裂谷

By studying on isotopic chronology, terrane configuration and imaging logging data, the diabase intrusion in Zhanhua Sag is formed by tholeiite magma emplacing in Shahejie formation stratum on the rift tension background Lower Tertiary in North China. The diabase intrusion of Luo151 is composed possibly of three periods magma emplacement.

根据同位素年代学、岩体形态及成像测井资料的综合分析，沾化地区辉绿岩侵入体为早第三纪华北东部地区大规模裂谷拉张背景下，拉斑玄武岩岩浆侵位于沙河街组地层中形成，研究区内罗151井区辉绿岩体可能由三期岩浆侵位形成。

Much of the fascination of Ethiopia lies in its myriad historical sites, the obelisks and stele of Axum, the churches and coptic monasteries in the Tigre, in the Lake Tana isles and in the Lalibela: the African Jerusalem with its monolithic churches46; In Ethiopia there are also nine national parks, two of which include the mountain groups of the Simien and the Bale, while the others lie in the Rift Valley towards Kenya46; The unforeseeable wild landscapes are surely the main attraction of these parks, where many of the animal species are protected, and some of them are endemic to the area46; The proximity of Ethiopia to the Equator and the variety of its habitats make it one of the richest countries in Africa in wild bird life46

埃塞俄比亚这个国家最让人神往的便是它无数的历史古迹，方尖石塔，阿克苏姆石碑，教堂，塔纳湖岛Tigre的科普特人修道院，以及拉利贝拉的非洲耶路撒冷的岩石教堂。在埃塞俄比亚还有9个国家公园，其中两座公园包括塞米恩山和贝尔山山群，其他的则坐落在东非大裂谷接近肯尼亚。一望无际的土地就是这些公园吸引游客的地方，这里有很多被保护的动物物种，其中有些动物是这个地区特有的。埃塞俄比亚靠近赤道，它栖息地的各种各样使得这个国家成为南非野生鸟类最多的国家之一。

After that the territor ial extensional stress field caused by the plates movement and the mantle upheave etc. makes the Yishu fault system keep on cutting downward tend to form rift valley. The tectonism causes the fairly large-scale invasion of the small neutral -partial alkaline rock-bodies and the gold mineralization in the Linyi area.

燕山中期板块俯冲运动和地幔上涌等因素引起的区域性拉张作用使沂沭断裂继续向下深切张裂，向裂谷性质演化，造成沂南、临沂等地区较大规模中性偏碱性次火山岩型小岩体的侵入和火山喷发，在火山机构内或围绕次火山岩小岩体形成与中性偏碱性次火山岩有关的次火山岩型金矿化。

In comparison with the petrography and petrochemistry of hydrothermal sedimentary albitite in the Devonian of the Qinling, combined with the fact that its Lower Paleozoic belongs to a passive continental-margin rift environment on the northern margin of the Yangtze plate,the authors think that the Lower Paleozoic albitite in question is probably of hydrothermal sedimentary origin.

通过与秦岭泥盆纪热水沉积钠长石岩的岩相学及岩石化学对比，结合本区下古生界属于扬子北缘被动陆缘裂谷环境，初步认为这里下古生界钠长石岩可能属于热水沉积成因。

In addition, the features of elemental geochemistry of all samples suggest that (1) the EarlyTriassic andesitic rocks, characterized by characteristic natures of island arc volcanics, likely erupted in the subduction setting; that (2) the generation of LateTriassic rhyolites with an affinity of Alike granite and synchronously main body granites in the Lincang batholith displaying similar geochemical features, is closely related with the postcollision or latecollision setting; that (3) although the LateTriassic basic rocks partly show island arc volcanics such as highAl contents and NbTa depletion, some of them possessing highMg contents and mostly having traceelement ratios similar to intraplate basalt, which indicates that they erupted in the postcollision rift environment.

元素地球化学特征表明，早三叠世火山岩具有典型的岛弧火山岩的特征，暗示其很可能形成于俯冲的构造环境；中三叠世晚期的流纹岩与临沧花岗岩基主体具有非常相似的地球化学特征，结合其流纹岩具有A型花岗岩属性，表明该区中三叠世火成岩形成于碰撞后的构造背景；而晚三叠世基性火山岩虽然在地球化学特征上显示出与岛弧火山岩相似的高铝和NbTa的亏损，但其中部分火山岩具有高镁和板内玄武岩的微量元素比值特征，说明这些火山岩可能形成于碰撞后裂谷环境。

Advance in the study of Neoproterzoic mafic-ultramafic rocks in the western margin of the Yangtze craton has been reviewed in this paper. These rocks consists of 0.95—0.90 Ga orogenic rocks and 0.86-0.74Ga anorogenic rocks, which reflect Neoproterozoic tectonic evolution from arc to intra-continental rift in the area.

本文著重总结和评述了扬子地块西缘的新元古代镁铁超镁铁质岩的最新研究成果，认为这一期岩浆活动是由约0.95~0.90 Ga造山带的岩浆活动和0.83~0.74 Ga非造山的岩浆活动组成，反映了从岛弧到板内裂谷的构造演化模式。

Yitzhak Rabin and King Hussein invited me to witness the signing ceremony on October 26, in the Wadi Araba border crossing in the great Rift Valley.

签字仪式将于10月26日在位于大裂谷的阿拉巴谷边境站举行。伊扎克。拉宾和侯赛因国王邀请我到场作见证。

A leading hypothesis is that Echus Chasma, at 100-kilometers long and 10-kilometers wide, was once one of the largest water sources on Mars.

有一种主要假说认为，这长达100公里，宽为10公里的Echus裂谷曾经是火星上最大的水源之一。

If true, water once held in Echus Chasma likely ran over the Martian surface to carve the impressive Kasei Valles, which extends over 3,000 kilometers to the north.

如果假设成立，曾经Echus裂谷内的水在火星表面流淌，从而侵蚀出了卡塞峡谷，这条峡谷向北一直延伸了3，000多公里。

Subchondritic or approximate chondritic Nb/Ta rations are observed in mantle-derived plagioclase granites and alkaline granites related to the tectonic settings of rift or hot sports. General granites possess very low Nb/Ta (0), even Nb/Ta ≤1 for highly evolved granites.

花岗岩中的幔源斜长花岗岩及与裂谷、热点环境有关的碱性花岗岩Nb/Ta比值近于地球平均值，而普通S型及I型花岗岩，特别是高演化花岗岩，Nb/Ta比值均明显低于球粒陨石(0)，甚至呈现Nb/Ta≤1。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。