血管肿

Results: There were 18 cases of astrocytomas, 2 cases of cavernous angioma, 1 cases of hemangioblastoma, 1 cases of dermoid cyst, 1 cases of syringopontia, 1 cases of inflammatory granuloma accompanied with hecrosis and 1 cases of AVM of brain stem in 25 cases.

结果 25例病人中，星形细胞瘤18例，海绵状血管瘤2例，血管母细胞瘤1例，表皮囊肿1例，桥脑空洞症1例，炎性肉芽肿组织伴坏死1例，脑干AVM 1例。

Objective To investigate the clinical features, causes of blindness and diagnosis of Vogt Koyanagi Harada syndrome Methods The data of 157 patients with VKH syndrome were reviewed and analyzed Patients were carefully examined with slit lamp, ophthalmoscope, three mirror lens, fundus fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography and HLA typing Results Headache was noted in 73 5% of these patients Simultaneous involvement of both eyes occurred in 80 8% of these patients Chroiditis,papilledema and edema of the retina adjacent to the optic nerve were noted in 100% of these patients in the posterior uveitis stage, whereas recurrent granulomatous anterior uveitis (98 4%),"sunset glow" fundus (95 8%) and Dalen Fuchs nodules (71 2%) were the common ocular findings in the recurrent anterior uveitis stage The common causes of blindness were papillitis, exudative retinal detachment and complicated cataract in the posterior uveitis stage, anterior uveal involvement stage and its recurrent stage Poliosis (36 3%) and alopecia (35 0%) were the most common extraocular findings Early irregular patches of fluorescence, followed by localized hyperfluorescent spots were the typical findings of FFA Dilation of choroidal vessels and leakage of ICG from the choroidal vessels were the common ICGA findings The prevalence of HLA DR4 and HLA DRw53 in patients (54 9% and 71 8% respectively) was significantly higher than that in controls (14 7% and 38 2% respectively) Conclusions VKH syndrome is characterized by chroiditis, papillitis or neuroretinitis in the posterior uveitis stage, followed by a generalized uveitis with a typical recurrent granulomatous anterior uveitis Extraocular findings and relevant examinations including FFA, ICGA and HLA typing are helpful to the diagnosis of VKH syndrome

目的探讨Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada综合征患者的临床特征、盲目原因及诊断等有关问题。方法对在1996年1月至2000年12月间就诊资料完整的157例VKH综合征患者进行回顾性分析，并对裂隙灯、眼底镜、三面镜、荧光素眼底血管造影(fundus fluorescein angiography，FFA)、吲哚青绿血管造影(indocyanine green angiography，ICGA)及人类白细胞抗原分型等检查结果进行分析。结果 VKH综合征最常见的前驱症状为头痛(102例，73.5%)，双眼同时患病118例(80.8%)；后葡萄膜炎期眼部主要表现为脉络膜炎、视乳头及附近视网膜水肿(100.0%)；前葡萄膜炎反复发作期眼部表现为复发性肉芽肿性前葡萄膜炎(128例，98.4%)、晚霞状眼底改变(95.8%)及Dalen-Fuchs结节(71.2%)；后葡萄膜炎期、前葡萄膜受累期及前葡萄膜炎反复发作期导致盲目的主要原因分别为视乳头炎、视网膜脱离及并发性白内障；毛发变白(36.3%)及脱发(35.0%)是最常见的眼外表现；炎症活动期FFA典型表现为斑驳状高荧光，ICGA发现脉络膜血管扩张、通透性增高等改变；VKH综合征患者HLA-DR4及HLA-DRw53的阳性率(54.9%及71.8%)显著高于正常对照组(14.7%及38.2%)。结论 VKH综合征患者在后葡萄膜炎期眼部典型表现为双侧脉络膜炎、视乳头炎或神经视网膜炎，随后出现以反复发作的肉芽肿性前葡萄膜炎为特征的全葡萄膜炎。眼外症状及相关的辅助检查包括FFA、ICGA 及HLA分型等有助于VKH综合征的诊断。

Furuncle swollen early not squeeze, especially rich in blood vessels of head and face, and intracranial transportation, furuncle swollen by extrusion, bacteria is very likely to take the opportunity to enter the brain, causing dangerous intracranial infection.

疖肿早期不宜挤压，尤其是头面部血管丰富，与颅内交通，疖肿受到挤压，细菌极可能趁机进入颅内，造成危险的颅内感染。

Systemic vasculitis vascular inflammation is the main pathological changes in a class of inflammatory diseases, including aortoarteritis, giant cell arteritis, and polyarteritis nodosa arteritis, Wegener's meat, such as swollen teeth.

系统性血管炎是以血管炎症反应为主要病理改变的一类炎性疾病，包括大动脉炎、巨细胞动脉炎、结节性多动脉炎、韦格氏肉牙肿等。

Results43 patients were treated with more than six different kinds of surgeries, and 8 cases of complication mainly occurred on the first 30 cases of operations, which included 1cases of conversion to open surgery, 1 cases of preperitoneal emphysema, 1 cases of cutaneous emphysema, 1cases of gastrocolic omentum pain on the paracentesis point, 1 cases of bladder injury,1 cases of scathe on intestinal canal and 2 cases of injury of blood vessel.

结果 本组共43 例，涉及6种以上术式，8 例出现术中并发症，主要发生在前期30 例中，其中中转开腹1例，腹膜前气肿1 例、皮下气肿1例，穿刺孔大网膜痛1例，膀胱损伤1例，腹内肠管损伤1例、大血管损伤2例，未出现穿刺孔感染、出血、麻醉意外等并发症。

If there are large veins or extensive varicose veins, you may need an evaluation by a vascular surgeon.

如果有大的血管或者广泛的静脉肿的血管，你可能需要一位脉管外科医生的评估。

The mice inoculated with Coxiella burnetii intrana- sally developed interstitial pneumonia,while the primary pathological changes of mice inoculated intraperitoneally are granulomas in spleen and liver.2.The pathological changes became more severe followed the dosage increasing.3.Coxiella burnetii can be detected in spleen and liver at day 2 after inoculation.the lesion became more and more serious from day 2 to day 12.The characteristic changes were observed at day 7,and recovered at day 14. 4.The reticuloendothelial system are main target of Coxiella burnetii.The pathogen was detected in cytoplasm of monocyte -macrophages of spleen, liver, lung, and endothelioid cells of blood vessel. 5. Coxiella burnetii can be found in macrophages lysosomes by electron microscopy. Most of them are round or rod, and polymorphic shape can also be observed in different size.

结果：1、通过不同感染途径的实验证实，滴鼻感染的小鼠主要表现为间质性肺炎，而腹腔注射感染小鼠则以脾脏、肝脏肉芽肿为主要病变。2、通过不同剂量的感染实验发现，随着感染Q热立克次体剂量的加大，动物病变愈加严重。3、通过感染后不同时间的动态病理学观察发现，在腹腔注射后第2d的脾和肝脏即可发现病原体，主要脏器的病理变化从第2d到第12d逐渐加重，第7d动物的病变最典型，至感染后14d动物的受损器官已开始出现修复性变化。4、 Q热立克次体主要侵害机体的网状内皮系统，在感染小鼠的肝、脾、肺和外周血管单核巨噬细胞以及血管内皮细胞胞浆中查见病原体。5、透射电镜观察可见Q热立克次体主要位于巨噬细胞吞噬溶酶体内，呈多形性，多见圆形和杆状，大小不一。

Together with 17 cases reported in the English literatures there were 21 patients with pneumomediastinum complicated in polymyositis and dermatomyositis （PM/DM in all.

在21例患者中13例（61.9％）有明显的皮肤血管炎表现，而无纵隔气肿并发症的443例患者中只有44例（9.9％）有皮肤血管炎表现，两者比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。

Results Immunostaining of cNOS and iNOS were negative in the rectums of normal rabbits, whereas the results in the of rabbits infected with S. japonicum were strong positive. The positive immunostaining of cNOS was observed in mucosal capillaries and submucosal vessels. Besides in capillaries and submucosal vessels the positive immunostaining of iNOS was seen in schistosoma ova, ova granuloma, fibroconnective tissue and suppuratie cells.

结果 正常兔直肠壁cNOS和iNOS呈阴性反应，血吸虫病兔直肠壁为强阳性，cNOS主要分布在粘膜毛细血管和粘膜下血管壁；iNOS不仅见于上述血管壁，而且见于虫卵、虫卵肉芽肿周围、纤维结缔组织中、炎性细胞之间。

Results Immunostaining of cNOS and iNOS were negative in the rectums of normal rabbits, whereas the results in the of rabbits infected with S. japonicum were strong positive. The positive immunostaining of cNOS was observed in mucosal capillaries and submucosal vessels. Besides in capillaries and submucosal vessels the positive immunostaining of iNOS was seen in schistosoma ova, ova granuloma, fibroconnective tissue and suppuratie cells.

结果 正常兔直肠壁cNOS和iNOS呈阴性反应，血吸虫病兔直肠壁为强阳性，cNOS主要分布在粘膜毛细血管和粘膜下血管壁；iNOS不仅见于上述血管壁，而且见于虫卵、虫卵肉芽肿周围、纤维结缔组织中、炎性前列腺细胞之间。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。