被抑制的

Morphological conversion from spiralto coccoid forms occurred when HP was cultured with selenium and most of coccoid forms had fragmentary flagella and pilus; the effection of selenium to activity of urease, catalase, alkaline phosphatase is not exist or not evidence; selenium enable pET32a-vacA-E.coli BL21 which can express VacA produce yellow lipochrome, and the color become deeper with increasing of concentration of selenium; selenium can decrease expression of recombined VacA by restrain the growth of pET32a-vacA-E.coli,but can not influence activity and gene sequence of VacA; selenium can enhance the suppression effect of recombined VacA for gastric cancer cell, depress the index of cell multiplication and the forming rate of colony, decrease the number of cell in S period, increase total of cell in G period; After purified, the recombined VacA can be identified by VacA antibody.

体外实验结果表明：一定浓度的硒作用HP后，HP菌落数量随着硒浓度的增加而减少，菌落颜色由灰白色变为砖红色，溶血现象随硒浓度的增加和作用时间的延长而逐渐消失，HP的形态由弯曲形变为球形或椭圆形，鞭毛及菌毛出现脱落现象；硒对尿素酶、过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶活性无影响或影响不明显；一定浓度的硒能使表达VacA的pET32a-vacA-E.coli BL21工程菌产生脂溶性砖红色色素，颜色随硒浓度增加而加深；一定浓度的硒通过抑制pET32a-vacA-E.coli BL21工程菌的生长，减少重组VacA表达量，但不影响其空泡毒活性及编码基因序列；纯化后的VacA重组蛋白可被VacA抗体识别，具有良好的抗原性。

The results showed that (1) the positive staining of ChAT was obviously observed in the cells of the three kinds of human pituitary adenoma, however, it was lower than that in normal human pituitary gland;(2) ACh had a similar effect on the proliferation of the three kinds of human pituitary adenoma cells. ACh at 0.1～10 μmol/L decreased the ［3H］TdR incorporation and the MTT A value in a dose-dependent manner. At the same time, ACh decreased the ratio of S or G2 phase pituitary adenoma cells significantly, but increased the ratio of G1 phase pituitary tumour cells markedly;(3) the effect of acetylcholine on the proliferation of human pituitary adenoma cells was inhibited by atropine, but not by tubocurarine;(4) ACh had no effect on the apoptosis of human pituitary adenoma cells cultured in vitro.

结果发现：(1)三种垂体腺瘤细胞中均有胆碱酯酶的表达，但明显少于正常垂体；(2)ACh对三种类型的人垂体腺瘤细胞增殖代谢的影响相类似，不同浓度的ACh能明显抑制体外培养的三种人垂体腺瘤细胞的增殖，呈明显的剂量效应关系，同时ACh能减少垂体腺瘤细胞进入S、G2期的细胞比例，而使处于G1期的细胞比例增加；(3)ACh的这种作用可被阿托品阻断，但不受筒箭毒的影响；(4)ACh对体外培养的三种人垂体腺瘤细胞凋亡无明显影响。

Glioma is still one of refractory disease in the neurosurgical field; the development of new primary and adjuvant treatment is vital. Recently, the gene therapy of glioma is developed rapidly and there are many methods about the gene therapy that include: suicide gene therapy, immunologic gene therapy, drug resistangce gene therapy, angiostatin gene therapy and so on. The sucide gene therapy is the most potential approach of antitumer, these nonmammalian genes encode enzyme that convert nontoxic prodrugs into highly toxic metablites. Cells transfected with suicide genes are targeted for specific negative selection, witch can be induced by administrtion of the corresponding produg. Among the enzyme/produg combinations, two of the best characterized system are herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase /ganciclovir and Escherichia coli cytosine deaminase /5-flourocytosine (5-FC). The formor can convert the antiviral nucleoside analogs acyclovir , ganciclovir to their nucleoside monophosphate derivatives, the monophosphate forms are subsequently phosphorylated by endogenus cellular kinases to triphosphates, these molecules are potent inhibitors of DNA synthesis.

近年来脑胶质瘤的基因治疗发展迅速，应运而生的方法有自杀基因、免疫基因、多药耐药基因以及抗血管生成基因等，其中自杀基因被认为是最有前景的基因治疗方法，它又称病毒介导的酶／药物前体疗法，是利用转基因技术将哺乳动物细胞中所不含有的自杀基因转入到哺乳动物肿瘤细胞中，该基因表达的产物可将无毒的药物前体转化为毒性药物，从而选择性杀伤该肿瘤细胞，常用的自杀基因有单纯疱疹病毒-胸苷激酶基因和大肠杆菌胞嘧啶脱氨酶基因，前者催化无毒性抗病毒核苷类似物如丙氧鸟苷、无环鸟苷等成为单磷酸核苷衍生物，然后在内源性细胞激酶作用下转化为具有明显毒性的三磷酸核苷，作为DNA合成链的终止剂和DNA合成酶的抑制剂，干扰细胞DNA的合成；后者编码的胞嘧啶脱氨酶可催化5-氟胞嘧啶（5-FC）脱氨成为5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU），然后代谢为有毒性的5-氟尿嘧啶-5′三磷酸（5-FUTP）和5-氟-2′脱氧尿嘧啶-5′磷酸（5-FdUTP），5-FUTP通过与UTP竞争性结合而抑制mRNA和tRNA的合成，5-FdUTP则作用于胸苷合成酶，导致TMP衰竭而阻止DNA的合成，最终诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡。

In view of executive power to intervene in the allocation of resources over the reality of the situation, should intensify their efforts to clean up the recent各种乱收费, levies, and shut the power of the currency market of the "gray channel" reflects the strong focus on cleaning up the community, do not lead to monopolies fair competition policy, and actively create a fair and regulated competitive environment, maximizing the contribution of income and reflected on and so on; to be a more effective means of remediation of illegal income, seek to abuse the interests of individuals or small groups with severe punishment imposed for corruption ; At the same time, it is necessary to speed up the reform of the political system, and promote democratization and openness in decision-making, and strengthen the public service and acts of administrative bodies at all levels of supervision and constraints on the exercise of such power by the process of forming a comprehensive and reasonable mechanism for binding.

当中产阶级成为一个国家的主流群体时，就会结成一张维护社会长治久安的&安全网&。如果说&社会稳定是压倒一切的政治任务&的话，那么，扩大中产阶级的比重就是实现稳定的社会基础。如何促进中国中产阶级的快速发展？笔者认为当前应特别重视以下几个方面：（1）加强法律保护的力度。实践证明，只有依法保护私人产权和维护社会公正，才能促使人们凭借勤劳和智慧去创造财富，才能抑制少数人依仗权势&寻租&和通过贪污腐败手段暴富，才能防止百姓的私有财产不被权贵势力非法侵吞。这样，所有的人将可平等地获得上升的机会，私人资本和职业阶层也会有更大的成长空间。（2）大力发展公共教育事业。知识能够帮助人们改变命运，只有大力发展公共教育，才能使更多的人得到平等分享经济增长成果的机会，这是知识经济时代培育中产阶级的&树人工程&。我们要尽快普及12年制义务教育，大力开展终身教育，打造更多的学习型组织，营造学习型社会的氛围，从而使更多的人通过攀登知识阶梯而升入中产阶级。（3）加快金融创新。中国居民目前工资收入在家庭收入中的比重平均为70％左右，大大高于发达国家50％的水平。工资收入在家庭收入中的占比过大，自然会减缓大多数人进入中产阶级行列的步伐。我们认为，要提高居民收入中非工资收入的比重，最重要的措施就要培育居民的投资意识，并通过金融创新为他们提供多样化的投资工具（如形式多样的共同基金等）。（4）提高专业技术人员、经营管理者、教师、研究人员、公务员等智力劳动者的收入，鼓励智力劳动者进行智力投资，并保护相应的合法权益。（5）建立职业经理人激励机制（包括年薪、奖金、红股、期权等方式），形成职业经理人致富与企业发展互动的财富积累机制。

And they end up predominantly in the fine particle fraction in the fly ash duringcombustion.When biomass sample is pretreated by using chemical fractionation method,the content of volatile alkali in fuels decreases clearly and large amount of available C1 andS is also leached.So,during combustion the vaporization amount of alkali reduces and theformation of fine particle fraction in the fly ash is limited.

而当样品在经水洗分离和酸洗分离的化学处理后，燃料中易气化部分的碱金属元素含量大幅减少，大量水溶态或酸溶态的S，Cl等非金属&催化性&元素同时也被分离脱除，从而导致燃料样品燃烧时的碱金属气化量下降，且在成灰过程中向细微颗粒转化的途径也受到较大的抑制。

There are two important mechanisms for increasing laser power afteradding hydrogen:(1)The gas temperature and CuBr vapor density at the center of lasertube are reduced, it decreases collision energy depletion of electron and leads to increaseelectron temprature;(2)Electron density increases during the pulse, the skin effect andthe" black center" of laser are improved.

同时，脉冲期间的电子密度增加，电子密度的趋肤效应减弱，激光的&黑心&现象被改善。2存在一个最佳充氢范围，其原因是：充氢后，随着气体温度的进一步降低，电子温度和铜原子数密度也将下降，它们与使电子温度升高的因素相互制约，抑制了激光能级粒子数的增长。

To overcome the drawbacks in the weight and cost of the antenna with the corrugated soft surface, a new patch antenna with patch rings is designed. Its weight is about 1/4 less than the antenna with the corrugated soft surface and it is inexpensive. Good experimental results are obtained. The radiation pattern of the antenna is more rotationally symmetric, and a more reduction on the sidelobe levels of the antenna is achieved as compared to the antenna with the corrugated soft surface. In conclusion, in the present thesis both theoretical and experimental research works have been carried out intensively on patch antennas based on photonic-bandgap structures.

为了克服皱褶软表面天线份量重，加工费用贵等缺点，我们对空气介质的皱褶圆环结构软表面天线进行了改进，将周期分布的皱褶圆环平面化，并保持结构的软表面特性，设计出了一种新的平面圆环结构的软表面天线并进行了实验研究，加工的平面圆环结构天线比皱褶圆环结构天线重量减轻了约1/4，加工费用大大降低，所取得的实验结果显示，该平面圆环结构软表面天线的方向图的轴对称性得到了改善，在俯仰角从0°～-90°的范围内天线H面的波束与E面重合，与皱褶圆环结构相比，天线的旁瓣和背瓣受到了更大的抑制，E面方向图上+120°方向的旁瓣被明显削弱。

The Kibo laboratory segment being deployed during space shuttle Discovery's trip to the ISS can be pressurized and contains racks of scientific experiment that will be used to explore many things, including how plants brace themselves against gravity, and how water might be inhibited from freezing in cells under microgravity.

希望号试验舱的部分组建在发现号航天飞机此次国际空间站之旅展开的，舱内可以增压，并包含被用来研究许多新事物的科学仪器，其中包括植物如何逆重心生长，以及在微重力状态下细胞内的水分如何抑制凝结。每一条走过的路，都有它不得不这样蜿蜒盘旋的理由。

Pantaleo G,Graziosic,Demarest JF,et al.HIV infection is active and progressive in lymphoid tissue during the clinically latent stage of disease［J］.Nature,1993,362:355～360［5］Moss PAH,Rowland-Jones S,Frodsham PM,et al.Persistent high frequency of human immunodeficiency virus-specific cytolytic T cell in peripheral blood of infected donors［J］.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,1995,92:5773～5777

一些研究显示在无免疫肌肉大夫压力下体外传代HIV的状况类似体内免疫肌肉系统全面崩溃的感染血液末期的状况：HIV变异株相对少，株间变异小，但毒力强、复制快、病毒痔疮产量高，可形成多核巨细胞疑难等等；HIV在适应了体外培养的环境和宿主细胞疑难、失去了选择大夫压力后，少数变异株在传代过程中经逐步稀释后逃脱优势株的抑制逐渐被固定下来而成为新的优势株［7］。

Pantaleo G,Graziosic,Demarest JF,et al.HIV infection is active and progressive in lymphoid tissue during the clinically latent stage of disease［J］.Nature,1993,362:355～360［5］Moss PAH,Rowland-Jones S,Frodsham PM,et al.Persistent high frequency of human immunodeficiency virus-specific cytolytic T cell in peripheral blood of infected donors［J］.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,1995,92:5773～5777

一些研究显示在无免疫压力下体外传代HIV的状况类似体内免疫系统全面崩溃的感染末期的状况：HIV变异株相对少，株间变异小，但毒力强、复制快、病毒产量高，可形成多核巨细胞等等；HIV在适应了体外培养的环境和宿主细胞、失去了选择压力后，少数变异株在传代过程中经逐步稀释后逃脱优势株的抑制逐渐被固定下来而成为新的优势株［7］。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。