表皮原

Secondly, according to the stem and leaf anatomy, leaf epidermis, pollen morphology and floral development, it is found that there are no close relations between Acorus and Typhales, especially in the aspect of floral development. In the course of floral development of A. calamus, neither bracteloe primordium nor common primordium occurs in the whole course. Early development of the flower is strongly unidirectional. Three shield carpels develop into a pistil. In Sparganium fallax, each female flower has a bracteole. The bracteole primordium and the floral primordium originate from a complex structure. A single saccate carpel develops into a pistil. In staminate flowers, petal and stamen primordia initiate spirally.

菖蒲属与香蒲目的茎叶解剖特征、叶表皮特征、花粉特征及花器官发生特点等亦存在着明显区别，特别是花器官发生特点差异尤为显著，如菖蒲属花器官发生过程中，没有苞片原基，也不存在任何形式的复合原基，花被与雄蕊原基均以单向性方式发生，雌蕊由3心皮发育而成，具有"盾状心皮"的特点等，黑三棱属则有苞片原基发生，且苞片原基与雌花原基起源于共同的复合结构，雄花的花被原基和雄蕊原基均以螺旋状方式发生，雌蕊由单心皮发育而成，未发现有2或3个心皮原基或其痕迹的现象，体现出"囊状心皮"的特点。

Histogen theory A theory, proposed by Hanstein, in which the apical meristem is considered to consist of three main zones, the dermatogen, periblem, and plerome, which differentiate into the epidermis, cortex, and stele respectively.

组织原学说：是由 Hanstein 提出的理论，认为顶端分生组织是由三个主要区域组成，表皮原、皮层原和中柱原，随后它们各自分化为表皮，皮层和中柱。

The outer layer of apical meristem, from which the epidermis is formed.

表皮原顶端分生组织的外层，表皮就是从这里形成的

Differentiation of the protoderm layer marked the beginning of the structural differentiation in globular stage.

球形胚时期表皮原层的分化标志着体细胞胚结构分化的开始。

Protoderm The outermost layer of the apical meristem: the tissue that develops from the tunica initials of the apical meristem and gives rise to the epidermis and, in some plants, the root cap.

原表皮：指顶端分生组织的最外层：在植物中由起源于顶端分生组织的原套发育而来，并形成表皮。在根中，则形成根冠。

Result showed that the epidermis dominant the morphogenesis changes. Mesenchymal is subdominant.β-catenin expression begin from horny placode epidermis stage and go up increasingly to peak value and maintain in hair follicle. The range of mesenchymal change is less.

结果表明，牦牛角的形态发生按照角基毛囊和角质外鞘发生与否分为5个阶段：角原基前期(Ed≤60)表皮增厚，无毛囊发生；角原基中期(Ed60~140)表皮持续增厚，有少量毛囊发生；角原基后期(Ed140~250)表皮变薄，大量毛囊发生；肉角期(≤0.5 a)真皮乳头发生；成角期(≥0.5 a)形成角质外鞘。

Methods 12 guinea pigs of 20 months with 3 cm×3 cm hair sheared from their backs were divided into control group and experimental group. Rhodosin and deer serum preparation was besmeared on the skin of guinea pigs in experimental group, and cosmetic matrix was besmeared on the skin of animals in control group for 60 d. The distribution of type Ⅲ collagen was observed with Sirius red staining and HE staining. The fission index of the cells of stratum basale, the thickness proportion of stratum corneum to epidermis, the volume density of the collagen fibers and small blood vessel in dermis, the number of fibroblasts in aging skin were meassured with technique of sterology.

背部被剪去3 cm×3 cm毛的12只20月龄豚鼠被随机均分为给药组和对照组，给药组涂抹红鹿制剂，对照组涂抹化妆品基质，连续涂抹60 d；应用天狼猩红、HE染色和体视学技术分别观察和测定老化皮肤中Ⅲ型胶原的分布、表皮基底层细胞的分裂指数、角质层同表皮厚度的比例、真皮胶原纤维和微血管的体密度和成纤维细胞的数目。

According to the shape of head, the glandular hairs were divided into capitate and pehate glandular hairs.

根据腺毛头部形状可把腺毛分为盾状腺毛和头状腺毛，二者均发生得很早，它们的原始细胞都来源于原表皮，一般在茎尖第1和第2片叶原基的原表皮细胞以及茎的1～2节间原表皮细胞中开始发生。

The promeristem is consisted of three groups of initial cells, which have typical cytological characteristics of meristem cells. The primary meristem is composed of calyptrogens, primordial epidermises, periblems and pleromes. Both the calyptrogens and the primordial epidermises initiate from the same layer of initial cells.

原分生组织由3群原始细胞组成，其细胞具有典型分生组织的细胞学特征；初生分生组织包括根冠原、表皮原、皮层原和中柱原，其中根冠原和表皮原具有相同的起源。

Secondly, according to the stem and leaf anatomy, leaf epidermis, pollen morphology and floral development, it is found that there are no close relations between Acorus and Typhales, especially in the aspect of floral development. In the course of floral development of A. calamus, neither bracteloe primordium nor common primordium occurs in the whole course. Early development of the flower is strongly unidirectional. Three shield carpels develop into a pistil. In Sparganium fallax, each female flower has a bracteole. The bracteole primordium and the floral primordium originate from a complex structure. A single saccate carpel develops into a pistil. In staminate flowers, petal and stamen primordia initiate spirally.

菖蒲属与香蒲目的茎叶解剖特征、叶表皮特征、花粉特征及花器官发生特点等亦存在着明显区别，特别是花器官发生特点差异尤为显著，如菖蒲属花器官发生过程中，没有苞片原基，也不存在任何形式的复合原基，花被与雄蕊原基均以单向性方式发生，雌蕊由3心皮发育而成，具有&盾状心皮&的特点等，黑三棱属则有苞片原基发生，且苞片原基与雌花原基起源于共同的复合结构，雄花的花被原基和雄蕊原基均以螺旋状方式发生，雌蕊由单心皮发育而成，未发现有2或3个心皮原基或其痕迹的现象，体现出&囊状心皮&的特点。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐