衍生

The latest results about research on dye-sensitized solar cells are reviewed.So far,most of the organic dyes applied in DSSCs belong to typical D-π-A structures with both electron donorand electron acceptorlinked by aπ-conjugation bridge.According to this structure,the novel conjugated organic dyes that have N,N-dimethylanilinemoieties as the electron donor and a cyanoacetic acidmoiety as the electron acceptor were synthesized for DSSCs.

在第四章中首先概述了染料敏化太阳能电池的最新研究进展，并对其的结构和工作基本原理进行介绍，目前，有机染料分子大部分都是D-π-A结构，我们按照这样的结构设计和合成出六种新型米氏酮-氰基类有机染料分子，该类染料是由米氏酮衍生而来的，合成步骤短，工艺简单。

In this thesis, we did modifications of alkyl groups upon benzyl fluorophosphonate. In order to study the influence of alkyl length and steric effect on activity and selectivity of probes, we synthesized benzyl fluorophosphonate recognition heads with modifications including ethyl, butyl, octyl and cyclohexyl. By way of connecting different kinds of tag like azido group, biotin and rhodamine with recognition heads separately through a higher hydrophilic ethylene glycol derived linker, a series of benzyl fluorophosphonate probes were made up. And they will apply to various biological testing strategies.

在本论文中，我们以苯甲基氟化磷酸酯为基础，於其上进行一系列烷基之修饰，为了探讨烷基长度与空间立体性质对於探针活性及选择性的影响，我们合成了包含乙烷基、丁烷基、辛烷基以及环己烷基修饰的苯甲基氟化磷酸酯辨识端，并藉由具较高亲水性的聚乙二醇衍生连接桥结合三种不同的发报端，分别有叠氮基团、生物素及萤光基团来构成不同的化学探针组合，这一系列苯甲基氟化磷酸酯类化学探针将可被应用於不同的生物测试策略。

Early morning clouds can be seen along the left limb of the planet, and a large cyclonic storm composed of water ice is churning near the polar cap.

这类气旋可能是衍生自火星上不稳的锋面系统，再通过强烈的温差效应帮助而形成。

In the second part of the thesis, we discussed a L-proline-catalyzed direct Aldol reaction between L-amino acid-derived N,N-dibenzyl -amino aldehydes 15 and acetone, cyclopentanone or hydroxyacetone, which afforded (-amino--hydroxy- or (-amino-,(-dihydroxy-ketones in good to excellent yields (up to 94%) and diastereoseletivities (up to 94.9%).

发现许多情况下，反应的产率和de值超过90%。接着，在碱性条件下，我们将L-亮氨酸衍生的N，N-二苄基--氨基醛15g与羟基丙酮反应得到的主要产物(，-二羟基-γ-氨基酮171d与次溴酸钠反应，得到了具有抗肿瘤活性的天然产物PM-94128的氨基酸片断184。

They have been morphologically and cytologically stable with chromosome configuration of "2n=44=22II".

研究表明，两个衍生系在形态学和细胞学上已基本稳定，染色体构型为2n=44=22II。

Since Dadaism,"contingencies" as an original power of art has been accepted and led to a variety of forms. But it need only several seconds even less than one second for Polaroid from having a motive to see the result which can not be changed. Such short process in a large extent challenges the usual thoughtfulness and rational characters of art works.

从达达主义以来，&偶发性&作为艺术的一种&原始动力&早已被接受并衍生出各种各样的形式，但Polaroid从动机的发生到看到结果而不能更改仅仅是几秒甚至不到一秒钟的时间，如此短暂的过程在很大程度上挑战了艺术品惯有的深思熟虑和理性特征。

The suggestions for financial strategy are: 1 strenthen the price ability in the industry chain; 2 improve the management of receivables; 3 extend the span of payables; 4 manage the relation between endogenesis and growth; 5 adjust asset structure, debt structure and finance structure; 6 make full use of financial derival instruments.

对财务战略方面的建议有：（1）增强在产业链中的议价能力；（2）加强应收账款管理；（3）争取更长的付款期限；（4）正确处理好内生性和成长性的关系；（5）调整资产结构、负债结构和融资结构；（6）灵活运用金融衍生工具。

DFA-PEG polyester was synthesized with DFA and PEG 400 at first, and then bysulfating DFA-PEG polyester with NH_2SO_3H or terminating DFA-EG polyester withrosin acid, two derivant, these are sulfated DFA-PEG polyester and terminateDFA-PEG polyester, were synthesized. The reaction conditions of synthesis wereoptimized by orthogonal experiments.The molecular weight of product was analyzed by GPC.

5以二聚脂肪酸和聚乙二醇400为原料，首先合成了DFA-PEG聚酯，再以DFA-PEG聚酯为衍生体，硫酸化或用松香封端，合成了两种DFA-PEG聚酯衍生物——DFA-PEG聚酯硫酸酯盐和松香酸封端DFA-PEG聚酯，通过正交试验，对合成的条件进行了优化。

How to build up and improve our country related law system, how to innovate descendible tools about finance and scatter the risk of bank not only have important theoretical value, more have deep realistic meaning.

如何建立和改善我国相关的法律制度，如何创新会融衍生工具，分散银行风险等问题不仅具有重要的理论价值，更具有深刻的现实意义。

Securitization business tools and deuterogenic business tools are used greatly, and the large-scale annexation of financial institutions which crosses profession is coming forth.

证券化金融工具和衍生金融工具大行其道，跨行业的金融机构大规模兼并开始出现。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。