行政的

Public administrator must be located in service, general will and justice, and possessed of tolerance, reason and other kinds of virtues.

服务精神、公意取向和公正立场是对行政人的基本要求。除此以外，行政人还必须具备宽容、理智和合理服从等一些基本美德。

Article 8 When assessing the amount of tax payable, adjusting the amount of fixed tax payment, conducting tax inspection, imposing tax administrative penalties, or conducting tax administrative reconsideration, tax officials shall recuse themselves if they have any of the following relationships with the taxpayer, or tax withholding agent, or its legal representative, or the direct responsible person

第八条 税务人员在核定应纳税额、调整税收定额、进行税务检查、实施税务行政处罚、办理税务行政复议时，与纳税人、扣缴义务人或者其法定代表人、直接责任人有下列关系之一的，应当回避

The executive cadre 118 people, representing 26%; function units with 111 personnel, 222% 25%; units, or 49%.

其中，行政机关干部118人，占26％；具有行政管理职能单位的人员111人，占25％；企事业单位222人，占49％。

"SAIC" means the State Administration of Industry and Commerce of China or the relevant local Administration for Industry and Commerce.

"工商局"指中华人民共和国国家工商行政管理总局或相关的地方工商行政管理局。

This research was focused on the target of 797 Public Elementary School Teachers also acting as administrative directors in Nantou county by the self-composed "Questionnaire of Job Stress and Leisure Participation of Elementary School Teachers also acting as Administrative Directors in Nantou county" as the survey tool. The content included: Job Pressure Scale, Leisure Participation Scale and Basic Personal Data. 797 questionnaires were distributed and collected 641 effective questionnaire out of 648 returned questionnaire with a return rate of 80.4%.

本研究以南投县之公立国民小学兼行政主管教师797人为对象，以普查的方式实施问卷调查，以自编「南投县国民小学兼行政主管教师工作压力及休闲活动参与之问卷」为研究工具，内容包含：工作压力量表、参与休闲活动量表及个人基本资料，调查期间共发出问卷797 份，回收648 份，有效问卷641 份，有效问卷比例为80.4%。

Author puts forward a new concept about regional administrative action for the first time, and analyzes primary seeking of interest that could be inter factor as choice of act through interest analysis way. The result indicates that the seeking self-concern of local government's officials combine the political interest and economic interest faultlessly. There are contorted regional administrative actions by those seeking in Chinese actual state. In order to limit the seeking self-concern of local government's officials, it is necessary to use institutional balance, the fruition of human political experience and existent kingdom, to rectify the regional administrative of local government from the aspect of perfect system.

本文提出区际行政行为的研究，运用利益分析的方法，通过对作为行为选择内因的主体利益追求进行了深入的分析，认为地方政府官员的自利追求，体现了地方政府所追求的政治收益与经济收益的完美结合，在中国现有的制度环境下，催生了扭曲的区际行政行为，从制度完善入手，运用制度制衡这一人类政治经验与生存智慧的结晶，变功利主义的政府行为模式为契约式的行为模式，在宪政制度的责任政府中培养前瞻式的政府管理新理念，从而促进区际政府间合作，矫正地方政府扭曲的区际行政行为。

Disciplined by others and self-containment of administrative ethics are the motive mechanism of the administrative ethical practice.

行政伦理学是一种应用伦理学，是一种职业伦理学，它与公共行政实践之间存在着天然的联系。

Administrative review is a self-correcting errors executive an important supervision system.

行政复议是行政机关自我纠正错误的一种重要监督制度。

To achieve the goal, the best way is to systematize administrative ethics.

要进行行政伦理建设，最有效可行的方法就是行政伦理制度化。

One is to define a criterion in view of legislation, balancing and administrative procedure to distinguish between the reasonableness and unreasonableness.

这些标准是：立法目的标准、衡量性标准、行政过程符合理性标准。另一方面建立对不合理行政行为的监督体系也十分必要。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。