装配

Because assembly constraint solving is required frequently in assembly design, to improve solving efficiency and stability considerately are of great importance to real time requirement in engineering.

由于装配设计中，设计变量、零件模型的修改之后都需要重新求解装配约束以便得到新的实体装配模型，因此提高装配约束的求解效率和求解稳定性对于满足工程设计中的实时性要求具有重要意义。

One is by knowledge Petri net First AND/OR graph was evolved by calculating cut set of relationship Matrix of parts which shows the assembly relation between the parts. Then the KPN was generated with AND/OR graph automatically. Running the KPN, an optimum assembly sequences was obtained last. The other is by Hopfield neural network.

一是利用知识PETRI网对装配过程进行建模，并自动规划出最佳装配序列的方法；这种方法首先根据产品装配的关联图，利用割集计算，自动生成产品装配的与/或图，由产品装配的与/或图转化成知识PETRI网，然后，运行此知识PETRI网，便可得产品的最佳装配序列。

Firstly, we briefly introduce the assembly model, analyze and evaluate the typical assembly model. Secondly, we propose a new-layered assembly model which is based on discrete face. At last, we briefly discuss how to use the DENEB system to abstract the information from the CAD model and how to add constrain information to the DENEB model.

首先，对装配模型进行了简要介绍，并对当前典型的装配模型及其特点进行了介绍和分析；其次，结合本文提出的装配规划算法提出了基于离散面片的层次化装配模型；最后，简要介绍了如何通过DENEB系统对CAD模型中的信息进行抽取以及如何添加约束信息。

Some statistical properties of product assembly are obtained on the basis of industrial investigation of assembly procedure and analysis of assembly operations of typical products; concept of fuzzy quotient set is introduced to the study of assembly sequence planning and a theoretical frame and algorithm for assembly sequence planning based on product fuzzy quotient set is presented; theory and method of fuzzy automata and fuzzy decision are used in the investigation of sensor based assembly sequence planning and a theoretical frame and algorithm for assembly sequence planning based on information sensing of assembly process are presented; an assembly model for product is put forward; study of product disassemblability is carried on.

论文通过对产品装配工艺的工厂调研及典型产品的装配作业分析得到了有关产品装配的一些统计特征；将模糊商集合的概念引入装配顺序规划的研究中，提出了基于产品模糊商集合的装配顺序规划的理论框架和算法；将模糊自动机及模糊决策的理论和方法应用到基于感知的装配顺序规划的研究中，提出了基于装配过程信息感知的装配顺序规划的理论框架和算法；提出了一种产品装配模型；进行了产品可拆卸性的研究。

The main jobs of this paper are as followed: 1 The reuse of the frame design technology for aircraft assembly fixtures is researched. a frame line part library is built with the templet driven technology, the reuse of the frame line part come true by the tools for instantiation and instance modification. The design resources are effectively used, some repeating work is cut. 2 Two methods to obtain the assembly feature are proposed: the straight way by the Enumeration method and the indirect way by project features to the assembly plane. All of the assembly features of the frame and the adjustable bearings are obtained by these two methods which makes the frame automatic assembly technology for aircraft assembly fixtures come true. 3 The frame automatic assembly technology aircraft assembly fixtures based on assembly features is researched. A binary tree assembly model is used to express the assembly information of the frame for aircraft assembly fixtures, the automatic assembly between the frame, the aircraft and the adjustable bearing is completed within the three steps: distribute, obtain and evaluate assembly feature. Finally, the efficiency of the frame assembly design is proved. 4The frame interpart modeling technology for aircraft assembly fixtures is researched, the intersection methods are concluded and the arithmetic of the single-cut, double-cut and inter-cut intersection is proposed, the interpart fast modeling of the frame design for aircraft assembly fixture come true. 5Based on the researches mentioned before, a sub-system of frame fast design for aircraft assembly fixture is developed on CATIA. The sub-system is used to design the aircraft assembly fixtures in a large aeronautics corporation and make a good- effect.

论文的主要工作如下： 1研究了飞机装配型架骨架设计重用技术，在总结归纳骨架线框结构类型的基础上，应用模板驱动的方法建立了骨架线框库，通过骨架线框零件的实例化和离线编辑实现骨架线框的重用，有效利用设计资源，减少重复劳动； 2提出穷举几何对象的装配特征直接获取方法，遍历零件模型的几何对象，从中捕捉所需装配特征，该方法简捷、高效；提出向装配面投影的装配特征间接获取方法，该方法在现有特征基础上生成装配特征，解决了部分装配特征难以直接获取的问题； 3研究了基于装配特征的飞机装配型架骨架自动装配技术，采用一种二叉树装配模型表达骨架的装配关系，并通过装配特征的分配、获取和赋值三个步骤，实现了骨架分别与飞机产品和可调支承的自动装配，避免了繁琐的人工交互操作，提高了骨架设计的效率和规范化程度； 4研究了飞机装配型架骨架零件间建模技术，在总结归纳骨架元件相贯处理方式的基础上，提出了骨架元件单剪切相贯、双剪切相贯和互剪切相贯的实现算法，简化了骨架相贯处理的过程； 5基于以上研究，在CATIA平台上开发了飞机装配型架骨架快速设计子系统，并应用于某大型航空企业的装配型架设计，提高了设计效率和设计质量。

During example analysis process, theoretical assembly model of microminiaturized circular shaft and sleeve is established, and stress-strain relationship with different parameters is deduced by virtual displacement principle; two finite element assembly models of D shaped shaft and gear, circular shaft and sleeve are established.

在实例分析过程中，建立了微小型圆轴和套装配的理论模型，通过虚位移原理得出装配过程中不同参数值下的应力应变关系；建立了圆轴与套装配、D型轴与齿轮装配的有限元模型，验证了数字化微装配中虚拟检测技术的正确性、必要性和重要性。

They are①ANN based nonlinear coding method to reduce coding delay②the conversion method of CBR streams to VBR streams to make the packeting delay negligible③human perception based main and subordinate packet method to reduce the influence of packeting delay④cell selective discarding and datagram selective shorten method to reduce queuing delay by alleviating the load of links⑤multitask cell or datagram multiplexing method to reduce packeting delay.

作者研究的重点，在于提出了若干降低编码、信息分组装配和分组排队时延的新方法，它们是：降低编码时延的ANN非线性编码法、大幅度降低分组装配时延的CBR码流VBR转换法、基于人耳听觉特性的主次信息分组装配降低时延法、新的降低排队时延和网络拥塞状态的信元选择性删除和数据报选择性截短适配法，以及降低分组装配时延的多任务复合装配法。

The paper chooses the assembly of aircraft digital assembly location as a research object, chooses the assembly of aircraft section as a research example, aims to study the method of aircraft digital assembly location, focuses on the research of the structure of digital assemble control prototype system for aircraft section based on laser measurement, develops the servo control device and related software based on LM629, ATmega128 and LMD18200, completes the construction of the system based on the assembly of aircraft section.

以飞机的数字化装配定位为研究对象，以飞机舱段的装配为例，以探索飞机数字化装配的方法为目的，通过对基于激光测量的飞机舱段数字化装配定位控制原型系统结构的研究，采用运动控制芯片LM629、单片机ATmega128和功率放大芯片LMD18200构成了伺服系统控制随动装置，并开发了相关软件系统，完成了基于舱段大部件装配的数字化装配定位控制原型系统的设计开发。

According to tire valve assembling craftwork, give the math model based on Petri Net and stimulate it, and get the best scheme. All these work afford a precondition and macroscopical guidance for study and making out a good function tire valve assembling equipment.3Have a deep research on the whole structure of the assembly equipment. Great innovation is presented in the design process of 9 suits of transmission machine and 5 sets assembly tongs, so that the structure is compact and the tongs have good fuctions. Especially, the design of tongs for extrusion is perfect as the author think.4 Hardware about control is selected carefully and software is programmed seriously.

故此，按照现有的气门芯装配工艺，运用Petri网对气门芯装配进行了数学建模，并对之进行了装配仿真，得出理想状态下的最优方案，为研制高效的气门芯装配系统提供了必要的前提条件和宏观指导； 3对装配系统的整体结构作了深入研究与规划；对9套送料机构和5套装配夹具进行了大胆的创新设计，使得整套系统结构紧凑，装配夹具性能优良，尤其是镦顶夹具的设计，为作者得意之作； 4控制系统硬件进行了精心选型，软件进行了认真编写。

In the auto-body assembly process, the sound joint configuration would reduce and/or eliminate assembly variation propagation between parts, because rational allocation and design of joint configuration enable to adjust assembly process locators to achieve slip joint absorb or compensate the variation accumulation to improve the assembly robustness, therefore, the paper study joint type design and configuration and describe a multi-station auto-body assembly propagation model.

在车身装配过程中，良好的接头设计可以减小甚至消除零部件间的装配公差的传播，而且合理的接头配置方案有助于装配偏差的减小与装配过程的稳定性，因此论文详细分析了接头类型设计与接头配置，并介绍了多站点车身装配偏差传播模型。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。