表明

Cell division was mainly observed in the exocarp, while endoreduplication occurred mostly in the endocarp and pulp.

核内复制的出现结合果实快速增长的开始表明果实中细胞膨大从开花后4 DAA开始，对果实不同部位的研究表明，核内复制主要发生在内果皮和果肉中。

The influences of the shock thickness and Alfven waves on the particle acceleration by diffusive shock waves are numerically studied through solving one-dimensional diffusive equation including the second-order Fermi effect. It is shown that the spectral index of the energetic particles strongly depends on the shock thickness. For example, the spectral index increases from 2.1 to 3.7 in the low energy range of 3-10 MeV and from 2.5 to 5.0 in the high energy range of 20-60 MeV as the thickness increases. The spectral index decreases from 4.3 to 3.1 as the particle injection energy increases. The spectral index decreases from 4.0 to 1.8 at the quasi-steady stage with the enhancement of the compression ratio from 2 to 4. The results indicate that under the influence of Alfven waves, the energetic particle spectrum at lower energy becomes flat and the spectral index decreases from 2.5 to 0.6 in the low energy range of 3-10 MeV and from 11.6 to 5.0 in the high energy range of 20-60 MeV. At the same time, the rollover energy reaches 19.6 MeV. The spectral index decreases from 5.8 to 2.9 as the energy density of Alfven waves increase. All these results are basically consistent with the theoretical models, as well as the observations of typical energetic particle events.

通过数值求解包含二阶费米加速的一维扩散方程，探讨在准平行激波条件下激波厚度和级联阿尔芬波对粒子加速的影响，研究粒子分布函数的演化与激波厚度和阿尔芬波强度的内禀关系，计算结果表明：(1)考虑激波厚度时，谱指数明显依赖于激波厚度，随着厚度从0.32增大到2.56，低能端(3-10MeV)谱指数逐渐从2.1增加到3.7，高能端(20-60MeV)谱指数从2.4增大到5.0，能谱逐渐变软；当初始注入粒子动量增大1.3倍，质子能谱指数从4.3减小到3.1，且与零厚度激波加速的谱指数差值缩小；厚度不变时，随着压缩比从2增加到4，准稳态分布时低能端(3-10MeV)粒子能谱指数逐渐从4.0减小到1.8谱变硬；(2)在级联阿尔芬波的影响下，随着时间的增大，粒子在低能处(3-10MeV)的谱指数从2.5减小到0.6高能端(20-60MeV)谱指数从11.6减小到5.0，能谱变硬，拐点能量值从7.5MeV增大到为19.6MeV；随着波的能量密度增大，谱指数从5.8减小到2.9，这表明阿尔芬波强度越大，加速效率越高，通过与激波厚度解析结果和高能粒子事件的观测能谱比较发现两者是一致的，说明数值模拟结果是可靠的。

From the results obtained in the study, the following conclusions can be made:The methylene blue and spectrophotometer method can capture the free radicals generated successfully. This is an effective way to measuring the free radicals quantitatively in cavitation, moreover it is easy to fulfill.The intensity of cavitation increases with reduction in the cavitation number. But the different mechanism of various enhancive processes (chemical and physical processes) results in different effect by cavitation number.The effect of operating parameters, such as inlet pressure, temperature and time on cavitation indicate that optimum operating conditions exist at the cavitation enhancive effect is maximum.It is important to optimize the structure of hydrodynamic cavitation reactor for achieving a desired effect. A reasonable geometric parameter can promote the enhancive effect for a fixed hydrodynamic condition.Ventilating appropriate gas to cavitating flow can increase cavitational intensity and hence promote the enhancive effect of hydrodynamic cavitation.

研究结果表明：亚甲基蓝分光光度计法，能够成功地捕捉到水力空化产生的羟自由基，是定量检测空化自由基简便易行的有效方法；空化程度随空化数的减小而增强，但对于不同的强化过程，因其强化机理不同，故空化数对强化效应的影响也不同；水力空化系统的压力、温度及时间等操作参数对空化强化效应的影响规律表明：在适宜的操作条件下可产生最佳的空化强化效果；空化发生器结构的优化设计是保证空化强化效应的重要前提，在一定的水力学条件下，合理的结构尺寸可以增强空化作用效果：往水流中适量加入干扰气体能够提高空化强度，增强空化强化效果。

Changdong" showed a noticeable enhancive effect when it was co-administrated with other anti-tumor agents or when it was co-applied with radiotherapy. The action mechanism study showed that an apparent cytotoxic effect of "Changdong" on ten tumor strains in vitro with a quantity-effect relationship was observed. Immunity experiment showed that "Changdong" could induce proliferation of spleen lymphocyte in mice bearing tumor and could improve NK cell" s activity, whereas has no impact on IL-2" s reproduction. It was also noticed that "Changdong" could induce human liver cancer QGY" s apoptosis in vitro, and it happened mainly on G0-G1 phase.

结果："长动"对小鼠移植瘤模型和人体肿瘤裸鼠异种移植均有明显抑制作用，量效关系明显："长动"与放疗和化疗分别联合应用有明显的增效作用：作用机制研究结果：细胞毒性试验研究表明"长动"在体外对10株肿瘤细胞有明显的细胞毒性作用，量效关系明显；免疫学试验表明"长动"可以诱导荷瘤小鼠的脾淋巴细胞增殖，增强NK细胞的活性，对IL-2的产生无明显影响；"长动"在体外可明显诱导人体肝癌QGY细胞凋亡，使细胞阻滞于G0-G1期。

The wound tissue necrosis rate of the trial group and the control group ＜25% in two weeks were 32(96.9%) and 8(27.59%) respectively, and wound complete debridement rates were 90.91% and 6.70%. Wound area reduction rates were 47.42% and 20.21%.There was a significant difference between the two groups (P＜0.05～0.01). It suggests that collagenase can promote granulation form and epithelization.

结果表明，治疗组和对照组两周内创面组织坏死率＜25%的例数分别为32(96.9%)和8例(27.59%)；创面完全清创率分别为90.91%和6.70%；创面面积分别缩小47.43%和20.21%，均具有明显差异(P＜0.05～0.01)，同时也表明，胶原酶对创面肉芽的形成和上皮化具有明显的促进作用。

Adsorption behavior of NB showed that the relationship between the adsorption amount of NB on the soil particles and the equilibrium concentration in solution was well linear within the concentration ranging from 0 to 25 mg/L.

2硝基苯在土壤粒子上的吸附实验表明：在0-25 mg/L浓度范围内，硝基苯在土壤粒子上的吸附量与溶液中平衡浓度之间存在较好的线性关系，表明硝基苯在土壤中的吸附机理以分配作用为主。

The basic characteristics of the whole process were gained. When the seedling falling out of the tube feet, the difference of the time interval between 2 neighboring seedlings wasn't notable, and the difference of the time interval of 2 neighboring seedlings wasn't notable and the agricultural time was not special notable. These results showed that the uniformity of the pneumatic ordered throwing transplantation was excellent and could meet the demands from design and agriculture; Upstanding state was primary as the seedling falling out of the tube feet, it showed that the seedling could keep erective preferably when the seedling falling to the field.

结果表明：钵体苗从导苗管管脚中落出时，相邻2株钵体苗落出时的时间间隔差异不显著，从左中右3个管脚落山的相邻2株钵体苗的时间间隔与农艺要求的时间差异极不显著，说明气力有序抛秧均匀性好，能满足设计要求和农艺要求；钵体苗从导苗管管脚落出时以直立状态为主，表明气力有序抛秧的钵体苗落入田间时能较好地保持直立。

Theoretical calculation shows the anomaly of reservoir tidal gravity is measured at μGal level, while the measured data shows the observation error of such tidal gravity at 10-μGal level. This indicates that the data noise may well disguise real anomalies, and therefore that the lack of measured anomaly data does not necessarily equate to the lack of oil and gas reservoir underneath. The actual observed tidal gravity anomaly can reach tens of μGal. Though it is more than three times the observation error, we can not attribute it to the reservoir-induced tidal gravity anomaly.

理论计算表明，油藏潮汐重力异常在微伽量级，而实际资料表明潮汐重力的观测误差为10 μGal量级，油藏潮汐重力异常可能会被噪声淹没，所以没有观测到潮汐重力异常不等于地下没有油气；实际观测的潮汐重力异常可达数十μGal，即使超过观测误差的3倍，也不能将它直接归因于油藏产生的潮汐重力异常。

Seed explants of Eleutherococcus senticosus produced somatic embryos directly ongrowth regulator-free medium. The results were showed that use low temperature stressmethod to relieve the Eleutherococcus senticosus seed conformation dormancy andphysiological dormancy, to induce seed germinate. Proliferation of Eleutherococcus senticosussomatic embryo without any plant growth regulathors was better in liquid medium containing1/3MS+sucrose 3%, and better in solid medium containing 1/3MS+sucrose 1%.Eleutherococcus senticosus secondary embryo was stick to matrix through espial of cytology.Eleutherococcus senticosus somatic embryo was cultivated some times to form immature frondin liquid medium, then transfer into solid medium to form full plant. The experiment wasindicated that much more Eleutherococcus senticosus immature frond can be cultured inbioreactor, so large-scale production in bioreactor culture can be done.

研究结果表明：低温胁迫处理刺五加种子可以打破种子的形态休眠和生理休眠，促使种子发芽：在不添加任何植物激素的培养基中诱导刺五加体胚形成，其中，1／3MS+3％蔗糖的培养基搭配有利于液体培养的刺五加体胚增值，1／3MS+1.0％蔗糖的培养基搭配有利于固体培养的刺五加体胚增值；在进行体细胞胚增殖时，体细胞胚继代三周后表面开始形成很多次生胚，对刺五加次生胚进行细胞学观察，发现刺五加次生胚与母体只是粘贴在一起；刺五加体胚需在液体培养基中培养一段时间形成幼植物体，实验表明可以通过生物反应器培养大量的刺五加幼植物体，然后转入固体培养基中形成完整植株，因此可以通过生物反应器培养进行规模化生产。

It was found that there were 36 distinct differences in 184 protein spots. In-gel digestion and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry C LC-MS were made to analyze the protein SSP2801, and Mascot software was applied to identify the protein. The results showed the protein was large subunit of Rubisco, and its content in yellow mutant decreased distinctly, only about 26% of the comparison. Maybe it has relation to etiolation.

切耿其中差异最为明显的SSP2801位点蛋白进行胶内酶切、LC-MS分析，并应用Mascot软件检索鉴定，结果表明该蛋白组分为RUBP羧化酶的大亚基，其在突变体中含量明显减少，仅为对照的26％，表明突变体叶色黄化与RUBP羧化酶大亚基含量减少也有关系。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。