血管学

Abstract］ objective to study the pathological features and histopathological type and differential diagnosis of hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia.methods the clinicopathological characteristics of 40 cases of fnh were studied.all were evaluted by use of paraffin embedded sections and he staining before light microcope observation.results there were 28 females and 12 males fnh patients whose age were from 16 to 62 years（median 41.3）,all alpha-fetoprotein was negative and had no hepatitis history.25 cases were classic type showed characteristic central stellate fibrotic scar,composed of fibrous connestive tissue and tortuous blood vessels.8 cases were telangiectic type,the left were mixed type and adenomatoid type.conclusion fnh is a reactive proliferation of hepatic cells to local blood vessel anomalies,it is not realy a tumor.its differential diagnosis includes hepatic adenomatous hyperplasia nodule,hepatic anaplasia nodular hyperplasia,fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatocellular adenoma.

目的 探讨肝局灶性结节性增生的病理形态特点、组织分型及鉴别诊断。方法分析40例肝局灶性结节性增生的临床资料，并采用石蜡包埋he染色光镜下观察其组织学特点。结果 40例肝局灶性结节性增生患者中，女28例，男12例，年龄18~62岁，平均年龄41.3岁，所有病例术前均无肝炎病史，甲胎蛋白阴性，组织学上25例为经典型，有特征性的中央纤维瘢痕，由纤维结缔组织及扭曲血管组成。8例为毛细血管扩张型，其余为混合型及腺瘤样增生型。结论肝结节性增生是一种肝细胞对局部血管的异常反应性增生，并非真性肿瘤，主要与肝腺瘤样增生性结节、肝间变性结节状增生、肝纤维板层癌及肝细胞腺瘤鉴别。

A physician who specializes in angiology.

专攻血管学的内科医师。

Background:The recent studies showed specific physiology protection mechanism of premanopausal women. The endogenous estrogen of physiology level in their bodies was helpful to regulate lipid metabolism , provent and delay artherosclerosis , protect blood vessel endothelium , inhibit vascular smooth muscle hyperplasing , dilat blood vessel , degrade angiotasis , improve blood rheology , improve insulin resistance , raise survival rate and quality of life of premanopausal women patients with coronary heart disease .

背景：目前研究显示由于绝经前女性特有的生理保护机制，其体内生理水平的内源性雌激素有助于调整脂质代谢，防止和延缓动脉粥样硬化，保护血管内皮，抑制血管平滑肌增殖，扩张血管，降低血管张力，改善血液流变学，改善胰岛素抵抗，提高绝经前女性冠心病患者生存率和生活质量。

This study is aimed to evaluate the distribution of these risk factors among the stroke patients with or without large artery artherosclerosis intracerebral/extracerebral.

回顾性统计2006年3月至2008年6月在华山医院神经内科诊治的脑梗死患者的一般信息、卒中危险因素、头颈部血管影像学资料，并对上述患者根据头颈部血管影像学资料（B超、CTA、MRA及DSA）对其是否合并有责任大血管狭窄进行分组；应用单因素χ2检验分析各个危险因素在不同分组间的差异，并对危险因素与不同血管病变分组之间的相关性进行多元logistic回归分析。

Methods:The artificial defects of 20 rabbits were repaired with frozen allogeneic mandible and fresh syngeneic mandible to study the revascularization's dynamic process of mandible transplantation by the inkgelation vascular perfusion,vascular corroisioncast,Nuclein scintigraphy;the 85 cases received frozen allogeneic mandible transplantation and the measures to improve revascularization;The defects were implanted with bFGF and allogeneic bone,the defects were only repaired with allogeneic bone as control group.

通过冷冻异体下颌骨和新鲜自体骨移植修复20例家兔下颌骨缺损的动物实验，经墨汁明胶血管灌注法、血管铸型法、放射性核素骨显像研究了异体下颌骨移植再血管化及骨改建的动态过程；同时另20例采用bFGF和异体骨修复作为实验组，单纯异体骨修复作为对照组，植入后1个月、3个月行墨汁明胶血管灌注透明法及组织学观察。

The results are unsure for experimental use;The rabbit's corneas that were removed with upper-half of corneal limbal epithelium lamella and erased the center corneal epitheliums were transparent with intact corneal epithelium;In the approach,the corneal and limbal epitheliums were burned with a cotton swab socked in 1 mol/L NaOH,there were 4 rabbits' corneal stroma happened perforation or ulcer and symblepharon,and the other one presented corneal epithelium phenotype.This is an applicable method to create the pathological model of corneal limbal stem cell total deficiency.

结果表明，处理后4周，全周角膜缘上皮板层手术切除，中央角膜上皮层用1 mol/L NaOH擦除的5只试验家兔角膜表面全部血管化、结膜化，未发生睑球粘连，角膜基质胶原纤维完整未见溃疡、穿孔等病变，细胞印迹学检查为结膜表型，可作为实验性角膜缘干细胞移植的病理模型；全周角膜缘上皮板层手术切除，中央角膜上皮用生理盐水擦除的5只试验家兔，有2只为结膜表型，另3只为角膜表型，观察期内结果不稳定；半周角膜缘上皮板层手术切除，中央角膜上皮层用生理盐水擦除的5只试验家兔，角膜表面透明，全部为角膜表型；直接用1 mol/L NaOH擦除角膜缘和中央角膜上皮的试验家兔，有4只角膜基质胶原纤维断裂、溶解，并伴有严重的溃疡、穿孔、睑球粘连等病变，不能用于移植试验，另1只角膜表面透明，未见结膜和新生血管长入，细胞印迹学检查为角膜表型。

METHODS: The presence and number of recently developed extra-articular manifestations and a weighted EAM score, as well as the levels of serological markers, were compared between 31 patients with RA with histologically proven vasculitis and 50 patients with RA in whom vasculitis could not be documented histologically. The following markers were evaluated: circulating immune complexes, complement components C3 and C4, class-specific rheumatoid factors, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, antinuclear antibodies, antiendothelial antibodies, circulating intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and -3, circulating vascular cell adhesion molecule and E-selectin, cellular fibronectin, von Willebrand factor antigen, and C reactive protein.

对比组织学上已证实有血管炎的31例 RA 例和组织学上无血管炎的50例 RA 患者间的临床及血清学标记物，这些资料包括最近发生的关节外表现数量、关节外表现加权得分、循环免疫复合物、补体 C3和 C4、类风湿因子（ IgM-RF，IgG-RF，IgA-RF ）、抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体、抗内皮细胞抗体、循环细胞间粘附分子-1和-3、循环血管内皮粘附分子和 E-选择素、细胞纤连蛋白、假性血友病因子抗原（ von Willebrand factor antigen ）及 C-反应蛋白。

The Division of Neurology is primarily dedicated to teaching and research in neurology including molecular aspects of xenobiotic enzymes, epilepsy, percutaneous carotid and vertebral artery angioplasty, In vitro and in vivo experimental studies on neuroprotective effects of neuropeptides during focal cerebral ischaemia, cardiovascular and autonomic complications during the acute stage of stroke.

神经学分部主要致力于神经学的教学与研究，其研究领域包括异生化合酶类的分子相，癫痫，颈动脉和脊椎动脉血管成形术，脑局部缺血中神经肽的体内和体外神经保护，急性中风时的心脏血管和自发的并发症等。

Thus, despite epidemiological associations between dysglycaemia and macrovascular disease,5 the supposition must be that, until hypoglycaemic interventions show reductions in incidence, such associations might not represent cause and consequence.

因此，尽管流行病学分析显示了血糖代谢障碍和大血管病变之间的联系，但是这一推想必须建立在降血糖可以减少大血管事件发生率的基础上，因为这种流行病学相关并不代表因果关系。

Thus, despite epidemiological associations between dysglycaemia and macroascular disease,5 the supposition must be that, until hypoglycaemic interentions show reductions in incidence, such associations might not represent cause and consequence.

因此，尽管流行病学分析显示了血糖代谢障碍和大血管病变之间的联系，但是这一推想必须建立在降血糖可以减少大血管事件发生率的基础上，因为这种流行病学相关并不代表因果关系。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。