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Chapter 1 briefs the relation between invariance and computer vision and summarizes the research and application of invariance in computer vision. Chapter 2 first derives the transformations of three camera models, then makes the correpondences between the models and three typical geometrical transformation groups by analysing the transformations respectively. The correspondences supply the theoretical basis for applying geometrical invariants to resolve the problems of computer vision. In Chapter 3, we describe the geometrical invariant theory and prove some geometrical invariants of coplanar points, lines or conics by algebraic method. In order to use the invariants of conic pairs to describe general 2D shapes, we discuss the perspectively invariant representation of planar curves using conies in detail. A system consisted of two TMS320C25 and based on moment invariants is introduced in Chapter 5. The system can recognize more than 30 different shapes of object model or more than 10 plane models with similar shape in real time.

第一章简述了不变性与计算机视觉的关系，以及计算机视觉中的不变性研究和应用概况；第二章推导了计算机视觉中常用三种投影模型的变换关系，通过对这三种变换关系的分析，分别建立了这三种投影模型和几何学中的三种变换群之间的一一对应关系，为几何不变性在计算机视觉中的应用提供了理论基础；在第三章中，我们介绍了几何不变性的理论，并且用代数方法证明了共面点、直线、二次曲线的几何不变量和射影不变量；为了把二次曲线的不变量用于一般二维形状描述，在第四章中我们详细地讨论了用二次曲线实现一般平面曲线的透视不变性表示的方法；第五章介绍了用两片TMS320C25构成的、基于不变矩形特征的运动目标实时识别系统。

The poem phrase painting participate the formation of the park thing elephant view;Poem phrase painting to the body of park artistic conception now;The poem phrase painting openned widely content and outside of park artistic conception to postpone;Manifestation the region the scenery can't mean of person, thing or cordiality;The poem phrase, horizontal tablet, scrolls...etc. in the park literature delineate to exaggerate artistic conception;Poem phrase, horizontal tablet, scrolls, painting in the timespace idea the top the park art of artistic conception and park literature of mutually and dissimilitude;The park art establish the material entity of material painting to compare with poem phrase, on the form view more elephant,on the establish of artistic conception more of thorough;The expression of artistic conception of the park art painting to compare with poem phrase, on the timespace more direct, thorough.

诗词绘画参与园林物象景观的形成；诗词绘画对园林意境的体现；诗词绘画拓宽了园林意境的内涵和外延；显示当地景物所不能表示的人、物或情意；园林文学中的诗词、匾额、对联等勾勒渲染意境；在时空观念上园林艺术的意境和园林文学中诗词、匾额、对联、绘画的相通和相异；园林艺术的创设素材的物质实体性较诗词绘画在表观上更具象、在意境的创设上更加的深入；在时空上园林艺术意境的表达较诗词绘画更直接、深入。

The disyllabic pitch model is obtained with the help of cubic polynomial approximation and neural network technique.

双音节音高模型是韵律调节的基础；将Kohonen自组织神经网络技术应用到音高模型的分类，并取得了较好的分类效果；（4）基于正弦模型表示的汉语语音分析与合成：将正弦模型引入到汉语的语音分析合成中来，提出了汉语的基于正弦模型表达的分析合成算法，并对在汉语普通话语音合成中的应用，包括汉语四声的变调、时长音高的调整等进行了深入的研究；对于合成音节之间的拼接问题作了探讨，并提出了自己的观点；在国内外的文献中，还没有对于该方法用于汉语语音的分析合成的应用的报道，因此是本文的主要贡献之一。

The language of uncertainty has three main categories:(1) words such as probably, possibly, surely, which denote a single subjective probability and are potentially quantifiable;(2) words like many, often, soon, which are also quantifiable but denote not so much a condition of uncertainty as a quantity imprecisely known:(3) words like fat, rich, drunk, which can not be reduced to any accepted number because they are given different values by different people.

不确定的语言主要可分三类：（1）像probably，possibly，surely一类的记号，它们表达某一主观的、可以量化的可能性；（2）像many，often，soon一类的词，它们也是可以量化的，但它们表示的与其说是不能肯定的状态，不如说是一个知之不确的数量；（3）像fat，rich，drunk一类的词，它们不能将其转化为任何可接受的数字，因为不同的人赋予它们的量值不同。

Quantifying similarity/difference between two objects plays an important role in many contexts The quality of the similarity/difference scores can be improved by considering the semantic information related to the features of objects A flexible semantic distance function called X Dist is proposed, which can utilize the semantic information to measure the difference between two objects based on a solution to the transportation problem from linear optimization With a ground distance function for single features being a metric, X Dist is also a metric This property is very useful for making searching efficient, but is not investigated in the previous research Moreover, the experimental results show X Dist can be as good as the previously studied similarity measures in nearest neighbor searching, discriminative power and computing speed

量化对象间相似性/差别的方法具有广泛的用途，利用相关的语义信息能够得到更好的量化结果提出了一个量化对象间语义差别的距离函数XDist，它基于线性优化中的运输问题模型和相关的语义信息量化两个对象之间的差别在量化特征的差别函数是度量的情况下，XDist是一个度量，在提高搜索的效率方面具有优势，弥补了以往研究的不足，而且实验初步表明，此函数在最近邻查询效果、差别分辨力和计算速度方面能与已有函数相媲美1 引言量化对象间相似性/差别的方法具有广泛的用途，例如数据挖掘中的聚类；信息检索中的相似文档查询；协同过滤中的相似用户查询；CBR中的相似案例查询集合是对象特征表示的常用结构，集合的元素是与对象特征相关的项，它们可以

Acquisitions of 2001 2001 年的购并案 A few days before last year's annual meeting, I received a heavy package from St. Louis, containing an unprepossessing chunk of metal whose function I couldn't imagine. There was a letter in the package, though, from Gene Toombs, CEO of a company called MiTek. He explained that MiTek is the world's leading producer of this thing I'd received, a "connector plate," which is used in making roofing trusses. Gene also said that the U.K. parent of MiTek wished to sell the company and that Berkshire seemed to him the ideal buyer. Liking the sound of his letter, I gave Gene a call. It took me only a minute to realize that he was our kind of manager and MiTek our kind of business. We made a cash offer to the U.K. owner and before long had a deal.

就在去年股东会的前几天，我收到从圣路易寄来的一个大包裹，里面装了一块看不出做何用途的金属，包裹里还有一封信，署名 Gene Toombs-他是一家叫做 MiTek 公司的总裁，他解释说 MiTek 是专门制造这玩意儿的世界级领导厂商，也就是用来做屋梁的连接板，他进一步表示 MiTek 的英国母公司有意出售这家公司，他认为 Berkshire 应该是最合适的买家，我相当欣赏他写这封信的语气，所以当下打电话给他，几分钟的谈话，我就发觉他是属于我们类型的经理人，而 MiTek 也是我们想要的公司类型，于是我们报了一个价给其英国母公司，没多久后就正式成交。

On the other hand, as illustrated in Picture B and D, the price drop would become material objects' price drop because of the continuous flow syphonage capital. Pictures stood by Picture B and D can become anti-syphonage theory pictures. The syphonage pictures and anti-syphonage pictures can simply stand for two converse investment opportunities. Under normal situations, commodity's syphonage capital flow can demonstrate a slow increasing situation in the long run. But the situation is usually affected by supply-and-demand situation in the middle and short run. Especially in the type of gurantee sum exchange, the supply-and-demand situation is a major factor affecting commodity price even in a price dominated market. The commodity's ultimate price will comparatively alter when the outer influence changes, and sometimes the price may change to a completely converse direction as expected. In case of the above case, we need to observe and research the influential factors. However the research is not like the Butterfly Theory research on slight variables. Syphonage theory deems that if continuous observance extends more than a certain percentage, such as 10% influential factor, and we continue researching, immediately putting 10% influential factors into research scale, we could finish the all-round research on commodity price analysis.

其中，图A和C表示的图形我们成为正向虹吸图形，B和D代表的图形成为反向虹吸理论图形，这种正向虹吸图形和反向虹吸图形分别可以简单代表两种相反的投机机会，在正常情况下，商品的这种虹吸资金流从远期看会表现出缓慢的上升走势，但在中短期，走势经常受到供求关系影响，特别在保证金交易的品种中，即使是价格操纵的市场中，供求关系也是影响商品价格的主要因素，这种以供求关系为主导的市场中，虹吸终值并不是一成不变的，在外在影响因素发生变化时，商品终值也会相应变化，有时甚至会改变到和预期截然相反的方向，这就需要我们经常对相关影响因素进行跟踪和研究，这种研究并不象蝴蝶理论分析的微小变动因素，虹吸理论认为只要连续跟踪超过一定权重，比如10％影响权重的因素，并持续研究，及时将超过10％影响因素事件纳入调查范围，既可完成对商品价格分析的全面性探索。

His knowledge of languages, the respect shown him by the French, the good-nature with which he gave away anything he was asked for (he received the allowance of three roubles a week, given to officers among the prisoners), the strength he showed in driving nails into the wall, the gentleness of his behaviour to his companions, and his capacity—which seemed to him mysterious—of sitting stockstill doing nothing and plunged in thought, all made him seem to the soldiers a rather mysterious creature of a higher order. The very peculiarities that in the society he had previously lived in had been a source of embarrassment, if not of annoyance—his strength, his disdain for the comforts of life, his absent-mindedness, his good-nature—here among these men gave him the prestige almost of a hero.

皮埃尔由于自己的语言知识，由于法国人对他表示的尊敬，由于他的耿直，由于他对别人向他提出的任何要求都是有求必应（他每星期可以领到三个卢布的军官津贴费）；由于他的力气（他表演给士兵们看他用手把一根铁针按进棚子里面的墙壁上），由于他对同伴们的态度是那样和蔼可亲，由于他那种看起来什么事情都不想和一动也不动的静坐的本领，他在士兵们的心目中是一个神秘莫测的、有高级本领的人物，——正是由于这样一些原故，正由于他的这些特性，他在以往他生活的那个上流社会中即使对他无害，也令他感到拘束，可是在这里，在这些人中间，他力大无比、他蔑视舒适安逸的生活、他对一切都漫不经心、他单纯——这一切使他获得了近乎是一位英雄的地位。

Firstly, after analysis the modules and models that constitute ATE platform, a signal modeling method based on Object-Oriented Analysis is introduced, and some signals' model structures and operations are described. To embody the test requirement in the resource configuration, the complicated signal's generation process is analyzed from the relations between instruments and signals, subsequently, a series of recursion expressions are put forward to acquire the signal's origination through the deduce process layer by layer. Going with the recursions, ATE can get the specifications P and In , which present the cost and orders of the signal generation, and can be used to evaluate its generation complexity.

首先，在分析了构成通用平台ATE各模块环节和功能模型相互关系的基础上，引入了基于面向对象分析方法的信号模型，从语义上描述了一些信号在结构和操作过程中的实现方法；为了将信号的测试需求反映到测试资源的配置过程中，利用OOA中的关键概念，从仪器资源与信号的相互关系着手，分析了由多种仪器生成一种复杂信号的经过，基于此，提出了由一种复杂信号逐层分解，最终获得其生成资源的递推表达关系；通过这样的递推过程，使ATE可以获取生成该信号的成本与次序的指标P和In，这些可以用来考核生成该信号时以资源信息表示的复杂程度。

With analysing the the fatigue mechanism, the general mode of interply fatigue damage propagation is denoted by delamination length and crack density. Based on the power-law, the relationship between number of cycles and delamination length and crack density are established. The specimen is modeled as an equivalent six-ply material system. Starting with the analysis of interply stress, the interply shear stress under cyclic loading is calculated by using nonlinear three-demension FEA. According to the stage regularity of fatigue damage propagation, such models as average strain, effective modulus, ratio of delamination length and crack density, experimental relationship between crack density and effective modulus, are proposed by introducing subsection coefficient.

通过对疲劳机理的分析，确定了以脱层长度和裂纹密度表示的层间疲劳损伤演化的一般模式，利用指数法则建立了脱层长度和裂纹密度随疲劳循环周次变化的关系；从层间应力分析入手，以等效六层的材料模型对循环载荷下的层间剪切应力进行了三维非线性有限元分析；根据疲劳损伤扩展的阶段性，引入分段系数，分别建立了平均应变与载荷循环周次的分段线性模拟模型、有效刚度随载荷循环周次的变化关系模型、裂纹密度变化和脱层长度变化关系随载荷循环周次变化的分段线性模型以及疲劳裂纹密度和有效刚度关系的经验模型。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！