表面粗糙的

Notch and groove were produced on fiber's surface by plasma's pHysical bump and corrasion, meanwhile oxygenic or nitrogenic radicals were also grafted on the surface. Through hydrolyzation, acetate fiber's surface will be denuded by cellulase enzyme. Surface of the fiber will be granulated and specific surface area will be enlarged by plasma and enzyme treatment, therefore obviously improve fiber's surface performance.

等离子体对纤维的物理撞击和表面刻蚀使纤维表面产生凹坑和沟槽，同时可在纤维材料表面引入含氧或含氮基团；而纤维素酶对纤维素的水解作用，促使纤维表面被剥蚀；等离子体与生物酶处理都能使纤维表面粗糙化，比表面积增加，使纤维的表面性能得到明显改善。

The simulation results of smooth metal surface with roughness of 1.6 μm accord with the experimental data very well, but the simulation results of rough metal surface with roughness of 6.8 μm disaccord with the experimental data.

对于表面粗糙度为6.8 μm的较为粗糙的金属表面，仿真出的结果和实验中获得的数据相差较大。

Decreasing the parts' surface roughness, as it is shown after a long time practice that can realize the reliability and stabilization of the match; can reduce faction coefficient, wear, stress concentration, vibration, noises, and power consumption; can improve the operative precision and perceptivity; can increase the support area and contact intensity; and also can improve wear degree etc.

长期的生产实践表明，降低零件的表面粗糙度，对保证配合的可靠性和稳定性；对减少摩擦系数，降低动力消耗；对提高机械和仪器的工作精度和灵敏度；对增大支撑面积，减少磨损，提高接触刚度；对减少应力集中，增加耐疲劳强度，减少振动和噪声等均起着重要的作用：即表面粗糙度直接影响着机械和仪器的使用性能和使用寿命。

The main research content is: Using the experimental of cutting force and roughness of high speed face milling cutter and high speed end milling cutter mill aluminium alloy and cast iron, analyze the rules of the high speed milling velocity, feed rate per tooth, milling depth and milling width to high speed processing. Use multiple linear regression method, set up surface roughness and the cutting force fluctuation models. Certify the regression model notability, and provide a reliable guarantee for the accuracy of function optimization. Based on the targets of productivity, manufacturing cost, surface roughness, cutting force fluctuation optimization model, according to research of the high speed milling parameters selecting restrict of work piece, machine, tool and safety, set up high speed milling parameters multi-object optimization system.

本文以已有的高速铣削机理及高速刀具技术研究成果为基础，结合高速铣削试验，进行了基于遗传算法的高速铣削参数优化研究与系统开发，主要的研究内容为：通过高速面铣刀和高速立铣刀加工铝合金和铸铁等材料的切削力和表面粗糙度试验，进行了铣削速度、每齿进给量、铣削深度和铣削宽度对高速铣削加工过程影响的研究；采用多元线形回归的方法，建立了切削力及其振幅和表面粗糙度模型，并对模型的显著性进行验证，为高速铣削参数优化模型的建立奠定了基础。

The experimetal results show that the flexural moment of the sample in the prebending direction is far bigger than that in the vertical direction to pre-bending and the spherical shape can be conquered during pre-loading laser peening forming to a great extent.

试验结果表明，在弹性预加载下，板料在弹性预弯方向获得的弯矩要比与弹性预弯垂直方向上的弯矩大得多，弹性预加载下激光喷丸成形可以有效地克服自由状态下激光喷丸件呈球形现象，激光喷丸件的曲率是自由状态下激光喷丸成形曲率的2～3倍；在相同曲率下，弹性预加载下激光喷丸成形件的表面粗糙度比自由状态下激光喷丸成形件的表面粗糙度要低1～2等级，因此弹性预加载下激光喷丸成形要优于自由状态下的激光喷丸成形。

In real engineering, the two surfaces in sliding contact are rough. And it is an important theoretical part to calculate the coupled temperature and stress of sliding bodies having rough surfaces.

工程实际中，相互接触的滑动摩擦表面是粗糙的，对粗糙表面的瞬时温升和热－机械应力分析有重要的理论意义。

According to the request of construction features, processing spot, size precision, surface roughness and productivity that diesel engine air cylinder, sets the machine tool for single location horizontal type modular machine tool. Considered to the factor of the size precision, surface roughness, scrap removes and productivity and so on of the work piece, selects the Hard alloy not grind type surface milling cutter.

根据柴油机气缸体的结构特点、加工部位、尺寸精度、表面粗糙度及生产率等要求，确定该机床为单工位卧式组合机床；考虑工件尺寸精度，表面粗糙度，切屑的排除及生产率等因素，选用硬质合金不重磨式面铣刀；根据工件的尺寸、特点及其材料选择切削用量；然后，再经过切削用量来确定组合机床的通用部件；最后进行组合机床的总体设计。

The objective of this research is to observe and characterize both the surface roughness and aperture of rock joints in combination with the mechanical and hydromechanical behavior of rock joints and to draw some significant conclusions from the observation and analysis.

本文的研究目标是通过观察和定量描述岩石节理面的表面粗糙度和间隙幅，建立表面几何粗糙特性和力学及水理学特性的关系，并从观察和分析中得出一些有意义的结论。本文的第一章简要介绍了研究背景、研究目的和内容。

Through the experiment data and micrograph of metallography comparison of the Al2O3 ceramic under different conditions, some laws about the effect of different parameters such as, grinding depth, wheel speed and feed rate on the surface roughness is obtained.

通过对磨削深度、进给速度、砂轮转速等三因素三水平实验的数据分析和金相显微图像比较，分析了对表面粗糙度和材料去除率影响的一些规律，得到了降低表面粗糙度、提高材料去除率的磨削参数优化组合。

Now for the uncertain bit. When you add the Mentos, the arabic gum and the gelatin start to dissolve. The CO2 is attracted to the rough surface, which is a perfect nucleation site.

至於无法确定的部分是，当你加入曼陀珠时，阿拉伯胶和动物胶会开始溶解，二氧化碳会被曼陀珠粗糙不平的表面吸引，这种粗糙的表面最适合进行成核作用，因此上面会形成？

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。