表面活性剂

It was found that these two compounds showed superior surface activity and aggregation capability at higher pH value, which is so different from the traditional carboxylate surfactants.

对相应的表面活性和聚集体研究发现，C10HL与传统羧酸盐表面活性剂有很大的不同，在较高pH时仍具有较高的表面活性和聚集能力。

In chapter three, various theories and experience on the dispersion of nano-powders proposed by former researchers were generalized and reviewed. Technical standards and experimental process for determining technological parameters were suggested for the dispersion of nano-scaled metal oxides in aqueous medium according to their surface wettability, surface charge, the dependence of surface charge on pH and the compatibility of surfactants with pH and pH adjusting agents. Based on these suggested standards and experimental method, highly stable and dispersive aqueous suspensoid of nm-ZnO, nm-TiO〓, nm-Co〓O〓 and nm-MnO powders were prepared successfully and surface modification on these nano-powders was also achieved.

本文第三章通过大量的文献调研，归纳总结了前人在纳米粒子分散技术方面的理论和经验，并在此基础上根据纳米氧化物粉体的表面润湿性、表面电性及其与分散介质pH值的关系、表面活性剂及其与pH调节剂的配伍关系设计了纳米氧化物水分散体系的工艺规范以及确定工艺参数的通用实验步骤，成功地制备了纳米氧化锌、纳米二氧化钛、纳米氧化钴和纳米氧化锰的高稳定分散悬浮液并实现了干粉体的表面改性，为纳米材料在氧化锌压敏电阻中的应用创造了第二个前提条件。

In order to understand the mechanisms of cation surfactant changing the wettability of solid surface, the effect of CTAB on the wettability is studied based on washburn method and microscopic experiments.

为了解阳离子表面活性剂改变固体表面润湿性的机理，首先用washburn法和微观实验研究了十六烷基三甲基溴化铵对润湿性的影响，然后从吸附状态及化学反应的角度分析了CTAB与砂岩表面的作用机理。

Its hydrophilic groups is the inside carbonyl and amine base, and its lipophilic groups is the inside hydrocarbon chain and outer methyl. PAMAM of integral generation basically has not the surface activity. Its reason is that its outer groups is acylamino groups having very strong hydrophilicity so as not to reduce the surface tension of water. PAMAM different from traditional surfactant, have not critical micelle concentration, and exist in the form of "unimolecule micelle" in water.

结果表明：半代的PAMAM水溶液的表面活性与其分子具有两亲结构有关，亲水基团是内部的羰基和胺基，亲油基团是内部的碳氢链和外层的甲基；整代的PAMAM水溶液基本上没有表面活性，其原因是其最外层基团是酰胺基，亲水性很强，不能降低水的表面张力；树状大分子与传统的表面活性剂不同，不存在临界胶束浓度，在水中是以&单分子胶束&形式存在。

Cyclic voltammetry was used to investigate the electrochemical behavior of GSH self-assembled monolayer modified on a gold electrode on the activation of surfactants in potassium ferricyanide and benzoquinone solution.

将谷胱甘肽自组装在金电极表面，在表面活性剂存在下，以铁氰化钾及苯醌作为探针，用循环伏安法研究了修饰在金电极表面的谷胱甘肽单分子膜的电化学行为。

The surface tension of zwitterionic surfactant α-capric betaineand the aggregation number of its micelles have been investigated by means of drop volume method and steady-state fluorescence technology respectively.

采用滴体积法和稳态荧光法分别测定了α-癸基甜菜碱两性表面活性剂的表面活性及胶束聚集数，并考察了pH值对其表面活性的影响。

The surface action mechanism of sodium polydithio dipropyl sulfonate in acidic Cu plating bath indicates that the surface complex produced by adsorbed sodium polydithio dipropyl sulfonate and Cu + resists copper ions' electrodeposition.

酸性镀铜溶液中表面活性剂聚二硫二丙烷磺酸钠的表面作用机理表现为：吸附态的聚二硫二丙烷磺酸钠与Cu＋形成表面络合物阻化铜离子的电沉积。

The spontaneous emulsifications of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfate, dodecane and three-component water system were simulated on the basis of the reasonable selection of particles and definition of interaction parameters between particles.

通过合理划分流体粒子和定义粒子之间相互作用参数，模拟了十二烷基苯磺酸钠、正十二烷和水三组分体系的自发乳化现象；通过附加固壁条件，模拟了在水动力作用下吸附在岩石表面的油珠发生破裂的非自发乳化过程，以及由于表面活性剂在岩石表面吸附而引起的润湿反转现象，比较了润湿反转前后残余油珠的运动情况。

The results show that, by the way of optimizing preparation condition, the spherical zirconia powders with suitable particle size distribution are prepared using chemical precipitation method. Using heterogeneous chemical precipitation coating technique, the sph, erical nickel coated zirconia powders are prepared and the heterogeneous nucleation can be done on the surface of spherical zirconia powders. The thickness of coated layer, homogeneous degree and crack of surface can be controlled by the way of controlling powder concentration, adding rate of reactants feeding and adding surface active agent.

研究表明，采用化学沉淀法，通过优化制备工艺条件，可以制备粒径分布较均匀的球形氧化锆粉体；利用非均相化学沉淀包裹技术制备的金属镍包裹氧化锆微球粉体，球形氧化锆颗粒表面作为异相成核的场所，通过控制颗粒浓度、加料速度以及添加表面活性剂等工艺条件，可以调控包裹层厚度、表面均匀度以及表面裂纹等。

On the other hand, the synergetic effect could be found during BS-UC adding to mixed alkanes culture. Furthermore, BS-UC could increase the hydrophobicity of cell surface and thus enhanced the ability of cell attachment to alkane. Adding BS-UC also increased the Zeta-potential of cell and medium surfaces significantly, i. e. BS-UC could decreased the negative electric charge density of their surface, so the repulsive tension between cell and medium would be weakened and the adsorption of them would be easier. The results of the test with sand filled column for investigating the cell adsorption in pore-medium showed that the residual amount of cell in the column increased with increase of adding BS-UC concentration.

此外，在以混合烃类为底物时会产生一定的协同促进效应；添加生物表面活性剂BS-UC，可以显著提高细胞表面疏水性，使得其与烃类及其它疏水表面接触能力增强；BS-UC还可以明显提高细胞及介质表面的ζ电位，使所带负电荷密度降低，从而使得两者间斥力减小而便于吸附；通过沙填充柱洗脱实验，对BS-UC增强细胞在填充介质中吸附能力进行了考察发现，随BS-UC浓度的增加，细胞在填充介质中的保留量也随之增加。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。