表明的

With the continuous development and thorough of science and technology,and reflected on science and technology by people continued to be deepen,scientific research is played an important role in scientific research,such as experimental methods, induction, mathematical methods,the limitations of traditional scientific methods have been unprecedented criticism, revealed serious limitations and shortcomings.

讨论科学方法的不足和局限性，并不是要表明科学方法在科学研究中没有任何地位与作用，只是表明科学方法不是完美无缺的，它需要其它方法的补充。比较自由、灵活的艺术方法不仅能随着科学技术的不断发展以及人们对科学技术反思的不断深入，科学方法的局限性也日益暴露出来。

The resul ts indicated:(1) When micrococcus existed,carbon steel corrosion was accelerated by a loose and heterogeneous biofilm formed on its surfaces;(2)Rpo an d Cc values were close after two days and four days immersion respectively in solutions with micrococcus,which indicated that the metabolization of bacteria became sta ble,and the biofilms under two conditions were tend to be ripe and accordant;(3) The equivalent circuits for situations without or with bacteria were proposed respectively,and the parameters in circuits were also calculated;and (4) Corrosi on reaction impedance with micrococcus showed dispersion effect.

结果表明：（1）小球菌存在时试样表面上所形成的疏松、不均匀的生物膜加速了碳钢的腐蚀过程；（2）有菌存在时暴露2 d、4 d的Rpo值和C c值较为接近，表明细菌的生长代谢过程渐趋于稳定，两种暴露条件下所形成的生物膜趋向于成熟一致；（3）分别提出了有菌和无菌条件下EIS的等效电路，并计算了相应的等效元件参数；（4）小球菌影响下腐蚀反应的阻抗行为存在弥散效应。

Pot experiments were carried out to study airborne ~ 125 I deposition on crops and soil, the results show that (1)~ 125 I aerosol deposited on plants in a dry deposition mode;(2)~ 125 I aerial deposition on leaves can be transferred to other tissues through foliar absorption;(3) corn and navy bean have the largest observed translocation factor of the selected crops.

盆栽实验的结果表明，(1)125I气溶胶在农作物上的沉积主要是干沉积；(2)沉积在农作物上的125I可以通过叶面吸收转移到其他组织中；(3)玉米和菜豆的易位因子最大。125I从土壤到农作物的吸收实验表明，沉积在土壤中的125I能够通过根部吸收转移到农作物中，125I在小米和高粱中的转移系数明显高于其他作物。

Two classes of specific binding sites in the polymer matrix were investigated by Scatchard analysis, which indicated that two kinds of complexes between functional monomers and templates were formed before the polymerization process. Comparing with the structure of TNT and acrylamide, one kind of complex between TNT and acrylamide was strongly charge-transfer complexing interaction by p-πcomplex between electron-rich amino group of acrylamide and electron-deficiecy-benzene ring of TNT, the other was hydrogen bonding interaction between amino group (-NH_2) of acrylamide molecule nitro group (-NO_2) of TNT.

Scatchard分析结果表明，在TNT印记聚合物微球中存在两类结合位点，这表明在聚合反应之前，TNT与功能单体丙烯酰胺分子之间存在两种不同类型的作用力而自组装成两类的模板分子-功能单体复合物，一类可能是由于富电子的丙烯酰胺和缺电子的TNT的苯环通过p-π配键而形成的电荷转移复合物，另一类可能是由于丙烯酰胺的胺基与TNT的硝基之间的氢键作用而形成的复合物。

The composi-tion of the seawater has changed rapidly since Phanerozoic, and the prolonged mineralogical changes of marine non-skeletal limestone and potash evaporates occurred in a phase on a 100-200 Ma.

结果表明：显生宙以来海水组分发生变化，经海相非骨骼灰岩和钾盐蒸发岩矿物学研究，发现这两种沉积岩长期以来连续变化，在"文石海"是MgSO4型蒸发盐，在"方解石海"是KCl型蒸发盐，从白垩纪晚期、第三纪早期的底部石盐溴含量及矿物学特征表明，此时处于"方解石海"，古海水组分的特点是造成缺硫酸盐型钾盐矿床形成的物化基础；通过NaCl-KCl-MgCl2-H2O和NaCl-KCl-MgCl2-CaCl2-H2O两个体系相图的分析认为，当时所形成的成钾原始体系母液是高镁、低钾氯化物型的卤水，在母液蒸发过程中，由于原始海侵母液与残余高镁母液的掺杂作用，致使结晶路线直接从氯化钠区到E点母液或光卤石与氯化钠共饱线上，而没有通过氯化钠和氯化钾的共饱线，因而在矿体中氯化钾相很少或几乎不存在，由于外界CaCl2型水体的掺杂，使成钾母液进入光卤石相区，随着蒸发的进行，最终形成溢晶石矿物。

The proposed method has the capability of predicting the performance of condenser including threedimensional effects due to the change of cooling water temperature and the multiple tube paths arrangement. The proposed algorithm is more suitable to the condenser of multiple tube-paths than existing method. The proposed method is applied to a N11220-1 condenser to demonstrate its predictive capability, the results indicate that condensation rate of each bay and the air concentration at gas offtake is quite different, which can not be predicted by two-dimensional method.

对N11220-1型凝汽器的一个实验工况的模拟表明，该方法的热流密度计算结果与实验结果吻合良好，证明方法是有效的，模拟结果还表明，由于冷却水温度沿程变化，沿轴向各个汽室的冷凝量和抽气口的空气浓度均有明显不同，而目前国内外仍在使用的二维模型程序无法考虑这些影响，计算精度较差。

The results showed that the diurnal changes of photosynthesis of S. chinensis in tile overstory took on "double-peak" curve with remarkable midday depression. The midday depression was mainly due to non-stomata1 limitations. On the contrary, the diurnal changes of photosynthesis of S. chinensis in the understory took on "one-peak" curve with low Pn. The maximal Pn was only half of that of S. chinensis in the overstory. The correlation analysis showed that the limiting factor for this low Pn might be light intensity (p=0.001). Compared with its accompanying plants, S. chinensis was in a disadvantaged status in the community with low photosynthetic capacity, water use efficiency, and the ratio of photosynthetic rate to respiration rate.

结果表明：夏蜡梅冠层的光合速率日进程呈"双峰"曲线，有明显的"午休"现象，经分析其"午休"的原因主要是由非气孔因素引起的；林下夏蜡梅则表现为"单峰"曲线，净光合速率较低，最大净光合速率不及冠层的1/2，相关分析结果表明其最重要的影响因子是光合有效辐射(p=0.001)；与其它伴生植物相比，夏蜡梅的日均光合速率、最大光合速率、水分利用效率和光合速率／呼吸速率都明显偏低，在群落竞争中处于不利地位。

In this experiment, we screen the major protective antigen gene-SOD gene of M. paratuberculosisin order to study the sensitive, specific diagnostic reagent and prophylaxis preparation, especially theDNA vaccine. The SOD gene was amplified from Mycobacterium paratuberculosis C-2 chromosomalDNA by using the PCR technique and cloned into pMD18-T Vector System. We gained a SOD gene of624bp.The recombinant clone was identified byα-complementarity, enzyme digestion and PCRidentification. The result indicated that the recombinant plasmid pMD18-T-SOD was successfullyconstructed. Moreover, through sequential determination and DNASTAR analysis between the clonedSOD gene of M. paratuberculosis C-2 and that of the M.paratuberculosis K-10 strain, the sequentialhomogeneity reached 99%, and the amino acid homogeneity reached 99.5%. The preceding analysisindicated that the SOD gene was very conservative in M. paratuberculosis.

为了研制副结核病敏感、特异的诊断试剂和新型、高效的预防制剂，尤其是DNA疫苗，本研究筛选了M.paratuberculosis主要保护性抗原SOD基因，以M.paratuberculosis C-2染色体DNA为模板，以SOD基因的特异性引物进行PCR扩增，获得了624bp的SOD基因，通过T-A克隆技术，将PCR产物克隆至pMD18-T Vector中，以质粒大小、酶切分析、PCR扩增及序列分析鉴定重组克隆，成功地构建出克隆质粒pMD18-T-SOD，序列测定及DNASTAR分析表明，所获得的M.paratuberculosis C-2 SOD基因与Gen Bank中M.paratuberculosis K-10 SOD基因的大小完全一致，两者核苷酸序列的同源性为99％，氨基酸序列的同源性为99.5％，表明该基因在副结核分枝杆菌中是高度保守的。

It also can be used as alternative antigen of newgeneration vaccine.In this experiment,we screen the major protective antigen hsp65 gene of MAP in order to developnew vaccine especially the DNA vaccine for the prevention of paratuberculosis disease.The hsp65 genewas amplified from MAP C-2 chromosomal DNA by using the PCR technique.We gained a hsp65 gene of 1 626bp.Then PCR product was cloned into pGEM-T vector by T-A clone technique and therecombinant clone was identified by plasmid size,enzyme digestion and PCR identification.The cloneplasmid of pGEM-T- hsp65 was successfully constructed.The nucleotide sequence and deduced aminoacid sequence ofclone gene was analyzed by DNASTAR software.The result indicated that the size ofhsp65 gene consist with M.paratuberculosis K-10 strain in GenBank and the sequential homogeneityreached 99.1%,the amino acid homogeneity reached 99.3%.The preceding analysis indicated that thehsp65 gene was very conservative in M.paratuberculosis.

为了研发预防副结核病的新型疫苗尤其是DNA疫苗及相关蛋白功能，本研究选择了MAP的主要保护性抗原Hsp65蛋白，以副结核分枝杆菌C-2株染色体DNA为模板，以hsp65基因的特异性引物进行PCR扩增，获得了1 626bp的hsp65基因，通过T-A克隆技术，将PCR产物克隆至pGEM-T Vector中，以质粒大小、酶切分析、PCR扩增及序列分析鉴定重组克隆，成功地构建出克隆质粒pGEM-T-hsp65，以DNASTAR软件分析了所克隆基因的核苷酸序列和推导的氨基酸序列，结果表明，所获得的hsp65基因与GenBank中MAPK-10株该基因核苷酸大小完全一致，两者核苷酸序列的同源性为99.1％，氨基酸序列的同源性为99.3％，表明该基因在副结核分枝杆菌中高度保守。

The fact that the pink plants were predominant among the population of RP1 cross progeny hints that the pink had the strong descendiblity, Whereas another fact that the plants with the color of another parent were predominant among the population of R01 cross progeny indicates that the nacarat/saffron plant had the low descendiblity. The above results suggest that it is better to choose the pink plants with the target color flower of breeding as a parents when arranging the cross combination. Many novel flowers with singular value of view and admire can be bred by the different cross combination since the wide segregation chromatogram is not confined to the parents'.

以RPl及R01作母本或父本，分别与不同花色杂交，F1代发生了明显的花色分离，RP1的杂交后代均以粉色占优势，表明粉色的遗传力较强，R01的杂交后代均以其它亲本占优势，表明桔黄/桔红的遗传力较弱，因此在选配组合时，最好选择具有育种目标的粉色个体作为亲本；另外由于分离谱较广，且分离的色谱范围并不完全限于双亲之间，可根据不同的杂交配组，培育出具极高观赏价值的稀有花色。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐