表面光滑的

It was found that the relationship between the nonsmooth appearance of leaf surface and its wettability is very strong, and the shape and distribution of the non-smooth elements are the decisive factors. The surface with regular distribution of convex elements presents large contact angle, strong water repellence, and good self-clearing ability, and that of hairy non-smooth elements takes the nextplace.

试验结果表明，植物表面具有的非光滑形态与表面润湿能力的强弱有极大的关系，非光滑单元体的形状和分布是影响植物表面憎水性强弱的决定性因素；规律分布凸包形非光滑单元体的植物表面的憎水性强，脱附效果好；规律密布表皮毛形非光滑单元体次之。

Generally,it is considered that cotton fibre is a column and its surface is smooth.The surface structure of Xinjiang long fine hair cotton is researched by using electronic microscope scanning (S-570 Japan).The result shows that the cotton fibre is not a column,but is spiral.The fibre of only 15%does not twist.The surface of the fibre is not smooth,and there are burrs on it.These characteristics would be another important factor effecting the stickability of cotton.

一般认为，棉纤维呈圆柱状，纤维表面是光滑的，笔者以新疆长绒棉为研究对象，用日立S-57日扫描电镜，研究了棉纤维的表面结构，结果表明，棉纤维并非呈圆柱状，自然状态下呈螺旋形，象氨基酸那样，根据概率估计，没有扭曲的约占15%，棉纤维表面并不光滑，有毛刺，这种结构特性是影响棉花粘着性的又一重要因素。

For different surface roughness of electrodes and glycol concentration of glycol/water mixture, pressurized water breakdown experiments are carried out. Experimental results suggest that Mirza's formula is valid and independent of surface roughness and glycol concentration, and it is accumulative for surface polish, glycol additive, and pressurization for the capability to improve electrical breakdown strength. Moreover, the increase of electrical breakdown strength of water dielectric for surface polish is explained with bubble breakdown. Especially, highest stress of 235.5kV/cm observed in glycol/water mixture with a glycol concentration of 80% at a hydrostatic pressure of 12atm is about one time greater than that in pure water at constant pressure.

通过改变电极表面光滑程度和乙二醇浓度，分别进行了加压水介质击穿实验，证实了不同电极表面光滑程度和乙二醇浓度下Mirza关系式仍成立，抛光电极表面、添加乙二醇与加压在提高水介质电击穿能力方面具有可叠加性，将抛光电极表面、添加乙二醇与加压分别进行了比较，特别，在静压12atm、乙二醇浓度80%下，得到实测最高击穿场强为235.5kV/cm，其有效时间归一化后的击穿场强比常压下纯水的相应值提高了112.2%，运用气泡击穿模型对抛光提高水介质击穿场强进行了物理解释。

When end surface is neglected, the reflective energy will return to the filament efficiently if the filament is at the centre axis of the columniform lamp shell. 3 Compared with the straight tungsten filament that has a smooth surface, the helical one obtains higher absorbance which can achieve 0.6~0.7 under the actual screw pitch measurement.

当灯的管径为10 mm，而灯丝外径为1.5 mm时，节能可达12%到13%。2）对圆柱形灯外壳，在不考虑端面影响时，光源的灯丝若处于外壳的中心轴上，则反射的能量会有效地返回灯丝。3）螺旋结构的灯丝比表面光滑的直钨丝有更高的吸收率，灯丝绕成螺旋后在现行的螺距尺寸下吸收率能达到

Firstly, we investigated the mechanism of material removal and formation of super smooth surface in CMP. And the material removal mechanism of CMP at atomic level was described. The comprehension and hypothesis of material removal mechanism of super smooth surface polishing were enunciated. For instance, we circumstantiated material removal mechanism and formation of super smooth surface in CMP of LBO crystal.

化学机械抛光是超精密加工技术中最重要的方法之一，作者首先调研化学机械抛光的材料去除和超光滑表面形成机理，研究原子级材料去除机理，提出对化学机械抛光材料去除和超光滑表面形成的理解；并以LBO晶体为例详细描述化学机械抛光过程中材料去除和超光滑表面形成。

Imitating the non-smooth shape of biont surface,the non-smooth surfaces with different shape and distributing distance were obtained on the H13 die steel by laser.

模仿生物体表的非光滑形态，利用激光在H13模具钢表面加工出各种形态和分布间隔的非光滑单元体，研究非光滑单元体形态、分布间隔对模具钢磨损性能的影响，并探讨非光滑表面材料的磨损机理。

The FRP tube has a very slippery surface, with roughness rate only 0.009, which is considered as perfect slippery Tube for hydraulic. In daily usage, the wall of the tube of steel, iron or concrete are often corrosive and become rough, while the cross-winding tube can keep a clean and slippery wall surface.

玻璃钢管道内表面相当光滑，一般表面粗糙率可达0.009，几乎可以认为是&水力学光滑管&，在实际运行中，钢管、铸铁管、水泥管等的内表面，经常发生局部腐蚀，变得越来越粗糙，而往复交叉缠绕玻璃钢管道始终保持着新生管表面光滑状态。

" Linoleum: Smooth-surfaced floor covering made from a mixture of oxidized linseed oil, resins, and other substances such as binder, fillers, and pigments , applied to a felt or canvas backing."

油地毡：一种表面光滑的铺地材料，将氧化了的亚麻仁油、树脂以及像黏合剂、填充剂和颜料等物质的混合物涂在毡或帆布的背衬上制成。

" Linoleum: Smooth-surfaced floor covering made from a mixture of oxidized linseed oil, resins, and other substances such as binder, filler s, and pigments, applied to a felt or canvas backing."

油地毡：一种表面光滑的铺地材料，将氧化了的亚麻仁油、树脂以及像黏合剂、填充剂和颜料等物质的混合物涂在毡或帆布的背衬上制成。

" Linoleum: Smooth-surfaced floor covering made from a mixture of oxidized linseed oil, resins, and other substances such as binder, fillers, and pigment s, applied to a felt or canvas backing."

油地毡：一种表面光滑的铺地材料，将氧化了的亚麻仁油、树脂以及像黏合剂、填充剂和颜料等物质的混合物涂在毡或帆布的背衬上制成。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。