血小板减少性紫癜

Fluorescein isothiocyanate labeled polyclonal goat antihuman immunoglobulin antibody was added, and flow cytometer was used to detect bead-platelet-associated autoantibodies-antihuman immunoglobulin antibody complex. Results The fluorescene ratio of four monoclonal antibodies was significantly different (P .01) between the idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura patients and either the non-ITP patients or the normal controls. If the upper limit of normal control was set as cutoff value, ratios of greater than 1.37, 1.24, 1.48, and 1.19 were considered positive for the four monoclonal antibodies respectively. The flow cytometric bead assay had an overall sensitivity of 73.17% and a specificity of 94.29%.

结果 特发性血小板减少性紫癜组4种单抗荧光强度比值与非ITP血小板减少组和正常对照组有显著性差异（P＜0.01）；若将ITP组患者4种单抗荧光强度比值分别大于正常对照组上限1.37、1.24、1.48和1.19判断为阳性，则流式微球技术检测血小板特异性自身抗体的敏感性为73.17%，特异性为94.3%；4种单抗联合检测总体敏感性明显高于改良间接单抗特异的血小板抗原固定试验（P＜0.05，且大于各单个抗体检测敏感性。

It is important to differentiate immune thrombocytopenia from nonimmune thrombocytopenia because of the different clinical treatment, but untill now there is no satisfactory laboratory tests could be used.

非免疫性血小板减少性紫癜，是指由非免疫因素引起的血小板减少，如化疗后骨髓抑制、急性白血病、脾功能亢进以及恶性肿瘤骨髓转移等引起的血小板减少。

The diagnosis of ITP is made clinically by exclusion of other causes of thrombocytopenia, the absence of splenomegaly, and the finding of normal or increased megakaryopoiesis on bone marrow examination. The nonimmune thrombocytopenia is caused by some nonimmune factors, such as acute leukemia, hypersplenism and post-chemotherapic bone marrow suppression.

特发性血小板减少性紫癜的诊断仍只是一种排除性的临床诊断，其国内诊断标准为多次化验检查血小板计数减少，脾脏不增大或仅轻度增大，骨髓检查巨核细胞数增多或正常，有成熟障碍，并且具备以下五点中的任何一点：泼尼松治疗有效，切脾治疗有效，血小板相关抗体增多，血小板相关补体增多，血小板寿命测定缩短，同时应排除继发性血小板减少症。

Thrombocytopenic purpura is characterized by its hazard a significant reduction in platelets, associated with purpuric skin and mucous membrane, severe bleeding may have other parts such as nose bleeding, gum bleeding, women's menstrual excessive or severe hematemesis, hemoptysis, hematochezia, hematuria, and other symptoms , concurrent intracranial hemorrhage is the cause of death in this disease.

血小板减少性紫癜其危害的特点是血小板显著减少，伴有皮肤粘膜紫癜，严重者可有其它部位出血如鼻出血、牙龈渗血、妇女月经量过多或严重吐血、咯血、便血、尿血等症状，并发颅内出血是本病的致死病因。

Today, we come to examine this issue in medicine, mainly the use of traditional Chinese medicine theory, study and discuss the treatment of thrombocytopenia, so the doctors here do not have to introduce more thrombocytopenic purpura on the modern haemorrhagic theoretical content.

今天我们来探讨这个医学的课题，主要是研究讨论运用中医中药理论治疗血小板减少症，因此在此不必介绍更多的西医关于血小板减少性紫癜的现代溢血理论内容。

Among the cases, hypergranular promyelocytic was present in 15%. Infected bone marrow and megaloblastic anemia were observed in 5% respectively. Fungi infected bone marrow and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura were found in 2.5% respectively. Pure red cell aplasia and granulocytic series deficiency due to regenerative granulocyte failure were observed in 2.5% respectively.

在40例艾滋病患者中，反应性早幼粒细胞增多者占15％，感染性骨髓象和巨幼细胞性贫血各占5％，真菌感染性骨髓象和特发性血小板减少性紫癜各占2.5％，纯红再障和生成减少性粒细胞缺乏症各占2.5％。

Objective To study the changes in bone marrow megalokaryocyte numbers, platelet function and T-lymphocyte subsets in children with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura after treatment and normalization of platelet count.

目的 研究特发性血小板减少性紫癜患儿经治疗血小板数量正常后的血小板功能、巨核细胞数量及T淋巴细胞亚群的变化。

In this review data on the use of rituximab is presented from 92 studies involving 1197 patients with the following diseases: systemic lupus erythematosus, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated vasculitis, Grave's disease, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, pemphigus vulgaris, hemophilia A, cold agglutinin disease, Sjogren's syndrome, graft vs. host disease, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, cryoglobulinemia, IgM mediated neuropathy, multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica, idiopathic membranous nephropathy, dermatomyositis, and opsoclonus myoclonus.

本综述资料总结了92项共1197例患者应用利妥昔的研究，包括系统性红斑狼疮、特发性血栓性血小板减少性紫癜，抗中性粒细胞抗体相关性血管炎、甲状腺功能亢进、自身免疫性溶血性贫血、寻常型天疱疮、甲型血友病、冷凝集素病、干燥综合征、移植抗宿主疾病、血栓性血小板减少性紫癜、IgM介导性神经病、多发性硬化、视神经脊髓炎、特发性膜性肾病、皮肌炎和眼肌阵挛性肌阵挛。

He was previously healthy until 2000 when he developed petechiae and purpura on both legs. In 7/2000, he was diagnosed with thrombocytopenic purpura (platelets 36×10*9/l, but normal WBC/Hgb/LFTs/renal function/urinalysis).

他一直很健康，2000年的时候突然发现两条腿上有血瘀点和紫癜。2000年7月，他被诊断患有血小板减少性紫癜（血小板数，36×10*9/l，但是白细胞/血红蛋白/肝功能试验/肾功能/尿检均正常）。

It is concluded that the positive rate of platelet antibody screening is very high in patients with hematologic malignancies, the coincidence rate of platelet antibody crossmatch in 249 blood samples is between 40% and 48%, and the effeciency of using crossmatched platelets in clinic is enhanced significantly.

微柱凝胶免疫分析技术在血小板抗体筛选中的应用大部分免疫性血小板减少性紫癜患者血小板膜上可测出血小板相关抗体，包括IgG、PA IgM、PA IgA，其中一项出现阳性，即为血小板抗体检测阳性，而且其量往往与外周血的血小板数量呈负相关，因此检测这种血小板相关抗体有助于免疫性血小板减少性紫癜的诊断［1］。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。