行为主义心理学

Parallel to these developments in psychology, a philosophical behaviorism (sometimes called logical behaviorism) was developed.

和这些心理学的发展并行的，一个哲学上的行为主义（有时被叫做逻辑行为主义）发展了起来。

The methods based on dualism are: the argument of analogy, hypothesis-deduce, cloud chamber imprint analogy, etc; while the methods based on monism are: logical behaviorism,being of Strawson, methological behaviorism, physicalism, etc. Since the 20 century, concerning the other minds problem, certain important achievements and empirical material were offered along with the great development made by modern scientific technology (esp. the Neurobiology, cognitive neuroscience,and the measuring and testing techniques of brain), the knowledge combination and intersecting cooperation research done by philosophers and biological scientists.

对于他心问题的解决方案，建立在二元论基础上的方法有：类比法，假说—演绎证明与"云室"痕迹类比等；建立在一元论基础上的方法有：分析行为主义，斯特劳森的人论，心理学行为主义，物理主义等。20世纪以来，随着现当代科学技术（尤其是神经生物学、认知神经科学和大脑测试技术等）的深入发展，哲学家与生命科学家的知识联姻和交叉合作研究，提供了关于他心问题的若干重要成果和实证资料。

Depth psychology and behaviorism have disclosed some rationale of human beings' behavior, but there is no reasonable interpretation of symbolized consumption.

心理学中的精神分析学派与行为主义学派虽然一定程度上揭示了人的行为发生的基本原因，但在解释符号化消费行为方面则存在比较明显的缺陷，本章以人本主义心理学为基本理论对导致符号化消费行为发生的需求和动机进行了分析，提出符号化消费行为是消费者借助商品来满足自我实现需要的一种有效手段。

Buddha's psychology sounds almost behavioristic and materialistic, similar to some twentieth-century expressions of psychology.

佛陀的心理学听起来几乎是行为主义和唯物主义的，与一些20世纪的心理学观点类似。

Holding his behavioristic tradition and deeply conservative radical ideology, Lashley devotes to study a pure, fact-driven neuropsychology. We set lashleys research at the heart of two controversies that polarizes the American life and human sciences in the first half of the twentieth century.

作为心理学史上一位重要的实验研究者，拉施里坚持行为主义的立场，坚持保守的激进意识形态，研究受事实驱动的、&纯粹&的神经心理学。

They are natural sciences, scientific philosophy and psychology itself. At first his view is called social behaviorism, and then paradigmatic behaviorism, and now psychological behaviorism.

斯塔茨整合思想的形成有其自然科学背景、科学哲学背景和心理学背景，其整合观的演变历程为，从社会行为主义发展到范式行为主义，再到心理行为主义。

In terms of five fundamental tenets to which social constructivism subscribes,this paper analyzes Bandura's social cognitive theory.

本文根据社会建构主义的五条基本原则，对他的社会认知理论进行了分析，分析的结果表明其主要的理论原则、论点，以及心理学构想不仅与社会建构主义思想一致，还与关于人类活动的行为主义的观点相对立。

What is pursued by humanistic psychological methodology is to criticize theshortcomings of the"mechomorphic"methodology that permeates psychoanalysis andespecially behaviorism,on the one hand,and promise to create a new research paradigmthat is suited for human psychology and thus to reconstruct a complete image of man,onthe other.

批判贯穿于精神分析、特别是行为主义之中的&机械主义心理学&方法论之弊，承诺创建适于人的心理学研究方式从而重构人的完整形象——这是人本心理学方法论所追求的基本目标。

Behaviourism – Behaviourists, such as John Watson, were extremely critical of all the approaches that concerned themselves with 'mind', and proposed that psychology should only investigate observable behaviour if it wanted to be an objective science.

行为主义——以华生为代表的行为主义者们猛烈批判了所有关注&意识&的心理学流派，并主张，如果心理学想要成为一门客观的自然科学的话，它就只应该研究可观察的行为。

This approach dominated experimental psychology until the 1950s, when a strong resurgence of interest in the 'mind' developed in the form of the cognitive and humanistic approaches, which suggested that behaviourism ignored all the most important and interesting tings that go on in our heads.

直到二十世纪五十年代，这一流派一直主导着实验心理学。此后，随着人们对&意识&的兴趣的强烈苏醒，出现了认知心理学与人本主义这两种流派——它们认为，行为主义忽视了在我们头脑中运行的所有最重要而又有趣的事情。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。