行为心理学

Theexpected utility theory based on the axioms isalso very important in modern decision-making theory.Form late fifties lastcentury,some scientists ahead by Allais and Edwards,try to check the facticity ofthe rational decision-making models applied to the real decision-making behavior,but find it unsatisfactory.For example,Allais Paradox and Preference Circleschallenge the axioms critically.

从二十世纪五十年代后期开始，以Allais和Edwards为首的一批学者从心理学的角度参与了实际决策行为的研究，他们从实证的观点去考察理性决策模型在实际决策行为中的真实性，不断地发现这些模型在应用中表现出各种偏差，Allais悖论的设计和克星循环现象的发现对Von Neumann-Morgenstern理性行为公理提出了有力的挑战。

In modern mainstream psychology, behaviorist psychology embodied none of the characteristics of multi-dimensions...

在现代主流心理学中，行为主义心理学未能体现出科学的多重向度特征，而且还将狭隘的理解普同化。

Connectionist, constructionist and behaviorist cognitive psychology are new approaches, which have been developed from symbolist cognitive psychology. They have some relations and similarities, as well as differences.

联结主义、建构主义和行为范式认知心理学是在符号主义认知心理学的基础上发展起来的认知心理学新取向，它们之间既存在着一定的联系和相同点，也有一定的差异。

Dennett argues that even an omnicompetent observer who was able to predict the behavior of humans by predicting the behavior of the individual atoms that make them up would need folk psychology.

Dennett认为，即使完全观察者能够通过预知个别原子的行为来预知人的行为，但整装这些原子行为也必须要日常心理学。

He absorbed phenomenological theory in his psychology study and paid much attention to scientific demonstration. His new idea that subjective introspectionism and objective experimentation should be combined was a new and effective scientific approach for studying human behaviors and psychological change in psychology.

他将现象学理论纳入心理学研究，同时重视科学实证在研究中的地位，他所提出的将主观内省法和客观实验法结合起来的观点，为心理学研究人类行为和心理变化提供了一种新的有效的科学方法。

There are three connected claims about the interrelation of psychology and neuroscience that occur in discussions within the circle of psychology: cognitive neuroscience can never give a complete account of the psychology of a person because it is reductionistic; neuroscience can only show correlations between neural events and cognitive or behavioral events; such factors as culture, historical situation, are the most relevant in understanding human knowledge and behavior. The paper gives critical demenstrations for these claims.

在心理学讨论中出现的三个关于心理学与神经科学内部关系的观点是：认知神经科学是还原主义的，所以它不能完全解释一个人的心理；神经科学最多只能说明神经事件与认知或行为事件之间的相关；文化、历史条件等等是理解人类知识和行为的真正相关因素，神经科学对这些几乎没有解释，所以它并不能真正解释心理学。

This paper tries to analyze three aspects of impolite behaviors from the aspect of social psychology. They are the forms, the grounds and disposals of these acts.

本文试图主要从社会心理学的角度，深入探讨关于不文明行为的三大问题，即什么是不文明行为，不文明行为如何发生，以及如何面对不文明行为。

What is pursued by humanistic psychological methodology is to criticize theshortcomings of the"mechomorphic"methodology that permeates psychoanalysis andespecially behaviorism,on the one hand,and promise to create a new research paradigmthat is suited for human psychology and thus to reconstruct a complete image of man,onthe other.

批判贯穿于精神分析、特别是行为主义之中的&机械主义心理学&方法论之弊，承诺创建适于人的心理学研究方式从而重构人的完整形象——这是人本心理学方法论所追求的基本目标。

As a key subject in the scientific system of modem psychology and management science, modem managerial psychology deals with how to promote people＇s behavioral activities in the managements, the exertion of which, to a large degree, is Lased on the managing and stimulating levels and methods.

管理心理学作为现代心理学和管理科学体系中的一门重要学科，其研究目的就在于怎样去充分调动管理中人的行为积极性，而人的行为积极性和潜能的发挥则在很大程度上取决于管理激励的水平和方法。

But what is most noteworthy in Hall's definition is his use of the term "habitually used," which bears a strong trace of the influence of behaviourist psychology so popular at the time the definition was formulated.

但是，在霍尔的定义中更引人注目的还是&约定俗成的&一词，它带有很强的行为主义心理学影响的色彩。在作出该定义的时代，行为主义心理学非常流行。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。