衍射线

X-ray diffraction,transmission electron microscopy, BET surface area measurement and thermal analysishave been used to determine the characteristics of the nanopowdered silver prepared by chemical reduction with the polymolecular protectant.

用X -射线衍射、透射电镜、比表面测定和热分析技术，对从高分子保护化学还原法制得的纳米Ag粉，做了相关的测定表征；从表观比热的测定结果探讨这一亚稳微晶体系在加热过程和热处理后所发生的各种变化。

Mechanism of flocculation and structure characterization of PSAZ and PSMZ were studied. By XRD instrument analysis, PSAZ and PSMZ which is composed with Zn~(2+)、Al~(3+)or Mg~(2+) and polysilicic acid is amorphous polymer.

对两种絮凝剂絮凝机理和结构进行了研究。X射线衍射图谱分析表明，这两种絮凝剂并非简单的共混物，而是Al~(3+)、Zn~(2+)或者Mg~(2+、Zn~(2+)与聚硅酸形成的无定形聚合物。

Meanwhile, the hardening process of phosphorous slag cement was also determined by trimethylsilylation method and mercury porosimeter.

利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜及差热分析等测试手段，对少熟料磷渣水泥的水化产物进行了分析，并结合三甲基硅烷化法和压汞仪对该种水泥的水化硬化过程进行了研究

The hydrated products and pore size distribution of high road fly ash cement s were studied by means of XRD,DTA,Mercury porosimeter,etc.

采用X -射线衍射、差热分析、微量热计及压汞测孔仪对公路粉煤灰水泥的水化产物、水化放热曲线、孔尺寸分布进行了研究。

Previous studies indicate two possibilities of the formation of the greigite: 1 the seepage of seawater during the postglacial transgression provides sulfate and makes the reducing diagenetic conditions; 2 it may be precipitated as the authengenic mineral in marine or lacustrine sediments during the low sea-level stand of the Late Pleistocene.

本研究在前期工作基础上，针对已发现的硫复铁矿富集区选择典型柱状样6根(深约1.5-2.5m，长柱样；B436、B437、B439、B459、B483、B484)，同时于扬子浅滩前缘新获取柱状样4根(深约0.3-0.5m，短柱样；ST9、ST13、ST15、ST23)，进行了U系测年，粒度分析、磁性测量、X—射线衍射分析、微体古生物鉴定分析、粘土矿物和化学元素含量测试，试图揭示东海外陆架浅部地层结构、揭露硫复铁矿在地层中的分布规律及成因机制，从而探讨该区晚更新世以来海平面波动模式及其控制下的地层发育。

In order to study degradation of potassic mineral by fungi, we isolated a thermophilic fungi strain TH003 from compost. The strain can use extract potassium from rocks as a nutrient. The strain was identified as Aspergillus fumigatus based on its morphological characteristics and molecular result.

为研究真菌对含钾矿物的吸附降解作用，作者从高温堆肥中分离选育出了一株丝状真菌TH003菌株，通过在含有矿物颗粒的改进PDA培养基中培养，使其在培养液中与矿物颗粒发生作用，再取样进行电镜观察和X-射线衍射分析以及电子探针观察。

Ultrafine copper powder s were prepared by direct reduction method with hydrazine hydrate and formaldehyde as composite reductive agent and glucose prereduction method,respectively.

分别采用水合肼-甲醛复合还原剂法以及葡萄糖预还原法制得了微米级的超细铜粉，并利用粉末X射线衍射以及扫描电镜对其进行了表征。

The research of polymer/layered silicate nanocomposite was introduced detailedly, including the classify, property and the latest research advance. On the basis of consulting the document and the exploratory experiment, the experimental method which first creative preparing poly (acrylonitrile-vinyl acetate)/raontmorillonite nanocomposite by emulsion intercalation copolymerization was established; the structure and property of polyacrylonitrle different molecule weight with inorganic mineral super fine nanocomposite was reseached. The reaction principle of PMMA by photo-initution was explored. The mixture principle with productor condition, property of PE/Clay nanocomposite milt insert was seal prived. By PS/Clay nanocomposite munufacture, the monomer ins-polymerization and polymerial solution was proved.

在查阅文献和探索性实验的基础上，确定采用乳液原位插层聚合方法首先创制了聚/蒙脱土纳米复合材料，利用正交实验得出了最佳实验条件，通过X射线衍射和红外光谱对纳米复合材料的结构进行表征，研究了复合材料的溶解性能，并测定了其溶液的绝对粘度；研究了不同相对分子质量的聚丙烯腈与不同的无机矿物超细粉复合材料的结构与性能；探讨了在蒙脱土中光引发聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的反应机理；通过聚乙烯与粘土的纳米复合材料制备，探讨了热塑性树脂熔融插层复合机理与最佳工艺条件和复合材料性能关系；通过聚苯乙烯与蒙脱土纳米复合材料制备，验证了单体原位聚合插层和聚合物溶液插层机理。

The psammoma body mineralization in meningioma is a common type of mineralizationThe analysis of the mineral composition may provide some support information in finding the reason of happening and developing of the diseaseThis paper focuses on the concentric layered structure mineralization in meningiomas, using mineralogical methods, such as HRSEM, ESEM, EDAX, EPMA, HRTEM, XRD and FTIR to systematically investigate the mineral composition, structure and shape of the minerals in psammoma bodies in meningiomasWe have devised a method for preparing the silicon wafer sheet which was used for the ESEM insitu observations and analysisIn this study, we first got the ESEM and HRTEM images of the initial mineralization phase of meningiomasThese images showed that in the early stage of psammoma body mineralization in meningiomas, many mineralized balls composed of octocaphosphate were precipitated on the collagen fibersThese balls continued to grow and aggregate, and were gradually hydrolyzed to become the dahlliteThe continued development of mineralization resulted in the mineralized collagen fibersThe study revealed that the concentric layered structure of the psammoma bodies in meningiomas is formed by the spiral arrangement of the mineralized collagen fibers on which the mineralized grains precipitated.

砂粒体矿化是脑膜瘤中常见的矿化类型，对其形成机理和矿物成分的分析可能会对肿瘤发生、发展的研究提供辅助信息。该研究选取人脑膜瘤中的砂粒体矿化作为研究对象，采用偏光显微镜、环境扫描电镜及能谱、X射线衍射仪、高分辨透射电镜和电子探针对样品的形貌、结构和成分进行测试分析，并以此为依据探讨脑膜瘤中砂粒体的形成机理。研究结果表明矿化的初期为沉淀在胶原纤维上的矿化小球，成分为磷酸八钙；矿化小球不断生长聚集，并逐步水解为碳羟磷灰石晶体，矿化的不断发展致使胶原纤维也发生矿化。砂粒体的同心层状构造是由螺旋状排列的矿化胶原纤维及沉淀在其上的矿化颗粒组成的集合体，而不是多数研究中所述：砂粒体是以坏死细胞残骸为中心由内至外的同心层沉淀。

Selecting three typical pseudobinary eutectic systems, Al-Mg〓Si, Al-Mg〓Ge and Ge-AlSb, as the basic modelling system, this paper studied the regularity of composition selection and growth ect.

本文以恒温度梯度热分析、金相分析、定向凝固及熔体X射线衍射分析为主要手段，以Al-Mg〓Si、Al-Mg〓Ge和Ge-AlSb三个伪二元共晶体系作为基本的模拟系，对A-BC〓型伪二元定向共晶复合体的成分选择与生长等规律作了较为系统的研究。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。