补语

This book is attributed to a group of writers:Errors in the use of Auxiliary Verbs by Han Yufang,Adverb才and就by Zhou Qingming,Conjunction和by Han Xiaoping,Particle吗by Cui Fuying,Adverbial Adjuncts by Hu Zhiying,Complements of Frequency by Du Tonghui,Peng Zhiping,Li Xiuqing,Complements of Duration and跟…一样by Li Chengcai,Complex Sentences of Suppositional,Conditional,Causative and Adversative Relation by Dong Yuan,Rhetorical Question by Wang Xiuyun,and the rest by Li Zhu,Cheng Meizhen.

本书能愿动词误用由韩玉芳执笔；副词"才"和"就"由朱庆明执笔；连词"和"误用由韩孝平执笔；助词"吗"误用由崔福英执笔；状语误用由胡志英执笔；动量补语误用由杜同蕙、彭志平、李秀清执笔；时量补语和"跟……一样"误用由李成才执笔；假设、条件、因果和转折关系复句的误用由董原执笔；反诘句误用由王秀云执笔；其余的部分由李珠、程美珍执笔。

This paper discusses "V+cheng1" and "V+cheng3"."V+cheng1" is a typical resultative small clause structure, while "V+cheng3" contains a causer.

V成1"式是典型的结果补语小句结构，"V成3"式是含有致使者的结果补语小句结构，这两类也就是以往研究中所区分的"成功"类和"成为"类"V成述补结构。

We further classify meaningless complement into meaningless result complement and meaningless degree complement. Meaningful complement is further classified into meaningful evaluation complement and meaningful state complement. Meaningful state complement is further classified into ordinary meaningful state complement, hyperbolical meaningful state complement and degree meaningful state complement.

在补语语义指向的探讨过程中，我们也尝试从不同语义指向的补语所表示的语法意义角度给补语重新划分类型：虚化补语和实义补语；虚化补语进一步分为虚化的结果补语和虚化的程度补语，实义补语进一步分为评价补语和状态补语；状态补语又划分出一般状态补语、夸张性状态补语和程度性状态补语。

In"V de dao〓", the word"dao"is a notional verb used as complement of result. In"V de dao〓","dao" has no real meaning and is used as a formal complement. In"V de dao〓","dao" means"enough".

V得倒〓"中"倒"是实义动词，作结果补语；"V得倒〓"中"倒"无实在意义，是个傀儡补语；"V得倒〓"中"倒"表示够量，"V得倒"等于说"够V"。"

It points out that their semantic functions are measured by the action or the time and the space of the central matters with action , and this structure is a method to indicate Chinese predicator number classifier feature , so it is declaration but not reference .

本文主要从语义功能的角度探讨一类二价动词句后面数量短语的句法属性，认为它们主要是对动作行为或者是以动作行为为中心的事件的时间性和空间性的计量，是表示汉语谓词性成分数量特征的一种手段，所以本质上是陈述的，而不是指称的，因此既可以充当补语也可以充当谓语，因其类别不同而导致陈述能力存在强弱之分，这制约其充当补语和谓语的能力。

Also , the thesis approaches the subject from the typological geographical linguistics perspective in or der to clarify the question of adverbial predicator complement predicator complement object or der patterns .

本文全面而系统地对汉语与越南语的各种补语进行比较，着重讨论汉越补语的不同之处，并试图从语言类型地理学的角度去探讨这两种语言的状+述+补以及述+补+宾的语序问题。

Therefore, on the basis of objective description of corpus example, this paper study and analyze the condition of "free form" and "bound form" of the verbal phrases such as "V + Particle + N"、"V+ complement"(including:"V+ trend complement","V+ result complement","V+ extent complement" and "V+ action-measure complement )、"V TO V"、"V+ adverb+ V"、"V of V "and "V+ D".At the same time, from the semantic and pragmatic perspective this paper discuss the conditions and causes from "bound form" to "free form",concluding that particle dynamics、exclamation at the end of the sentence、adverb and follow—up of the language and so on can act as the conditions from the bound verbal phrase to the free verbal phrase. The main reason for these conditions is rich in the amount of the sentence, making semantic self—contained; Finally, this paper simply describes the theoretical and practical significance of the phenomena of "free form" and "bound form in the aspect of verbal phrase; at he conclusion of the article, the author of the text further sum up the content and coverage and raise her own views of the text of underdevelopment and the questions yet continuing to study.

因此，本文接着在语料例证的客观描述基础上，针对"v+动态助词+N"、"V+补语"(包括："V+趋向补语"、"V+结果补语"、"V+程度补语"、V+动量补语)、、"V来V去"、"副词+V"、"V的V"、"V+D的"等动词性短语的"粘着"和"自由"的情况做了探讨分析，并且从语义和语用两个角度探讨了"粘着"向"自由"转化的条件及原因，认为动态助词、句末语气词、副词、后续语段等等都可以充当粘着的动词性短语向自由的动词性短语转化的条件，其主要原因则是这些条件丰富了句子的信息量，使得语义自足；最后，文章简要地论述了研究动词性短语的"自由"和"粘着"现象的理论意义和实践意义；在文章的结语部分，作者就文中所论述的角度和涵盖的内容做了进一步的总结，并对文中存在的不足和有待于继续研究的问题提出了自己的看法。

This thesis discusses the types of the adnex, complement and the verb-complement structure in the Dream of the Red Chamber. Then it analyzes the functions of syntax of the verb-complement structures and the complements semantic connection with other sentential components.

本文首先探讨了《红楼梦》述语的类型、补语的类型和述补结构的类型，然后分析了述补结构的句法功能和补语与其他句子成分的语义关系，最后对几种特殊的述补结构类型进行讨论和辨析。

After research we can find that: firstly, a great number of predicate-word phrases can act as the adnex of the verb-complement structure; secondly, almost all the verbal phrases and adjectival phrases can act as complement, and other phrases like adverbs, noun, quantifier phrases, some prepositional phrases and subject-predicate phrases, even compound sentence can act as complement too;thirdiy, there are six kinds of verb-complement structures in the novel;fourthly, the verb-complement structures can act as subject, predicate, object, attribute, adverbial modifier, complement in a sentence and other phrases component, even can be a sentence by itself; fifthly, the semantic connection between complement and other components in the sentence is very abundance and complex;sixthly, some special verb-complement structures in the Dream of the Red Chamber show the characteristic of transitional language.This thesis is divided into five parts:Part 1: Preface.

通过研究我们可以发现：首先，大多数的谓词性词语在《红楼梦》中都可以充当述补结构的述语；其次，几乎所有的动词性词语和形容词性词语都可以充当补语，少数副词和名词性词语也可以做补语，数量短语、介宾短语、主谓结构和复句也可以做补语；第三，述补结构的类型按中间的助词标记可以分为没有助词的，有&得/的&的，有&个&的，有&着&的，有&将&的和有&到&的六种；第四，述补结构可以充当主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语以及各种成分内部的组成成分，还可以单独成句，其语法功能非常丰富；第五，补语的语义指向是多方面的，语义内容非常复杂；第六，几种特殊的述补结构说明了《红楼梦》的述补结构带有过渡时期的特点。

Because the complement is the most important Wanju element and the function of the tense auxiliary word is similar with the complement, the two kinds of elements are the core of the discussing....

由于补语是&把&字句中最重要的完句成分，时态助词在完句问题上的作用和补语相似，因而二者成为讨论的核心。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。