衍射线

Department of Scientific History and Archaeometry; Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049;4.Institute of Archaeology; Chinese Academy of Social Sciences; Beijing 100710; China;The fabrication technologies in terms of phase composition,structure,firing temperature,porosity,density and water permeability of ceramic water pipes and contrastive ceramic tilesexcavated from Anyang Yin Ruins of Shang dynasty were studied by X-ray fluorescence,X-ray diffraction and dilatometer,respectively.It was found that the contents of CaO,K2O,MgO and P2O5 in CWP were relatively higher than those in contrastive CT.The difference was further confirmed by the mass ratio of flux...

采用X射线荧光、X射线衍射、热膨胀等分析手段对比研究了安阳商代陶水管的制作工艺，发现陶水管化学成分中各类熔剂的质量分数均略高于对比陶片中熔剂的质量分数，CaO、K2O、MgO等助熔剂与A l2O3的质量比进一步证实该现象，而这种差异性则外在地表现为陶水管的气孔度低于对比陶片以及陶水管热膨胀曲线中出现玻璃化现象，该结果表明陶水管原料应为一种易熔粘土，或者在沉淀粘土中人为地掺和了草木灰类掺和料，这有利于陶水管烧制与成型，有助于熔剂在熔融状态下，较好地进入陶水管中的空隙，使陶水管变得更加致密，一定程度上有利于防止陶水管的渗水，显示出陶水管制作工艺的特殊性。

In the Secondone,we presented a simple and expedient electrolytical reductionmethod to grow molybdenum blue bronze crystals from salts melts.The structure and composition were verified by single-crystal X-raydiffraction and XPS electron-probe analysis.

通过XPS和四园单晶X-射线衍射方法对单晶成份和结构，利用汇聚束电子衍射和STM方法对单晶的群对称性及表面电子结构进行分析研究，结果表明：生长的单晶具有高质量，且与国外制备的单晶一致，给进一步深入的研究工作提供了可靠的依据。

By means of measurements of mechanical and electrical properties, metallographical and transmission electron microscope observation, X-ray diffraction and selected diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscope and energy spectrum, the phase transformation process of Cu-15Ni-8Sn alloy and the relation between its microstructure and properties were studied.

本文利用力学与电学性能测试，金相与透射电镜观祭，X-射线衍射与选区电子衍射分析，扫描电镜和能谱分析等方法对Cu-15Ni-8Sn合金的相变过程以及合金的组织结构与性能之间的关系进行了研究。

The formation of pure NiFe〓O〓 was confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction and electron diffraction.

粉末X-射线衍射和电子衍射确证了NiFe〓O〓纯相的形成。

The montorillonite is treated with these agents, which results in marked increase in their organophilic properties. The orgnic-montmorillonite has been identified by X-ray diffraction, different thermal analysis and infrared adsorption spectra. Polyethylene/montmorillonite composites are pre- pared by melt intercalation. The compatibility of PE and MMT is improved with different compatibilizers. As a compatibilizer, maleated polyethylene is better and has been proved by XRD and mechanics performance.

同时用X射线衍射衍射实验、红外光谱实验、差热分析试验、力学性能测试等手段，研究了采用不同的相容剂改善聚乙烯与蒙脱土之间的相容性的情况；相容剂的用量对聚乙烯/蒙脱土复合材料层间距、性能的影响；蒙脱土的含量对PE/MMT对复合体系的层间距影响；以及工艺条件对复合体系的层间距和性能的影响。

Hexachlorocyclophosphazene was prepared using phosphorous pentachloride and ammonium chloride as raw material, hccp was mixed with Montmorillonite which aimed to decrease MMT.'s hydrophilicity. Solid state reserve cell of Mg│reformed MMT.│polymer gel containing water│graphite was assembled, and cell performance was tested. XRD and IR results show: When mass percentage lower than 9.1%, hccp mixed with MMT to form homophase, hccp phase was observed in the mixture when percentage higher than 9.1%, for hccp specific diffraction peak appears in XRD data, and 1220cm-1 which was assigned to P=N double bond 's expand vibration appears in IR data.

合成了六氯环三磷腈，并用六氯环三磷腈与蒙脱石混合对其改性，期望能减小蒙脱石的吸水性能；组装电池Mg |改性蒙脱石|含水凝胶|石墨片，并测试电池的性能。X射线粉末衍射数据和红外光谱数据表明：蒙脱石容纳六氯环三磷腈的质量分数在4.8%-9.1%之间，可与蒙脱石形成单一物相，但混合质量分数大于9.1%时，改性蒙脱石出现六氯环三磷腈的特征衍射峰，和1220 cm-1的六氯环三磷腈P=N双键的特征伸缩振动峰，证明为蒙脱石与六氯环三磷腈的两相混合。

Provided are carbide derived carbon materials prepared by thermochemically reacting carbide compounds and a halogen containing gas and extracting all atoms of the carbide compounds except carbon atoms, wherein the intensity ratios of the graphite G band at 1590 cm -1 to the disordered-induced D band at 1350 cm-1 are in the range of 0.3 through 5 when the carbide derived carbon is analyzed using Raman peak analysis, wherein the BET surface area of the carbide derived carbon is 1000 m 2 /g or more, wherein a weak peak or wide single peak of the graphite (002) surface is seen at 2 = 25 DEG when the carbide derived carbon is analyzed using X-ray diffractometry, and wherein the electron diffraction pattern of the carbide derived carbon is the halo pattern typical of amorphous carbon when the carbide derived carbon is analyzed using electron microscopy.

提供了得自碳化物的碳，其通过热化学反应碳化物化合物和含卤族元素的气体并提取除了碳原子之外的碳化物化合物的全部原子制备，其中当使用拉曼峰分析法分析该得自碳化物的碳时，在1590cm -1 的石墨G波段与在1350cm -1 的无序引发的D波段的强度比为0.3至5，其中该得自碳化物的碳的BET表面积是1000m 2 /g或更大，其中当使用X射线衍射法分析该得自碳化物的碳时，在2θ＝25°观察到石墨(002)面的弱峰或宽单峰，以及其中当使用电子显微法分析该得自碳化物的碳时，得自碳化物的碳的电子衍射图是代表无定形碳的晕图案。该发射体具有良好的均匀性和长寿命。可以使用比用于生产常规碳纳米管的方法更廉价的方法制备发射体。

GaN nanorods are successfully synthesized on Si(111) substrates with magnetron sputtering through ammoniating Ga2O3/Co films at 950℃.X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy are used to characterize the samples.

采用磁控溅射技术先在Si衬底上制备Ga2O3/Co薄膜，然后在950℃下流动的氨气中进行氨化反应制备GaN纳米棒。应用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、傅里叶红外吸收光谱、选区电子衍射和高分辨透射电子显微镜对样品进行表征。

And the possibility of using this mothod to measure the grain size on line was discussed.

实验结果表明，这种方法操作简单，能够准确测量在一定尺寸范围内的板材的晶粒尺寸，并与背散射电子衍射结果进行了比较，探索了用X射线面探测器衍射系统在工业上进行金属板材晶粒尺寸在线检测的可行性。

By transmission electron microscope, selected area electron diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimeter as well as self-devised drainage, the effects of metals on grindability, material size, hydrogen storage capacity and hydriding-dehydriding properties are emphatically researched. Fe、Co、Ni were added in pretreatment process of anthracite and the effects of the added metals are researched, also, the action mechanism of metals is discussed on the basis of experimental results.

通过透射电镜、选区电子衍射，X射线衍射、差式扫描量热分析以及自行设计的排水装置等分析测试手段，着重研究了储氢材料中金属对其可磨性、粒度大小、储氢密度、吸放氢性能等的影响，在无烟煤的预处理过程中添加了Fe、Co、Ni三种金属，研究了所添加金属对材料储氢的影响，并在实验结果的基础上探讨了储氢材料中金属的作用机理。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。