行政的

In response to this issue, the author is start from the reality of the Chinese accountability system, analyzing its fundamental intendment and theoretical foundation; and then demonstrating the significance in the execution of administrative accountability in our nation; in addition dissertating the real whole state of accountability system nowadays and its imperfection in enactment.

针对这一问题，笔者从我国行政问责制度建设的现实出发，从行政问责制的基本概念入手，分析了行政问责制度相关概念，讨论了行政问责制度的理论基础，进而剖析我国行政问责制度实施的现状以及在实施中存在的问题，阐述了我国问责制其本身存在的弊端。

The present study of the relations between China s entering into WTO and the system of administrative remedy is still not deep To perfect the system of administrative remedy, we should take the influence of entering into WTO on the government action as the starting point, meet the requirements of the market economy, and change the traditional mode of government action Following measures should be included First, to perfect the system of administrative remedy from the aspects of the institution of lett...

关于我国加入WTO与行政救济制度的关系，目前的研究比较表面化。应当以加入WTO对政府活动的影响为出发点，以市场经济体制对政府提出的要求以及政府活动方式的一系列转变为基础，完善行政救济制度。具体包括：一是从信访制度、行政纠纷的司法审查前置程序和行政补偿三方面完善行政救济制度体系；二是要在救济制度的规则方面强调裁判机构的中立性。

The system of administrative reconsideration is an important part of administrative relief system.

行政复议是行政机关系统内部自我监督的一种重要形式，也是行政相对人维护自身合法权益的一种行政救济途径。

Finally, the writer designs the system that can regularize the administrative real act and protect civil rights.

最后，笔者提出了对行政事实行为的规范化设计，以期解决保障行政主体依法行政、保护行政相对人合法权益的问题。

As the general designation of the compellent actions in the area of maritime affairs, it consists of compellent measures and compellent enforcement.

海事行政强制措施是指海事管理机构在海事行政执法过程中，依法对行政管理相对人的财物或者行为实施强制，达到海事行政执法目的的行为。

Environmental compulsive administration includes environmental compulsive ad- ministrative measures and environmental compulsive administrative enforcement,There are many puzzles and problems when the environmental compulsive administrative measures are enforced in the local environmental enforcement .

在基层环境执法实践中，环境行政强制措施尤其是环境行政强制执行存在许多困惑和问题，拓展环境行政强制措施，给予环保部门一定的行政强制执行权是提高基层环境执法效率和遏制环境污染的有效途径。

The main contents are: the methods of concluding administrative contract; the principle that concluding administrative contract shall obey, such as principle of participation, principle of legality, principle of equality and freedom, principle of efficiency, principle of good faith and principle of equivalent procedure burden; basic systems of administrative contract's conclusion, such as system of hearings, system of sequence, system of notification, system of publicity, system of functional separation, system of recusation, and system of prescription; procedural rights and obligations of both parties.

主要内容包括：第一，行政契约的缔结所应遵循的原则，主要从一般和特殊两个角度探讨了以下几个主要原则：参与原则，合法原则，平等自由原则，效率原则，诚实信用原则，适于行政需要原则和程序负担均衡原则；第二，怎样缔结行政契约，其方式如何；第三，行政契约缔结的步骤；第四，行政契约缔结的基本制度，主要包括：顺序制度，告知制度，信息公开制度，职能分离制度，回避制度和时效制度；第五，缔约双方的程序性权利义务各有哪些。

The characteristic of the status of our local government administrative cost is : according to the time alignment , the administrative cost of our local government is increasing quickly; according to the time transverse, the administrative cost of our local government is high very much; according to the accommodate, the distribution of the accommodate is not reasonable.

我国行政成本的现状有如下特点：从时间序列上看，政府行政成本增长迅速；从时间横段面上看，政府行政成本处于较高的水平；从供应情况看，政府行政成本供应分布不合理。

Under the "Administrative Licensing Law," the provisions of Article forty-second, apart from the spot to make administrative licensing decision, the executive authorities should be self-administrative from the date of application for leave on the 20th make administrative licensing decision.

第四十二条的规定，第二，从现场除了作出行政许可决定，行政机关应当自由申请许可的行政20日作出行政许可决定。

The individual, the group, the community and the human who play a main role in a conflict have only to selfrestraint, cooperate actively and only thus the harmony between people, between man and nature can be maintained at a higher level.

所以在环境行政法律关系中，环境行政主体与环境行政相对人对环境负有义务，并且只有在履行对环境的义务的前提下，环境行政相对人才能主张环境权利。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。