衰减的

And the influence factors such as suspension concentration,operating pressure,Reynolds number and Euler number were established.

结果表明，死端过滤速率衰减模型中过滤速率与时间呈幂函数关系、而十字流过滤速率衰减模型中过滤速率与时间则呈一次函数关系，死端过滤时悬浮液浓度和气压过滤压力对其过滤速率衰减模型系数的影响均呈三次函数关系，在十字流过滤时悬浮液浓度、操作压力以及雷诺数对模型系数b的影响均呈线性关系，轴向流十字流过滤速率衰减模型系数b与欧拉数呈反比，而旋转流十字流过滤时则模型系数a与欧拉数呈反比关系。

The experimental results revealed that 60% of cell decay in a nitrifying system was caused by activity decrease and 40% was caused by cell death. In a heterotrophic system, however, activity decrease was responsible for 80% of cell decay, and the other cell decay for 20% was caused by cell death.

结果表明，硝化系统细菌在衰减过程中由细胞活性降低引起的衰减约占60%，由细胞死亡引起的衰减约占40%；而在异养系统中由活性降低引起的衰减和由细胞死亡引起的衰减分别为80%和20%。

For intramolecular electron transfer reactions in solution,the fluctuations of the intramolecular vibrational modes are much faster than that of solvent mode.Thus,the reaction-diffusion equation is commonly used to describe the motion of solvent,with a sink function to treat the vibrational high-frequency mode.Based on this theory-so -called the Sumi-Marcus theory,we proposed an imaginary-time split operator approach to solve the reaction-diffusion equation.The approach is applied to evaluate the intermolecular ET rate between oxazine 1 and N,N-dimethlaniline.By measuring the two average survival times of the donor state probability and the rate constant in long time limit,the full kinetics of the ET is revealed with a variety of sink functions.

对于扩散控制的溶液中的电子转移反应，分子内振动模的运动比溶剂运动快很多，Sumi-Marcus理论提出用反应扩散方程(reaction-diffusion equation)处理溶剂的扩散运动，而分子内的振动用sink函数来表示，我们基于此理论发展了用虚时间分裂算符的方法(imaginary-time Split operator approach)解反应扩散方程，并将其应用于嗪1(oxazine 1，OX1)和N，N-二甲基苯胺分子之间的电子转移反应，Sink函数采用几种不同的微扰表达式，通过计算得到给体几率衰减的两种平均速率和长时间极限下的速率常数，揭示了该体系电子转移过程中的一些动力学性质。

In the chapter three, based on the second chapter, by considering the damping effect of the neutral gas and the ion drag force on the dust particle, the electrostatic modes and their instabilities in the dusty plasma in the uniform magnetic field are investigated.

在第二章的基础上，第三章考虑了中性气体的阻尼和离子对尘埃粒子的拖拽力作用，对在均匀外磁场中的尘埃等离子体中的静电波和不稳定性进行了研究，发现中频和低频的波模是衰减的。

In view of the vast range of mountainous and hilly areas,a unique characteristic of Fujian topography,it especially analyses the effects of topograph on climate and soil nutrient storage.According to the mechanism of how the grain produtivity comes into being,this paper achieves the calculation of potential grain productivity in variou...

尤其针对福建山地丘陵面积大的特点，专门分析了地形因素对气候及土壤养分存贮状况的影响，根据作物生产力形成的机理，采用光、温、水、土逐项衰减的方法，计算了福建省各地以水稻为代表的粮食作物的土地生产潜力，并据此提出了发展福建粮食生产的相应建议。

In order to testify a pulse contrast measurement's dynamic range in a simple and clear way, this article uses a series of pulses with equal intervals and equal ratios of intensity as a criterion, which reflected from back surface of a 0°reflector, and first discuss the calibration of pulse contras measurement and verify it by experiments in the world.

为了从一个简洁明了的角度来判断信噪比测量系统的动态范围，本课题还将0°反射镜后表面的的二次反射光形成的等间隔、等比例衰减的脉冲序列作为基准，在国际上首先开展了信噪比测量系统的动态范围标定方法的研究工作，并通过实验加以验证。

The computationresults show that for a organ-pipe nozzle with a given configuration size, the nondimensional axial velocity attenuates slower with the increase in stand-distance, and the nondimensional axial velocity attenuation pattern remains the same, and the nondimensional axial velocity along the jet centerline attenuates slower with the increase in distance between the nozzleexit and the impinging plate.

计算结果还表明：对给定结构尺寸的风琴管喷嘴，随着喷距的增加，沿径向的无因次轴向速度衰减变慢、沿径向无因次轴向速度衰减规律不随喷速的变化而变化；无因次轴心速度的衰减规律随着喷嘴出口到井底间距离的增大，射流轴心速度衰减变慢，但其变化幅度不大；在固定靶距情况下，无因次轴心速度衰减规律不随喷速的变化而变化。

The theories of cuneiform prism and series neutral glass slices used as laser attenuator are analyzed in this paper. An aberration-free laser quantitative attenuator made of cuneiform prism is adopted and a series of neutral attenuated slices are used for adjusting laser-beam enegy at the same time.

分析了楔形镜和中性玻璃衰减片组对光束的衰减原理，采用反射式楔形镜作为无像差定量衰减器，并同时使用中性玻璃衰减片组微调光束能量。

Using Field single ignition experiments of the four unconfined volume dispersion and small dosage solid FAE and TNT bombs experiments, we got the peak overpressures of solid FAE at different distances. Compared with TNT, The overpressure of FAE is 1.14~1.6 times higher than that of the TNT. Based on the theory of the air shock wave overpressure, the FAE relativity TNT mass is evaluated. At the edge of the explosive field, the number is 3.88. Pictures of high speed photography indicate that the duration and the most effect area of the FAE and TNT. Compared with TNT, obviously the FAE has more advantages. And, based on the theory of the critical concentration of dust explosion, the radius of dust explosive zone is evaluated. The phenomenon that the overpressure decays rapidly with distance is analyzed. It is suggested that the explosive temperature should be increased as the main approach to improve the FAE explosive capability in the condition when the over pressure is invariable.

通过四组无约束固态燃料空气炸药装置与等质量的TNT在野外开放空间的一次起爆对比实验，测得了不同配方组份FAE装置在不同距离的爆炸超压分布，FAE装置峰值超压比相同距离的TNT高1.14-1.6倍；并运用空气冲击波峰值超压公式计算出了FAE的等效爆炸TNT当量随距离的变化关系，在爆炸场边缘区，FAE装置爆炸当量达到了3.88倍TNT当量；通过高速摄影的图片得到了爆炸产生火球的持续时间和最大作用范围，与等质量TNT爆炸火球相比，FAE的优势明显；运用粉尘爆炸下极限浓度估算了云雾爆轰区半径，并分析了测量到的固态FAE爆炸场的压力分布单调衰减的原因；建议在保持超压不变的情况下，把提高爆温作为提高FAE爆炸性能的主要途径。

The results show that this attenuator, which is 12mm×8mm×0.5mm and works at low temperature, can be used alone or integrated into HTS system to decrease system volume and weight. Insertion loss of this attenuator is about 0.2dB, whose magnitude is one order lower than that of a conventional attenuator. Attenuation step about 0.01dB can be achieved, which is 1~2 orders lower in magnitude than conventional attenuators.

主要结论如下：光控高温超导微波可变衰减器在液氮温区工作，电路尺寸为12mm×8mm×0.5mm，可单独使用也可集成于高温超导系统中，可大幅减小系统的体积与质量；高温超导衰减器的插损小于0.2dB，比常规衰减器低1个量级；高温超导衰减器的可变衰减步进值小于0.01dB，比常规衰减器低1~2个量级。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。