在日常工作中它尤其能出色地执行其天生的功能：以平缓的速度负载不重的货物走很长的距离，其身体的比例和构成反映出它力量速度和耐力的基本平衡。

In Xinjiang, the Talimu River has shrunk by a third causing complete water depletion in the lower reaches. Bones of wild animals who had depended on the "dessert source of life" littered the erstwhile lush river banks. In the Great Northern Wilderness in Heilongjiang, Siberian tigers, bears, river deer, red-crowned cranes, swans and sturgeons disappeared. Similar situation also happened in Xishuangbanna, China's biggest rainforest. Asiatic elephants were driven to the neighboring Burma, Laos and Thailand due to extensive land reclamation.

在新疆，塔里木河缩短了三分之一，导致下游水量的全面损耗，曾依靠&沙漠水源&生存的野生动物纷纷死亡，尸体散落在曾经郁郁葱葱的班克斯河边，在黑龙江的北大荒，西伯利亚虎、熊、驯鹿，丹顶鹤，天鹅和鲟鱼踪影全无；相似的情况也发生在西双版纳，中国最大的雨林，巨大的垦荒范围将亚洲象驱赶到邻国缅甸，老挝和泰国。

Resting in Russia's North Siberian Lowland, this Arctic coastal plain has a Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde complex. In the winter it is an unlivable, harsh tundra, but in the spring, it supports a diverse crowd of wildlife, including fish, sea mammals, wolves, and millions of migratory birds. The delta is fed by the north-flowing Lena River—one of the longest in the world at 2,800 miles (4,400 kilometers).

静止的在俄罗斯北西伯利亚低地，这是北极圈的海岸平原，在冬天是不能居住的冻土地带，但是到了春天，它提供不同的拥挤的野生动植物，包括鱼类，海上哺乳动物，狼群，和数百万迁徙的鸟群，这三角州依靠北面流来的Lena河――是世界最长的河流（4400公里）之一。

These people are rich in beauty, including a blond, tall, imposing Slavs, Persians in Transcaucasia, Siberia, white calm of the Mongols and Turkic peoples of Central Asia unrestrained ...... of different blood, different genes collision integration, synthesis the advantages of all races, he created a Russian girl's natural beauty.

这些民族都盛产美女，其中包括金发碧眼、高大挺拔的斯拉夫人、外高加索的波斯人、西伯利亚白皙沉静的蒙古人和奔放的中亚突厥人……不同的血缘，不同的基因碰撞融合，综合了各种族的优点，便造就了俄罗斯姑娘的天生丽质。

Therefore, despite early November 1941, the Kremlin has been in sight in the distance, the Soviet government and foreign embassies have been moved to Moscow 800 km east of the kuibyshev, but on November 7 As in previous years, Stalin still in Red Square October Revolution Day military parade conducted by the troops available (including from the Far East and Siberian Military District to transfer the force) has just been reviewed to receive input on the battlefield, to December 5, 1941 the Germans were to stop the offensive, they have the logistical supply line To the limit, along with fronts in the rear of the guerrillas continue to undermine the Soviet Union, has been difficult to attack the front-line troops, following the Victoria - the German "invincible" crush on this myth.

所以尽管1941年11月初，克里姆林宫已遥遥在望，苏联政府和外国使馆已迁往莫斯科以东800公里的古比雪夫，但11月7日斯大林依然如往年一样在红场进行十月革命节阅兵，受阅部队（包括由远东及西伯利亚军区调来的部队）刚刚接受完检阅即被投入战场，到1941年12月5日德国人的攻势被遏止时，他们的后勤补给线已经达到极限，再加上战线后方苏联游击队的不断破坏，前线部队的进攻已经难以维继了——德军&天下无敌&的神话就此粉碎。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。