表皮的

The ultrastructural localization of the immunoglobulin and complements in diseased skin of several sub-epidermal bullous diseases, including 1 case of Bullous Pemphigoid , 3 cases of Epidermolysis Bullous Acquisita , 1 case of Bullous System Lupus Erythematosus and 2 cases of Linear IgA Bullous Dermatoses , was detected by postembedding immunogold electronmicroscopic technique.

利用直接免疫金标电镜技术同时检测几种表皮下大疱病：大疱性类天疱疮1例、获得性大疱性表皮松解症3例、大疱性SLE1例、线性IgA大疱性皮肤病2例皮损组织中免疫球蛋白和补体〓，比较它们沉积部位和形态的异同，以探讨该技术在鉴别不同表皮下大疱病中的意义。

Leaf epidermis of 35 species of Ormosia in China was examined under light microscope andscanning electron microscope. The epidermal cells of both upper and lower leaf surfaces are polygonal or irregular in shape, anticlinal walls are straight, arched, sinuolate or sinuate, and stomata are elliptic or ovate.

用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察了红豆属35种的叶表皮形态，这些植物的叶上下表皮细胞为不规则形或多边形，垂周壁有平直、弓形、浅波状或深波状，表皮细胞形状和垂周壁在种间有一些差异。

The leaf epidermis structures of 6 species of Rhododendron had been observed under LM and SEM. The results show that all share together common features as follows: the leaf blades are typical back-abdomen bifacial types, the upper epidermis are formed by two or three layer bigger cells which inside layer cell is bigger than outside one, and the upper epidermis are covered with thicker cuticle.

利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察了6种杜鹃属植物的叶片结构，结果表明，它们具有共同形态结构特征：典型的异面叶，上表皮由2~3层细胞组成，内大外小或内、外等大，有较厚的角质膜，无气孔器分布；下表皮均由1层细胞组成，排列紧密；栅栏组织由2层以上长柱形细胞组成，排列紧密；海绵组织细胞较短，排列较疏松，细胞间隙较大；均有表皮附属物。

According to the shape of head, the glandular hairs were divided into capitate and pehate glandular hairs.

根据腺毛头部形状可把腺毛分为盾状腺毛和头状腺毛，二者均发生得很早，它们的原始细胞都来源于原表皮，一般在茎尖第1和第2片叶原基的原表皮细胞以及茎的1～2节间原表皮细胞中开始发生。

Both upper and lower epidermis cells are polygonal or irregular in shape in all species studied. The patterns of anticlinal walls are straight, arched or sinuous, and the raphal cuticular striastriae are occasionally observed on periclinal walls. Stomatal apparatus and secretory cells are found on the upper epidermis of several species and on the lower epidermis of all Species. The slomata apparatus mainly belong to the paracytic type and latercylic type; rarely anomocytic type occurs along with the paracytic one.

结果表明：这些植物叶片的上、下表皮细胞呈多边形或不规则形，垂周壁式样为平直、弓形或波浪状，平周壁偶有脊状条纹；少数种类上表皮还有气孔器或分泌细胞，所有种类下表皮具气孔器和分泌细胞；气孔器类型以平列型和侧列型居多，偶尔有无规则型；气孔极区呈稍角质加厚或棒状加厚，稀T形加厚。

The leaf epidermises of the major species of Psathyrostachys , Critesion and Hordelymus in Poaceae were examined, their similarities and differences on the leaf epidermis were summarized, and the taxonomic significance of leaf epidermal features among them also were discussed.

摘要观察了禾本科新麦草属、芒麦草属和三柄麦属主要代表种的叶片表皮形态学特征，总结了三属植物叶表皮结构的异同，探讨了叶表皮特征的分类学意义。

While the keratinocytes adhered well on the surface of silicone membrane with pseudopodia formation after 1 week under scanning electron microscope, and the cells kept normal morphological and proliferative properties 2 weeks later.

种植于生物硅膜上的表皮细胞，1周时扫描电镜下见表皮细胞在生物硅膜表面贴附较好，有伪足形成，提示细胞生长良好；2周时光镜下见生物硅膜上的表皮细胞形态仍正常，增殖良好。

Methods The Epidermal stem cell were isolated by adhering to collagen type IV after obtained by digesting human foreskin with Dispase Ⅱ and Tryp and culture in vitro in K-SFM. The expressions of β1-integrin and keratin 19 (K19) in epidermal stem cell were detected with immunocytochemical methods,and the colony forming efficiency was also studied .

中性蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶两步法从手术切除的人包皮组织中分离表皮层和真皮层，并获得表皮单细胞悬液，采用Ⅳ型胶原铺板选择性粘附、分离和角质形成细胞无血清培养基培养表皮干细胞。

In order to further investigate the relationship of SP and ESCs, we design two level experiments —in vitro and in vivo. In vivo, firstly, We establish the nomal rat full-thickness wounds model, and employ integrin β1 keratin 19(K19)、 keratin 15(K15)、 Brdu as ESCs markers to conform the existence of ESCs in the granulation tissue of Group Capsaicin (rats were subcutaneously injected capsaicin pre-injury to damage sensory neuron and block the secretion of neuropeptides), Group Control, and Group SP (rats were injected SP in the wound postinjury). Secondly, as diabetic skin lacking of SP due to extensive pathological changes of sensory ending, we make a hypothesis:one of the main reason of unhealing wounds on diabetic patients could be insufficient SP which lead to fewer ESCs recruitment around wounds.

在此基础上，为进一步验证P物质促进表皮干细胞向肉芽组织中募集这一重要发现，本研究首先利用β1整合素、K19、K15等干细胞标记物以及干细胞慢周期性的特点，分别在体观察了正常皮肤伤口愈合过程中SP组、辣椒素组采用特异性感觉神经毒性药物辣椒素(capsaicin皮下预注射化学性除去感觉神经从而阻止神经肽分泌、对照组肉芽组织中表皮干细胞分布特点；其次，糖尿病患者皮肤存在周围末梢神经的损伤和神经肽含量的下降，这是否会导致糖尿病皮肤伤口创缘表皮干细胞募集不足，继发伤口难愈？

In order to know the evolutionary relationships between false vein, ISC, and VSC in Pteridaceae, 19 grnera and 82 species in Pteridaceae were sampled in this study; silica deposition types, ordinary epidermal cell morphology and veinal epidermal cells morphology of these species were surveyed. On the other hand, a convenient method was developed for this goal. In this method, a tabletop SEM with backscattered electron detector accompanied by post-cooling method was used.

为进一步探讨凤尾蕨科假脉、脉间矽异形细胞与脉上矽异形细胞之间的关系及其於凤尾蕨科内的演化，本论文选取19属82种的凤尾蕨科植物，观察其叶表面之二氧化矽堆积型式、一般表皮细胞形态以及脉上表皮细胞形态；同时，也开发出利用侦测背向散射电子之桌上型扫描式电子显微镜配合后冷却技术(post-cooling method)之快速检测法，该方法利用背向散射电子讯号强弱与平均原子数(average atomic number， Z number)之相关性得到矽异形细胞与一般表皮细胞具有明显对比之影像。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。