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Surface activities and colloidal properties of amphoteric surfactants were introduced and relationship of concentration and cluster structure of amphoteric surfactante was given.

介绍了两性表面活性剂的表面活性和胶体性质，给出了浓度与表面活性剂团簇结构之间的关系。

It was denoted that the toxicity of amphoteric surfactants is same as that of nonionic surfactants,which is lower than that of ionic surfactants and even lower than the toxicity of ethanol.

指出两性表面活性剂的毒性与非离子表面活性剂一样比离子型表面活性剂的低，甚至比乙醇的还要低。

The results show that the surface roughness decreases with increase of the inclination angles within the range of 10° to 30°. After the angle approaches to 30°, increase of the inclination angle causes increase of the surface roughness. Furthermore, the effect of inclination angles on cutting speed was investigated.

研究结果表明：工件倾角的大小对已加工表面粗糙度有明显的影响，在倾角为10°～30°时，表面粗糙度随着工件倾角的增大而降低；此后，随着倾角的进一步增加，表面粗糙度有所升高。

A method for the generation of Weierstrass fractal surface is presented,based on Helmholtz equation,with the Kirchhoff approximation,the calculus formula of light scattered field on the 1-D Weierstrass fractal suface is deduced.

采用Weierstrass分形函数模拟实际粗糙表面，从简谐光波满足的亥姆荷兹方程出发，利用基尔霍夫近似推导出一维Weierstrass分形粗糙表面的光散射场的积分公式，考虑遮蔽效应后数值计算并分析了表面散射光强的角分布特性。

ABSTRACT In this paper, integrated with surface topography, asperity contact behaviour and fluid mechanics, the lubrication of real enginee...

本文结合实际工程表面的形貌特征、表面微凸体接触力学性质和润滑力学性质对粗糙表面的润滑及摩擦特性进行了系统的实验研究和理论分析。

ABSTRACT In this paper, integrated with surface topography, asperity contact behaviour and fluid mechanics, the lubrication of real engineering surfaces and their rubbing behaviour are described in experiment and theory.

本文结合实际工程表面的形貌特征、表面微凸体接触力学性质和润滑力学性质对粗糙表面的润滑及摩擦特性进行了系统的实验研究和理论分析。

The diameter of nano-particle is small and its surface energy is high. Atomic valence bond of particle surface is not saturation and surface atoms have extremely physical and chemical activity. So, nano-particle is apt to agglomerate to make difficult to bring its excellent properties to completely play and to modify polymer.

纳米粒子粒径小，表面能大，且粒子表面的原子价健处于不饱和状态，表面原子有极大的物理与化学活性，因此纳米粒子非常易于团聚和吸附，而使得其拥有的性能难以充分发挥，从而失去应有的对高分子材料的改性作用。

It was found that these two compounds showed superior surface activity and aggregation capability at higher pH value, which is so different from the traditional carboxylate surfactants.

对相应的表面活性和聚集体研究发现，C10HL与传统羧酸盐表面活性剂有很大的不同，在较高pH时仍具有较高的表面活性和聚集能力。

In order to test this hypothesis, we isolated and developed stable self-renewable cell lines of mesenchymal stem cells from human fetal articular cartilage and identified the cell phenotype by FACS and we found that their phenotypic markers were identical to those of mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow.

我们从胚胎的关节软骨中获得成纤维样细胞，在体外进行培养和扩增，并用流式分析的方法对其表面标志进行鉴定，发现其表面标志与文献报道的骨髓来源的间充质干细胞的表面标志相同。

In this paper, the action and position of surface engineering in the new century are presented, the definition, development, characteristic and application of surface engineering are introduced, the direction in the new century of surface engineering are emphasized in the end.

文摘：介绍了新世纪表面工程的作用和地位，阐述了表面工程的定义、发展和特点，以及在生产实践中的应用，重点展望了表面工程在21世纪的发展方向，提出了发展再制造工程，促进先进制造技术的创新。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。