表面下的

And 6. 9 eV can be attributed respectively to the electronic excitation of different back bond surface states, but the Peaks occurring later under ...

在低的激光能量密度下出现在2.2，3.0，4.2和6.9eV的峰表征不同背键表面态下的电激发过程，而在较高能量密度下相继出现的特征峰分别表示硅表面上的预熔、蒸发、等离子体形成等物理过程的开始。

Furthermore, the compression-sensitivity of CFRC, which suffers three-direction-pressure is studied.Thirdly, present method of carbon fiber treatment is summarized. Treat the surface of carbon fiber with GLBE, the influence of surface-treatment of carbon fiber on the distribution and compression-sensitivity of CFRC was studied. According to the contrast of the compression-sensitivity before and after surface treatment, as well as the contrast of the distribution of carbon fiber in cement mortar, it is found that GLBE is able to improve the dispersiveness of carbon fiber.

再次，总结现有碳纤维的表面处理方法，选用液相气相双效法对纤维进行表面处理，并研究碳纤维的表面处理对纤维分散性和CFRC的压敏性的影响，通过对表面处理前后试块的压敏性和碳纤维在水泥浆体中的分散性的对比，发现碳纤维的液相气相双效法表面处理可以改善纤维的分散性，而且在循环荷载作用下还发现用这种表面处理的纤维制成的碳纤维混凝土对应变变化感应的稳定性和重复性得到有效提高。

In a second aspect, this invention provides a surface-mount inductive loop detector including: an inductive loop which is adapted for connection to an external electronic controller device; a protective cover in the form of a substantially inflexible ring having a hardened, bevelled peripheral edge; said ring adapted to accommodate the inductive loop between a mounting surface and a lower surface of the ring and provided with means for fixing the detector to the mounting surface.

在第二方面，本发明提供一种表面安装感应环检测器，包括：感应环，该感应环适用于连接到外部电子控制器设备；保护罩，该保护罩为具有基本上呈柔性的圆环，该圆环具有硬化的、倾斜外周缘；所述圆环适用于容纳位于安装表面和圆环下表面之间的感应环，并设有用于把检测器固定到安装表面的装置。

CuS and CdS nano-particulate films were obtained with these two methods, and some interesting phenomena were observed: under the Gibbs film formed by CTAB, CuS nano-rods were obtained at the oil/water interface, and disklike aggregates of CdS nano-crystals were obtained at both the air/water and oil/water interfaces; under the Langmuir film formed by NaAOT at air/water interface, disk-like aggregates of CdS were also obtained.

利用此两种反应技术，制备了CuS和CdS颗粒膜，并研究了它们的一些光电性质；在Gibbs膜下，得到了棒状CuS纳米晶。由发现的表面活性剂形成的带状物，提出棒状CuS晶体是以带状聚集体为模板形成的；在液-液、气-液界面Gibbs膜下反应中，发现CdS纳米颗粒的盘状聚集体的形成，这是由于表面活性剂在界面上形成的二维胶束而造成的；在气-液界面上Langmuir下的反应中，也发现CdS盘状晶体的生成。

Under the influence of the sunlight and with the help of its strong oxidization capacity, the photo-catalyst can oxidize nearly all the organic matters on the surface into H 2 O and the corresponding nontoxic inorganic materials. At the same time, under the combined actions of the characteristic nanometer structure of its surface, the hydroscopic properties of the complex additives and the light-induced amphiphilic properties (hydrophilicity and lipophilicity) of Ti02 itself the surface of the glass is made superhydrophilic, so that it becomes easily washable, anti-fog and not vulnerable to recontamination to keep the glass clean and transparent. And it also has such functions as sanitization, sterilization, foreign odor elimination and air refreshing.

在阳光的作用下，光催化剂以其特有的强氧化能力，可将其表面的几乎所有有机物完全氧化为H 20及相应的无害无机物，同时在其表面特有的纳米结构、复合添加剂的吸水性和Ti02本身的光致两亲性的共同作用下使玻璃表面具有超亲水性，变得易清洗、防雾和不易被再污染而保持洁净透明，同时具有消毒、杀菌、消除异味、清新空气等功能。

The surface-enhanced Raman spectra of Nosema bombycis Naegeli absorbed on colloidal silver has been obtained and analyzed when PH value was 4.0. The common spectra can't be obtained under normal condition, as well as the SERS can't be get under other PH values.

本文报导并分析了家蚕微粒子虫(Nosema bombycis Naegeli，缩写为NbN)孢子在PH4.0条件下的表面增强拉曼光谱，在常规的实验条件下未得到NbN的一般拉曼谱，同时也未获得其它PH条件下的表面增强拉曼谱。

Two kinds of silicon samples with distinct surface treatment, i. e., one surface was chemically etched and the other was unetched, were used to investigate the characteristics of leakage current and surface flashover of semiconductor under impulse voltage in vacuum. The experimental results showed that the surface conditions of samples affected these characteristics greatly. Before flashover, the Ohmic current was observed for unetched samples and the space charge limited current for etched samples, respectively. Meanwhile both samples showed quite different flashover tracks, and the surface-etched samples displayed a much higher onset voltage of flashover.

对采用和未采用表面化学腐蚀处理的半导体硅在冲击电压下的实验表明（参见 Zhang et al ， Applied Physics Letters， 2002），试品的表面状况对其泄漏电流和沿面闪络特性有着很大的影响：在沿面闪络之前，未经处理试品的泄漏电流表现为 Ohm 性电流，而表面处理过的试品表现为空间电荷限制电流特性；同时两类试品表面的闪络通道也表现出不同的特征，而采用表面化学腐蚀处理可以明显提高其沿面闪络电压。

Sulphurized-nitrided compound layer is prepared on the surface of drilling pipe joint material 35CrMo steel by the application of ion nitriding and ion sulfurizing technology.

应用离子渗氮与离子渗硫技术，在钻杆接头材料35CrMo钢表面制备了硫氮复合处理层。采用M-200环块磨损试验机，对比研究了原始渗氮表面与硫氮复合表面在干摩擦条件下的抗磨损性能。

The preparative technique of solid lubricant is cold-press sintering method.The micro-structure , friction surface, lubricant transfer film surface of base material was characterized by SEM; XRD was used to do phase analysis. The degrees of crystallinity of pure PTFE under the different conditions of water cooling, air cooling and furnace-varying cooling were made comparison by XRD. The thermal stability of pure PTFE and solid lubricant was analyzed by DSC-TG; The composition and valence state of elements in the surface of carbon fiber ,solid lubricant before and after friction test and lubricant transfer film were characterized by XPS; The frictional property of solid lubricant was tested by pin and disk test rig .

用SEM表征原料微观结构、摩擦表面及润滑转移膜表面形貌：用XRD进行原料物相分析，及比较水冷却、空气冷却、随炉冷却三种工艺条件下的纯聚四氟乙烯树脂的结晶度；用DSC-TG分析纯聚四氟乙烯树脂及固体润滑剂的热稳定性；用XPS表征碳纤维表面、固体润滑剂摩擦前后表面、润滑转移膜表面的元素组成、价态变化；用销盘式摩擦磨损试验机对固体润滑剂进行摩擦性能测试；采用专用的台架模拟试验机对固体润滑剂镶嵌轴承套与钢轴摩擦副间的摩擦磨损性能进行测定；用莱次偏光显微镜测试固体润滑剂的硬度；用材料试验机测试固体润滑剂的抗压强度等。

SF and collagen films were treated by negative corona discharge, homothermal surface potential decay was tested to detect the charge stability. Result showed circums- tance humidity influenced severely the surface charge stability. There were polar groups on the surface after corona discharge, and hydrogen bonds existed between these groups. On the other hand, ATR-FTIR analysis indicated the conformation transition of SF was induced by strong electric field and a part of random coil conformation was converted into β-sheet structure.

采用自制的负电晕极化装置对丝素、胶原膜进行了表面处理，等温表面电位衰减法测试材料在不同环境中表面电位的变化，发现环境湿度对材料表面电荷稳定性的影响较大；XPS光谱分析表明材料表面有极性基团产生，这些基团之间有可能会形成氢键，同时ATR-FTIR分析表明丝素的构象在强电场的作用下发生了变化，由无规线团转变为β折叠结构。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。