被害人

Together with it, the victim logy study enters a new era. The victim began to be studied by the jurisconsults. Due to many academicals expirations and judiciary progress, we have achieved a lot on the subjects of criminology and victim logy.

以色列律师阿明·盖得逊1947年发表的《被害人—生物、心理、社会学的一门新学科》的一文，预视着被害人学研究进入了一个新的时代，与此同时刑事法学研究者们忽视已久的被害人概念也重新进入了法学研究的平台。

During this part, the author utilizes the principles of the system economic to anatomize the structure of the cost and income for vicissitude about the State Compensation System.

作者提出了建立我国刑事被害人国家补偿制度的理念、基本原则，并且从实体和程序两个方面，提出了刑事被害人国家补偿的立法设计思路。

The history about droits of the injured party, the comparison of foreign legislation and the actuality, establishment and perfection about droits protection of the criminal injured party in China are estimated in this paper, and it is expected to bestead the study about droits protection of the criminal injured party in China.

本文即从刑事诉讼的角度，就被害人权利的历史发展、国外立法比较、我国刑事被害人权利保护的现状及构建与完善五个方面进行评析，以期能对我国刑事被害人的研究有所裨益。

But the early emphasis on victim compensation changed and the right to compensation was denied under the feudality. With the realization on crime Victims especially the promotion of the victim rights movement in 20th century, most countries today have provided compensation to crime victims.

随着人类对犯罪被害人认识的不断深化，尤其是在20世纪被害人运动的推动下，被害人国家补偿制度终于在世界大多数国家得以重新确立。

The public relief in modern society, we should stress that the status of the criminal victim in criminal procedure can not be absent, and the responsibility of states for the victim can not be missed. The relief mechanism for the rights of the victim needs to response to the demand of the interests of victim.

在现代社会的公力救济中，被害人在刑事诉讼中角色不能缺位，而且国家对被害人的责任不能缺失，被害人权利救济机制需要回应被害人的利益需求。

With the development of victimology and the movement of protecting victims, in order to protect legal rights and interests of victims, many countries have balanced procedural rights between the victim and the defendant, instead of the early concentrating on that of the defendant.

无论是被害人享有较高诉讼地位的大陆法系国家，还是被害人诉讼地位相对较低的英美法系国家，纷纷通过立法加强在刑事程序上对被害人的保障。

Since entering the newcentury, Chinese victimology research has yielded the substantial result, such as victim's status in litigation, victim'6rights, victim compensation, victim assistance, victim prevention and so on.

进入新世纪以来，我国被害人学领域取得了丰硕成果，在被害人诉讼地位、被害人权利、被害人补偿、被害人援助、被害预防等方面有了新进展。

Second, the body of knowledge of victimology may provide the systematic understanding of rape survivors for professional personnel to treat those victims properly.

有关强奸被害人之理论之探讨与实证研究，除可提供性侵害防治教育在防犯宣导上参考外，更可强化与灌输相关人员对强、轮奸被害人之系统性知识，提供警察人员、司法人员与辅导人员多所理解，进而以利侦办性侵害案件适当对待被害人，与事后辅导被害人之实施。

At the end of the thesis,practically and realisticallysummarizing the studies concerning this topic,the author believes to put forward thenew viewpoints in following aspects,i.e.the"theory of three-phase"for thedevelopment of victimology;the trends of the worldwide development of the redress ofthe victims'rights;the new method to protect the victims,which balances theprotection between the victims and inflictors to resume the victims'rights by setting upthe protective measures such as the national relief and social supporting system for thevictims,which rarely connects with their rights and interests directly;the necessity ofthe redress of the victims'rights in 6 aspects;the deficiencies on the issue of theredress of the victims'rights in the aspects of academic research and legislation;theelementary reflects on the constitutional foundation for the protection of the victims;the two-side analysis on the regulations for the protection of victims in new penal law;the suggestion to establish the system for investigation,statistics and proclamation ofvictimization;the design to consummate the rights and redress of the victims inappealing procedures;the assumption to establish the social supporting system of thevictims in China,and soon.

在论文的最后，实事求是地总结了自己关于本课题的研究，认为在以下若干方面提出了个人的新见解。提出了我国被害人学发展的"三阶段说"；提出了世界范围内犯罪被害人权利救济的发展趋势；提出了通过建立对犯罪被害人的国家补偿制度和社会支援体系这样的与加害人权益不大发生直接联系的犯罪被害人保护措施，来实现犯罪被害人的被害恢复，以求得加害人与被害人权利保护平衡的犯罪被害人权利保护方式的新思路；从六个方面提出了我国犯罪被害人权利救济的必要性；从理论研究和立法两个方面指出了我国在犯罪被害人权利救济问题上的欠缺点，其中对我国犯罪被害人的理论研究作了反思，对犯罪被害人保护的宪法依据作了初步的探讨，对新刑事诉讼法关于犯罪被害人的保护的规定作了一分为二的分析；提出了建立我国的犯罪被害调查、统计和公告制度的建议；提出了为了防止被害人的第二次被害，而完善犯罪被害人在诉讼程序中的权利与救济的方案；提出了构建我国犯罪被害人社会支援体系的设想。等等。

Chapter two simply introduces the evolution of the historical status of criminalvictims and analyse the should-be and importance of the status of victims byexpatiating the concept of victims.

第二章简单介绍刑事被害人的历史地位演变，通过对被害人概念的阐述来对被害人地位的应然性和重要性作一分析。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐