衰减

To begin with, the smoothing effect of error which is decomposed into orthogonal vectors in grid function space is analyzed. The error-reducing effect in orthogonal subspace which is developed from high frequencies and low frequencies component has been analyzed.

将协调有限元空间分解成高频子空间与低频子空间的直和，从而将误差的衰减变化转化为考虑高、低频子空间上的误差的高频与低频分量的衰减变化。

Capacity fade is an obstacle to commercialize the lithium manganese oxide spinel. Unwanted side reactions due to active material dissolution, electrolyte decomposition, passive film formation, and other phenomeana occur during overcharge of overdischarge and cause the capacity loss or fade in these bateeries.

容量衰减是阻碍尖晶石锂锰氧化物商品化的主要障碍，正极活性材料的溶解、电解液的分解、钝化膜的形成等现象会引起充放电过程中不必要的副反应，这将导致电池容量的损失及衰减。

In calculating and the simulating the polarizing laser energy attenuation, the solved electric circuit could examine the response electric current peak-to-peak value relation which was caused by the laser when the weakened polarization is biggest and the laser is weakest. The survey requirements were satisfied when the laser angular resolution is 30°.

在计算及仿真了经偏振片后激光能量的衰减，求解电路能检测到最弱激光的幅值与偏振衰减最大时激光引起的响应电流的幅值的关系，得到在激光角分辨率为30°时满足探测要求。

For Permalloy/FeMn bilayers, the exchange field and coercivity decay exponentially in time with the application of an applied field antiparallel to the unidirectional anisotropy direction. The relative change of the exchange field, 1-H〓/H〓(t=0) also decays in an exponential manner with the FeMn layer thickness.

通过Py／FeMn双层膜结构研究了反铁磁层的厚度对交换耦合热稳定的影响，发现对于Py／FeMn双层膜，在外场方向与单向各向异性方向反平行时，交换偏置场和矫顽力随时间的变化呈指数衰减，耦合场和矫顽力的相对变化随FeMn层的厚度衰减。

An array of permalloy core solenoids is micromachined as microactuators on (100) silicon wafer. Then anisotropic etching of silicon in KOH solution forms the U-grooves beside the microactuators. The micromachining difficulties from the coexistence of 3-D MEMS devices and deep grooves on chip are overcome successfully. Then two fibers and permalloy piece are assembled onto the wafer together with the microstructures finishing the prototype of the new type MEMS VOA. Third, the inductance, resistance and Q value of the microfabricated solenoids are measured in the frequency range of 1-40 MHz.

第二，新开发了使用SU-85的正胶、负胶复合微加工工艺，在（100）硅片上加工了新型可变光衰减器的铁芯MEMS螺线管型电磁微执行器阵列；用KOH水溶液对（100）硅片进行湿法刻蚀，在电磁微执行器旁边微加工了V形槽结构组合，开发了单片集成三维MEMS器件和深槽的微加工关键技术；然后经过微装配制作出了电磁驱动的光纤偏移型MEMS可变光衰减器的样机。

Then the MEMS solenoid type electromagnetic actuating and novel, frictionless and wear-free, and simple structure are designed for fiber-deflecting type MEMS VOA: One of the two coupled single mode fibers is completely fastened in one of the three aligned U-shaped grooves while the deflectable fiber is partially fixed in another groove with a long front section suspending over the wider groove as a cantilever beam. The two fibers, any one for input and the other for output, are well aligned initially so that the insertion loss is very low. Beside the deflectable fiber is a solenoid microactuator with a U-shaped permalloy core attracting a permalloy piece glued on side of the fiber cantilever so that the fiber is deflected and the optical power coupled between the fibers decreased continuously. Using MEMS solenoid as a continuous actuator and the novel structure of VOA are not seen in literature.

为光纤偏移型MEMS可变光衰减器设计了MEMS螺线管电磁驱动方式以及新颖的避免了静摩擦、磨损而且简单的整体结构形式：在硅基片的三段V形槽结构中，将两个对接单模光纤之一完全固定在基片上，只将另一根光纤的稍后部位固定于基片上而使其前端的一定长度悬空，形成一个悬臂梁结构；初始对准后两根光纤之间的光传输损耗很小；通过U型铁芯MEMS螺线管吸引固定于光纤悬臂梁上的坡莫合金片，驱动光纤悬臂梁连续偏移以使两根光纤之间功率传输系数连续变化，从而达到光功率连续衰减的目的。

A phase angle of the fading vector which is subjected to the weighted-averaging is compared with a phase angle of the fading vector which is subjected to the weighted-averaging calculated previously.

受到加权平均的衰减矢量的相位角被与受到预先计算的加权平均的衰减矢量的相位角相比较。

Numerical simulation analyzes the rules of the phase velocity and attenuation of the six kinds of ela...

数值模拟分析了6种弹性波的相速度、衰减、液固相振幅比随孔隙度、频率的变化规律以及快P波、快SV波的衰减随流体性质、渗透率、入射角的变化规律。

Geometric and physical decay sources producing observed signal amplitude variations were sorted according to their physical mechanisms.

从信号振幅发生变化的机制出发，提出了产生信号振幅变化的几何衰减和物理衰减两个不同的源。

The microwave test method of space reflective wave was applied to study the attenuation characteristics of differently polarized wave scattered by microwave argon plasma jet in vacuum and its influencing factors.

在真空环境中，利用空间反射电磁波测量装置，开展微波等离子体喷流对垂直和水平极化电磁波衰减的实验研究，分析不同极化电磁波在等离子体中衰减的影响因素。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。